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1、【精品文档】如有侵权,请联系网站删除,仅供学习与交流生物学辞典.精品文档. 1 生 物 学 辞 典中英文词汇 对照生物秀整理制作 仅供学习参考 2 A band|A 带A chromosome|A 染色体二倍体染色体组中的正常染色体(不同于 B 染色体)A site|核糖体A 部位ABA|脱落酸abasic site|脱碱基位点,无碱基位点abaxial|远轴的abequose|阿比可糖,beta 脱氧岩藻糖aberrant splicing|异常剪接aberration|象差;畸变;失常abiogenesis|自然发生论,无生源论ablastin|抑殖素(抑制微生物细胞分裂或生殖的一种抗体)
2、abnormal distrbution|非正态分布abnormality|异常,失常;畸形,畸变ABO blood group system|ABO 血型系统aboriginal mouse|原生鼠abortin|流产素abortion|流产,败育abortive egg|败育卵abortive infection|流产(性)感染abortive transduction|流产(性)转导ABP|肌动蛋白结合蛋白abrin|相思豆毒蛋白abscisic acid|脱落酸abscission|脱落absolute|绝对的absolute configuration|绝对构型absolute co
3、unting|绝对测量absolute deviation|绝对偏差absolute error|绝对误差absorbance|吸收,吸光度absorbed dose|吸收剂量absorbent|吸收剂absorptiometer|吸光计absorptiometry|吸光测定法absorption|吸收absorption band|吸收谱带absorption cell|吸收池absorption coefficient|吸收系数absorption spectroscopy|吸收光谱法absorption spectrum|吸收光谱;吸收谱absorptive endocytosis|吸收
4、(型)胞吞(作用)absorptive pinocytosis|吸收(型)胞饮(作用)absorptivity|吸光系数;吸收性abundance|丰度abundant|丰富的,高丰度的abundant mRNAs|高丰度 mRNAabzyme|抗体酶acaricidin|杀螨剂accedent variation|偶然变异accelerated flow method|加速流动法accepting arm|tRNA 的接纳臂acceptor|接纳体,(接)受体acceptor site|接纳位点,接受位点acceptor splicing site|剪接受体acceptor stem|tRN
5、A 的接纳茎accessible|可及的accessible promoter|可及启动子accessible surface|可及表面accessory|零件,附件;辅助的 3 accessory cell|佐细胞accessory chromosome|副染色体accessory factor|辅助因子accessory nucleus|副核accessory pigment|辅助色素accessory protein|辅助蛋白(质)accommodation|顺应accumulation|积累,累积accuracy|准确度acenaphthene|二氢苊acene|并苯acentric|
6、无着丝粒的acentric fragment|无着丝粒断片acentric ring|无着丝粒环acetal|缩醛acetaldehyde|乙醛acetalresin|缩醛树脂acetamidase|乙酰胺酶acetamide|乙酰胺acetate|乙酸盐acetic acid|乙酸,醋酸acetic acid bacteria|乙酸菌,醋酸菌acetic anhydride|乙酸酐acetification|乙酸化作用,醋化作用acetin|乙酸甘油酯,三乙酰甘油酯acetoacetic acid|乙酰乙酸Acetobacter|醋杆菌属acetogen|产乙酸菌acetogenic bac
7、teria|产乙酸菌acetome body|酮体acetome powder|丙酮制粉在30度以下加丙酮制成的蛋白质匀浆物acetomitrile|乙腈acetone|丙酮acetyl|乙酰基acetyl coenzyme A|乙酰辅酶 Aacetylcholine|乙酰胆碱acetylcholine agonist|乙酰胆碱拮抗剂acetylcholine receptor|乙酰胆碱受体acetylcholinesterase|乙酰胆碱酯酶acetylene|乙炔acetylene reduction test|乙炔还原试验检查生物体的固氮能力acetylglucosaminidase|乙
8、酰葡糖胺糖苷酶acetylglutamate synthetase|乙酰谷氨酸合成酶acetylsalicylate|乙酰水杨酸;乙酰水杨酸盐、酯、根acetylsalicylic acid|乙酰水杨酸acetylspiramycin|乙酰螺旋霉素AchE|乙酰胆碱酯酶achiral|非手性的acholeplasma|无胆甾原体AchR|乙酰胆碱受体achromatic|消色的;消色差的achromatic color|无色achromatic lens|消色差透镜achromatin|非染色质acid catalysis|酸催化acid fibroblast growth factor|酸性
9、成纤维细胞生长因子acid fuchsin|酸性品红acid glycoprotein|酸性糖蛋白 4 acid hydrolyzed casein|酸水解酪蛋白acid medium|酸性培养基acid mucopolysaccharide|酸性粘多糖acid phosphatase|酸性磷酸酶acid protease|酸性蛋白酶acid solvent|酸性溶剂acidic|酸性的acidic amino acid|酸性氨基酸acidic protein|酸性蛋白质有时特指非组蛋白acidic transactivator|酸性反式激活蛋白acidic transcription act
10、ivator|酸性转录激活蛋白acidification|酸化(作用)acidifying|酸化(作用)acidolysis|酸解acidophilia|嗜酸性acidophilic bacteria|嗜酸菌acidophilous milk|酸奶aclacinomycin|阿克拉霉素acoelomata|无体腔动物acomitic acid|乌头酸aconitase|顺乌头酸酶aconitate|乌头酸;乌头酸盐、酯、根aconitine|乌头碱aconitum alkaloid|乌头属生物碱ACP|酰基载体蛋白acquired character|获得性状acquired immunity
11、|获得性免疫acridine|吖啶acridine alkaloid|吖啶(类)生物碱acridine dye|吖啶燃料acridine orange|吖啶橙acridine yellow|吖啶黄acriflavine|吖啶黄素acroblast|原顶体acrocentric chromosome|近端着丝染色体acrolein|丙烯醛acrolein polymer|丙烯醛类聚合物acrolein resin|丙烯醛树脂acropetal translocation|向顶运输acrosin|顶体蛋白acrosomal protease|顶体蛋白酶acrosomal reaction|顶体反应
12、acrosome|顶体acrosome reaction|顶体反应acrosomic granule|原顶体acrosyndesis|端部联会acrylamide|丙烯酰胺acrylate|丙烯酸酯、盐acrylic acid|丙烯酸acrylic polymer|丙烯酸(酯)类聚合物acrylic resin|丙烯酸(酯)类树脂acrylketone|丙烯酮acrylonitrile|丙烯腈actidione|放线(菌)酮即环己酰亚胺actin|肌动蛋白actin filament|肌动蛋白丝actinin|辅肌动蛋白分为 alfa、beta 两种,beta 蛋白即加帽蛋白actinmicr
13、ofilament|肌动蛋白微丝actinometer|化学光度计actinomorphy|辐射对称用于描述植物的花 5 actinomycetes|放线菌actinomycin D|放线菌素 Dactinospectacin|放线壮观素,壮观霉素,奇霉素action|作用action current|动作电流action potential|动作电位action spectrum|动作光谱activated sludge|活性污泥activated support|活化支持体activating group|活化基团activating transcription factor|转录激活因子
14、activation|激活;活化activation analysis|活化分析activation energy|活化能activator|激活物,激活剂,激活蛋白activator protein|激活蛋白active absorption|主动吸收active biomass|活生物质active carbon|活性碳active center|活性中心active chromatin|活性染色质active dry yeast|活性干酵母active dydrogen compounds|活性氢化合物active ester of amino acid|氨基酸的活化酯active hy
15、drogen|活性氢active immunity|主动免疫active oxygen|活性氧active site|活性部位,活性中心active transport|主动转运active uptake|主动吸收activin|活化素由垂体合成并由睾丸和卵巢分泌的性激素activity|活性,活度,(放射性)活度actomyosin|肌动球蛋白actophorin|载肌动蛋白一种肌动蛋白结合蛋白acute|急性的acute infection|急性感染acute phase|急性期acute phase protein|急性期蛋白,急相蛋白acute phase reaction|急性期反应
16、,急 相反应炎症反应急性期机体的防御反应acute phase reactive protein|急性期反应蛋白,急 相反应蛋白acute phase response|急性期反应,急相反应acute toxicity|急性毒性ACV|无环鸟苷acyclic nucleotide|无环核苷酸acycloguanosine|无环鸟苷,9(2羟乙氧甲基)鸟嘌呤acyclovir|无环鸟苷acyl|酰基acyl carrier protein|酰基载体蛋白acyl cation|酰(基)正离子acyl chloride|酰氯acyl CoA|脂酰辅酶 Aacyl coenzyem A|脂酰辅酶 Aa
17、cyl fluoride|酰氟acyl halide|酰卤acylamino acid|酰基氨基酸acylase|酰基转移酶acylating agent|酰化剂acylation|酰化 6 acylazide|酰叠氮acylbromide|酰溴acyloin|偶姻acyltransferase|酰基转移酶adamantanamine|金刚烷胺曾用作抗病毒剂adamantane|金刚烷adaptability|适应性adaptation|适应adapter|衔接头;衔接子adapter protein|衔接蛋白质adaptin|衔接蛋白衔接网格蛋白与其他蛋白的胞质区adaptive behav
18、ior|适应性行为adaptive enzyme|适应酶adaptive molecule|衔接分子adaptive response|适应反应大肠杆菌中的 DNA 修复系统adaptor|衔接头;衔接子adaxial|近轴的addition|加成addition compound|加成化合物addition haploid|附加单倍体addition line|附加系additive|添加物,添加剂additive effect|加性效应additive genetic variance|加性遗传方差additive recombination|插入重组,加插重组因DNA 插入而引起的基因重
19、组addressin|地址素选择蛋白(selectin)的寡糖配体,与淋巴细胞归巢有关adducin|内收蛋白一种细胞膜骨架蛋白,可与钙调蛋白结合adduct|加合物,加成化合物adduct ion|加合离子adenine|腺嘌呤adenine arabinoside|啊糖腺苷adenine phosphoribosyltransferase|腺嘌呤磷酸核糖转移酶adenoma|腺瘤adenosine|腺嘌呤核苷,腺苷adenosine deaminase|腺苷脱氨酶adenosine diphoshate|腺苷二磷酸adenosine monophosphate|腺苷(一磷)酸adenosi
20、ne phosphosulfate|腺苷酰硫酸adenosine triphosphatase|腺苷三磷酸酶adenosine triphosphate|腺苷三磷酸adenovirus|腺病毒adenylate|腺苷酸;腺苷酸盐、酯、根adenylate cyclase|腺苷酸环化酶adenylate energy charge|腺苷酸能荷adenylate kinase|腺苷酸激酶adenylic acid|腺苷酸adenylyl cyclase|腺苷酸环化酶adenylylation|腺苷酰化adherence|粘着,粘附,粘连;贴壁adherent cell|贴壁细胞;粘 着( 性)细
21、胞,粘 附( 性)细胞adherent culture|贴壁培养adhering junction|粘着连接adhesin|粘附素如见于大肠杆菌adhesion|吸附,结合,粘合;粘着,粘附,粘连adhesion factor|粘着因子,粘附因子adhesion molecule|粘着分子,粘附分子adhesion plaque|粘着斑adhesion protein|粘着蛋白,吸附蛋白adhesion receptor|粘着受体adhesion zone|粘着带如见于细菌壁膜之间adhesive|粘合剂,胶粘剂adhesive glycoprotein|粘着糖蛋白adipic acid|己二
22、酸,肥酸adipocyte|脂肪细胞adipokinetic hormone|脂动激素见于昆虫adipose tissue|脂肪组织adjust|动调节,调整;修正adjustable|可调的adjustable miropipettor|可调微量移液管adjustable spanner|活动扳手adjusted retention time|调整保留时间adjusted retention volume|调整保留体积adjuvant|佐剂adjuvant cytokine|佐剂细胞因子adjuvant peptide|佐剂肽adjuvanticity|佐剂(活)性adoptive immu
23、nity|过继免疫adoptive transfer|过继转移ADP ribosylation|ADP 核糖基化ADP ribosylation factor|ADP 核糖基化因子ADP ribosyltransferase|ADP 核糖基转移酶adrenal cortical hormone|肾上腺皮质(激)素adrenaline|肾上腺素adrenergic receptor|肾上腺素能受体adrenocepter|肾上腺素受体adrenocorticotropic hormone|促肾上腺皮质(激)素adrenodoxin|肾上腺皮质铁氧还蛋白adriamycin|阿霉素,亚德里亚霉素a
24、dsorbent|吸附剂adsorption|吸附adsorption catalysis|吸附催化adsorption center|吸附中心adsorption chromatography|吸附层析adsorption film|吸附膜adsorption isobar|吸附等压线adsorption isotherm|吸附等温线adsorption layer|吸附层adsorption potential|吸附电势adsorption precipitation|吸附沉淀adsorption quantity|吸附量adult diarrhea rotavirus|成人腹泻轮状病毒a
25、dvanced glycosylation|高级糖基化advanced glycosylation end product|高级糖基化终产物adventitious|不定的,无定形的adverse effect|反效果,副作用aecidiospore|锈孢子,春孢子aeciospore|锈孢子,春孢子aequorin|水母蛋白,水母素aeration|通气aerator|加气仪,加气装置aerial mycelium|气生菌丝体aerobe|需氧菌利用分子氧进行呼吸产能并维持正常生长繁殖的细菌aerobic|需氧的aerobic bacteria|需氧(细)菌aerobic cultivati
26、on|需氧培养 8 aerobic glycolysis|有氧酵解aerobic metabolism|有氧代谢aerobic respiration|需氧呼吸aerobic waste treatment|需氧废物处理aerobiosis|需氧生活aerogel|气凝胶aerogen|产气菌aerolysin|气单胞菌溶素Aeromonas|气单胞菌属aerosol|气溶胶aerosol gene delivery|气溶胶基因送递aerospray ionization|气喷射离子化作用aerotaxis|趋氧性(细胞)随环境中氧浓度梯度进行定向运动aerotolerant bacteria
27、|耐氧菌不受氧毒害的厌氧菌aerotropism|向氧性aesculin|七叶苷,七叶灵aetiology|病原学afferent nerve|传入神经affinity|亲和,亲和性affinity adsorbent|亲和吸附剂affinity chromatography|亲和层析affinity coelectrophoresis|亲和共电泳用于研究DNA 结合蛋白affinity column|亲和柱affinity coupling|亲和偶联affinity electron microscopy|亲和电镜(术)用亲和配体包被铜网affinity extraction|亲和提取,亲和
28、萃取affinity filtration|亲和过滤affinity labeling|亲和标记affinity ligand|亲和配体affinity maturation|亲和力成熟见于体液免疫系统的发育affinity partitioning|亲和分配affinity precipitation|亲和沉淀affinity purification|亲和纯化(法)affinity tag|(附加)亲和标记物aflatoxin|黄曲酶毒素agar|琼脂agar diffusion test|琼脂扩散试验agar gel|琼脂胶agar plate|琼脂平板agar slant|琼脂斜面固化
29、时斜放的,装有固体培养基的一种试管培养基;也指斜面培养基上生长出的菌苔agarase|琼脂糖酶agarfitine|伞菌氨酸agaricin|蘑菇素agaricinic acid|蘑菇酸agaropectin|琼脂胶agarose|琼脂糖agarose gel|琼脂糖凝胶agarose gel electrophoresis|琼脂糖凝胶电泳agarose plate|琼脂糖平板age pigment|老年色素agent|剂;介质agglutination|凝集(作用)agglutinin|凝集素agglutinogen|凝集原aggrecan|聚集蛋白聚糖来自软骨aggregate|聚集体;凝
30、聚体aggregation|聚集(作用) 9 aggressin|攻击素细菌分泌的一种有助于侵染宿主细胞的化学物质aggressivity|攻击力aging|衰老,老化,陈化agitation|振荡,振摇,搅拌agitator|振荡器,搅拌器aglycone|苷元,糖苷配基agonist|兴奋剂,激动剂,刺激物;竞争剂;拮抗剂agranulocyte|无粒细胞agravitropism|无向重力性agretope|抗原限制位抗原上识别并结合二类主要组织相容性复合体的部位agricultural alcohol|农产品(制)酒精agricultural waste|农业废物,农业垃圾agrin|
31、集聚蛋白,集聚素由运动神经分泌并可诱导肌纤维的乙酰胆碱酯酶和乙酰胆碱受体发生聚集agrobacteriocin|农杆菌素,土壤杆菌素Agrobacterium|农杆菌属,土壤杆菌属Agrobacterium rhizogenes|毛根农杆菌,毛根土壤杆菌Agrobacterium tumefaciems|根癌农杆菌,根 瘤土壤杆菌agrochemical|农用化学品如除草剂,杀虫剂等agrocin|农杆素由某些农杆菌所产生并作用于另一些农杆菌的抗生素(不是蛋白质)agrocinopine|农杆糖酯一种糖磷酸二酯agroinfection|农杆菌感染(法)agropine|农杆氨酸,农杆碱见于毛
32、根agropinic acid|农杆鸟氨酸,鸟氨农杆碱见于毛根air bubble|气泡air drying|风干air filter|空气滤器air monitering|空气监测air peak|空气峰,气泡峰air sterilization|空气除菌airflow|气流airflow meter|气流计airflow moniter|气流显示器,气流监控仪airlift bioreactor|气升式生物反应器airlift fermentation|气升式发酵airlift fermentor|气升式发酵罐airlock|气锁akaryote|无核细胞akinetic chromoso
33、me|无着丝粒染色体akinetic fragment|无着丝粒断片akinetic inversion|无着丝粒倒位alamethicin|丙甲甘肽来自绿色木酶的一种小肽,富含 beta 氨基异丁酸alanine|丙氨酸alanine aminotransferase|丙氨酸转氨酶alarm|警报器,定时钟albinism|白化病albizziin|合欢氨酸,脲基丙氨酸albumin|白蛋白,清蛋白alcohol|醇;乙醇alcohol dehydrogenase|醇脱氢酶;乙醇脱氢酶alcoholic fermentation|生醇发酵aldehyde|醛;乙醛aldehyde dehyd
34、rogenase|醛脱氢酶aldehyde oxidase|醛氧化酶aldimine|醛亚胺alditol|糖醛aldol|羟醛aldol condensation|羟醛缩合 10 aldolase|醛缩酶aldonic acid|醛糖酸aldose|醛糖aldosterome|醛固醇alduronic acid|糖醛酸aleurome|糊粉aleurome grain|糊粉粒aleurome layer|糊粉层alfalfa mosaic virus|苜蓿花叶病毒alga|藻类(单)algae|藻类algicide|杀藻剂algin|藻胶alginate|藻酸盐alginic acid|藻酸
35、algocyan|藻蓝素algorithm|算法,公式alicyclic amine|脂肪胺alicyclic compound|脂环化合物alicyclic hydrocarbon|脂环烃alignment|顺序;排列;序列对比alimentary canal|消化管aliphatic|脂肪族的aliphatic amine alkaloid|脂(肪)族胺(类)生物碱aliphatic compound|脂肪族化合物aliquot|小份,等份,等分部分alizarin|茜素alkali|碱,强碱alkali metal|碱金属alkaline|碱的,强碱的alkaline amino aci
36、d|碱性氨基酸alkaline denaturation|碱变性法alkaline earth metal|碱土金属alkaline gel electrophoresis|碱性凝胶电泳alkaline hydrolysis|碱水解(作用)alkaline lysis|碱裂解(法)alkaline phosphatase|碱性磷酸酶alkaline protein|碱性蛋白质alkaline reserve|碱储备如血液中的碳酸氢钠alkalization|碱化alkaloid|生物碱alkane|烷alkene|烯alkyl|烷基alkylating agent|烷化剂alkylation|
37、烷(基)化alkyne|炔all or none|全或无all or nothing|全或无all transconfiguration|全反构型allantoic acid|尿囊酸allantoin|尿囊素allatostatin|咽侧体抑制素抑制保幼激素的分泌allatotropin|促咽侧体素促进保幼激素的分泌allele|等位基因allele linkage analysis|等位基因连锁反应allelic complement|等位(基因)互补allelic diversity|等位(基因)多样化allelic exclusion|等位(基因)排斥一个杂合子表现其任一异型性状的现象,
38、有 时特指成熟的 B 细胞只产生一种抗体而其等位结构不表达allelic inactivation|等位(基因)失活allelic inclusion|等位(基因)相容allelic replacement|等位(基因)置换allelic variation|等位(基因)变异allelism|等位性allelomorph|等位基因allelomorphism|等位性allelopathic substance|异柱克生物质,异种克生物质allelopathy|异柱克生(现象),异种克生(现象)allergen|变应原allergic|变应性的allergic disease|变应性疾病alle
39、rgy|变态反应alloantibody|同种抗体alloantigen|同种抗原allodiploid|异源二倍体allodiploidy|异源二倍性allodiplomonosome|异源二倍单体allogenic antigen|同种异型抗原,同种异体抗原allograft|同种异体移植allograft rejection|同种异体移植排斥allogroup|同种异型组allohaploid|异源单倍体alloheteroploid|异源异倍体allophycocyanin|别藻蓝蛋白,别藻蓝素alloploid|异源倍体alloploidy|异源倍性allopolyhaploid|异
40、源多倍单倍体allopolyploid|异源多倍体allopurinol|别嘌呤醇allopurinol nucleotide|别嘌呤醇核苷酸alloreactivity|同种异体反应性allorecognition|同种(异体)识别allose|阿洛糖allosome|异染色体allosteric activation|别构激活,别构活化allosteric activator|别构激活剂,别构活化剂allosteric control|别构调节allosteric effect|别构效应allosteric effector|别构剂allosteric enzyme|别构酶alloster
41、ic inbibition|别构抑制allosteric inbibitor|别构抑制剂allosteric interaction|别构作用allosteric ligand|别构配体allosteric protein|别构蛋白allosteric regulation|别构调节allosteric site|别构部位allosteric transition|别构转换由别构剂所引起的蛋白质构象变化allosterism|别构,变构allostery|别构性allosynapsis|异源联会allotope|同种异型位allotrope|同素异形体allotrtraploid|异源四倍体a
42、llotype|同种异型allotypic antigen|同种异型抗原allotypic determinant|同种异型决定簇 12 allotypic marker|同种异型标记allotypy|同种异型性alloxan|四氧嘧啶allozyme|同种异型酶allyl|烯丙基allyl resin|烯丙基树脂allysine|醛(基)赖氨酸alphavirus|甲病毒属属于披膜病毒科alternate segregation|相间分离alternating copolymer|交替共聚物alternating copolymerization|交替共聚合alternation of ge
43、nerations|世代交替alternative|另一种的,交替的,备择的alternative complement pathway|补体旁路alternative pathway of complement|补体旁路(途径)alternative polyadenylation|可变聚腺苷酸化alternative RNA processing|可变 RNA 加工alternative RNA splicing|可变 RNA 剪接,旁路RNA 剪接alternative splicing|可变剪接,旁路剪接alternative splicing factor|可变剪接因子alterna
44、tive transcription|可变转录alternative transcription initiation|可变转录起始alternatively spliced mRNA|可变剪接的 mRNAaltrose|阿卓糖Alu family|Alu 家族alum|矾,明矾aluminia|氧化铝,矾土alveolar gas exchange|肺泡气体交换alveolar surfactant|肺泡表面活性物质alytensin|产婆蟾(紧张)肽Alzheimer disease|阿尔茨海默病,老年性痴呆amaerobic|厌氧的amalgam|汞齐amalgam electrode|汞齐电极amanin|鹅膏素amanitine|鹅膏毒环肽amantadine|金刚胺amanullin|鹅膏无毒环肽amaryllidaceae alkaloid|石蒜科生物碱amastatin|氨肽酶抑制剂,抑氨肽酶肽amatoxin|鹅膏毒素amber codon|琥珀密码子即 UAA 终止密码子amber mutant|琥珀突变体,琥珀突变型amber mutation|琥珀突变amber suppression|琥珀抑制amb