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1、【精品文档】如有侵权,请联系网站删除,仅供学习与交流曲墙式衬砌计算.精品文档.3拱形曲墙式衬砌结构计算3.1基本资料:公路等级 山岭重丘高速公路围岩级别 级围岩容重 S=20KN/m3弹性抗力系数 K=0.18106 KN/m变形模量 E=1.5GPa衬砌材料 C25喷射混凝土材料容重 h=22 KN/m3变形模量 Eh=25GPa二衬厚度 d=0.45m图2 衬砌结构断面(单位:cm)3.2荷载确定:3.2.1围岩竖向压力根据公路隧道设计规范的有关计算公式及已知的围岩参数,代入公式q=0.45 2S-1 其中:S围岩的级别,取S=5;围岩容重,取=20 KN/m3;宽度影响系数,由式=1+i
2、 (B-5)计算,其中,B为隧道宽度,B=11.93+20.45+20.10=13.03m,式中0.10为一侧平均超挖量;B5时,取i =0.1,=1+0.1*(13.03-5)=1.803所以围岩竖向荷载(考虑一衬后围岩释放变形取折减系数0.4)q=0.4516201.803*0.4259.632*0.4=103.853.2.2计算衬砌自重g=1/2*(d0+dn ) *h=1/2(0.45+0.45) 22=9.9 根据我国复合式衬砌围岩压力现场量测数据和模型实验,并参考国内外有关资料,建议级围岩衬砌承受80%-60%的围岩压力,为安全储备这里取:72.70 1)全部垂直荷载q= 72.7
3、0+g=82.602)围岩水平均布压力e=0.4q=0.482.60=33.043.3衬砌几何要素3.3.1衬砌几何尺寸内轮廓线半径: r1 =7.000 m , r2 = 5.900 m内径r1,r2所画圆曲线的终点截面与竖直轴的夹角: 1=70.3432, 2 =108.7493 拱顶截面厚度d0 =0.45 m ,拱底截面厚度dn=0.45m。3.3.1半拱轴线长度S及分段轴长S S =12.363 m将半拱轴长度等分为8段,则S=S/8=12.363/8=1.545 mS/Eh =1.545/0.25108 =6.1810-8 m3.3.3各分块截面中心几何要素各分块截面与竖直轴的夹角
4、及截面中心点的坐标可以由图3直接量得,具体数值见表2-1。3.4计算位移3.4.1单位位移:用辛普生法近似计算,按计算列表进行,单位位移的计算见表3-1。表表3-1 单位位移计算表 截面sincosxyd1/Iy/Iy2/I(1+y)2/I积分系数1/300.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0.000 0.45 131.687 0.000 0.000 131.687 1 114.472 0.250 0.968 1.531 0.194 0.45131.687 25.547 4.956 187.738 4 228.943 0.484 0.875 2.964 0.765 0.45131.
5、687 100.741 77.067 410.235 2 343.415 0.687 0.72 4.210 1.676 0.45131.687 220.708 369.906 943.009 4 457.887 0.847 0.532 5.188 2.869 0.45131.687 377.811 1083.939 1971.248 2 571.916 0.951 0.310 5.832 4.252 0.45131.687 559.934 2380.840 3632.396 4 684.194 0.995 0.101 6.152 5.764 0.45131.687 759.045 4375.1
6、37 6024.915 2 796.472 0.994 -0.113 6.143 7.309 0.45131.687 962.502 7034.928 9091.619 4 8108.749 0.947 -0.321 5.806 8.817 0.45131.687 1161.086 10237.299 12691.159 1 1053.498 3570.348 20157.368 28351.563 注:1.I截面惯性矩,I=bd3/12,b取单位长度2.不考虑轴力的影响。单位位移值计算如下:11=S/Eh1/I=6.1810-81053.498=65.106210-612=S/ Ehy/I=
7、6.1810-83570.348=220.647510-622=S/ Ehy2/I=6.1810-820157.368=1245.725310-6计算精度校核:11+212+22=(65.1062+2*220.6475+1245.7253)10-6=1752.126510-6SS=S/ Eh(1+y)2/I=6.1810-828351.563=1752.126610-6闭合差=0.000110-603.4.2载位移主动荷载在基本结构中引起的位移1)每一块上的作用力(竖向力Q、水平力E、自重力G),分别由下面各式求得,Qi =q*biEi =e*hiGi =( di-1+di)/2*S* rh其
8、中:bi衬砌外缘相邻两截面间的水平投影长度hi衬砌外缘相邻两截面间的竖直投影长度di接缝i的衬砌截面厚度均由图3直接量得,其值见表3-2。各集中力均通过相应图形的形心。 图3 衬砌结构计算图示(单位:cm)表3-2 载位移Mop计算表截面投影长度集中力S-Qaq-GagbhQGEaqagae00.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 11.531 0.194 126.461 15.296 6.410 0.765 0.759 0.097 -96.742 -11.609 21.434 0.571 118.448 15.2
9、96 18.866 0.717 0.699 0.285 -84.928 -10.692 31.245 0.911 102.837 15.296 30.099 0.623 0.594 0.455 -64.067 -9.086 40.978 1.193 80.783 15.296 39.417 0.489 0.451 0.597 -39.503 -6.898 50.644 1.383 53.194 15.296 45.694 0.322 0.279 0.692 -17.129 -4.267 60.311 1.512 25.689 15.296 49.956 -0.155 0.119 0.756 3
10、.982 -1.820 70.009 1.545 0.743 15.296 51.047 -0.004 -0.046 0.773 0.003 0.704 80.000 1.508 0.000 15.296 49.824 0.000 -0.209 0.754 0.000 3.197 续表3-2 -Gaei-1(Q+G)i-1Exyxy-xi-1(Q+G)-yi-1EMoip0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 -0.622 0.000 0.000 1.531 0.194 1.531 0.194 0.000 0.00
11、0 -108.973 -5.377 141.756 6.410 2.964 0.765 1.433 0.571 -203.136 -3.660 -416.766 -13.695 275.500 25.276 4.210 1.676 1.246 0.911 -343.273 -23.026 -869.913 -23.532 393.633 55.375 5.188 2.869 0.978 1.193 -384.973 -66.062 -1390.881 -31.620 489.711 94.792 5.832 4.252 0.644 1.383 -315.374 -131.097 -1890.3
12、68 -37.767 558.201 140.486 6.152 5.764 0.320 1.512 -178.624 -212.415 -2317.013 -39.459 599.185 190.443 6.143 7.309 -0.009 1.545 5.393 -294.234 -2644.606 -37.568 615.224 241.489 5.806 8.817 -0.337 1.508 207.330 -364.166 -2835.813 2)外荷载在基本结构中产生的内力块上各集中力对下一接缝的力臂由图直接量得,分别记以aq 、ae、ag。内力按下式计算之:弯矩:轴力: 式中 x
13、i、yi相邻两接缝中心点的坐标增值。 xi=xi- xi-1 yi=yi- yi-1Moip和Noip的计算见表3-2及表3-3。表3-3载位移Noip计算表截面sincosi(Q+G)iEsin* i(Q+G)cos*iENop00.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 114.472 0.250 0.968 141.756 6.410 35.425 6.206 29.219 228.943 0.484 0.875 275.500 25.276 133.327 22.119 111.208 343.415 0.687 0.726 393.
14、633 55.375 270.535 40.224 230.311 457.887 0.847 0.532 489.711 94.792 414.784 50.391 364.393 571.916 0.951 0.310 558.201 140.486 530.627 43.609 487.018 684.194 0.995 0.101 599.185 190.443 596.111 19.266 576.844 796.472 0.994 -0.113 615.224 241.489 611.304 -27.218 638.522 8108.749 0.947 -0.321 630.519
15、 291.314 597.060 -93.636 690.696 3)主动荷载位移计算过程见表3-4。表3-4 主动荷载位移计算表截面Mp01/Iy/I1+yMp0/IyMp0/IMp0(1+y)/I积分系数1/300.000 131.687 0.000 1.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 1 1-108.973 131.687 25.547 1.194 -14350.405 -2783.979 -17134.384 4 2-416.766 131.687 100.741 1.765 -54882.723 -41985.283 -96868.006 2 3-869.913 131.
16、687 220.708 2.676 -114556.441 -191996.594 -306553.035 4 4-1390.881 131.687 377.811 3.869 -183161.260 -525489.656 -708650.916 2 5-1890.368 131.687 559.934 5.252 -248937.362 -1058481.662 -1307419.024 4 6-2317.013 131.687 759.045 6.764 -305121.027 -1758717.599 -2063838.626 2 7-2644.606 131.687 962.502
17、8.309 -348260.938 -2545439.197 -2893700.135 4 8-2835.813 131.687 1161.086 9.817 -373440.375 -3292623.783 -3666064.158 1 -1454730.326 -7713271.529 -9168001.855 1p=S/EhMp0/I=6.1810-8(-1454730.326)= - 89902.33410-62p =S/ EhMp0y/I=6.1810-8(-7713271.529)= -476680.18110-6计算精度校核Sp=1p+2pSp=S/ EhMp0(1+y)/I因此
18、,Sp=6.1810-8(-9168001.855)= -566582.515.51510-61p+2p= -(89902.334+476680.181)10-6= -566582.51510-6闭合差=0.000。3.4.3载位移单位弹性抗力及相应的摩擦力引起的位移1)各接缝处的抗力强度按假定拱部弹性抗力的上零点位于与垂直轴接近450的第3截面,3=43.4150=b;最大抗力位于第5截面,5=71.9159=h;拱部各截面抗力强度,按镰刀形分布,最大抗力值以上各截面抗力强度按下式计算:i=h(coS2b-coS2i)/(coS2b-coS2h)计算得,3=0, 4=0.5682h , 5=
19、h 。边墙截面弹性抗力计算公式为:=h1-(yi/ yh)2式中yi所求抗力截面与外轮廓线交点到最大截面抗力截面的垂直距离;yh墙底外边缘c到最大抗力截面的垂直距离。(yi和yh在图3中可量得)y6=1.559m; y7=3.152m; y8=4.707m;则有: 6=h 1-(1.559/4.707)2= 0.8903h 7=h 1-(3.152/4.707)2= 0.5516h 8=0;按比例将所求得的抗力绘在图4上。2)各楔块上抗力集中力按下式近似计算:式中,楔块i外缘长度,由图3量得。 的方向垂直于衬砌外缘,并通过楔块上抗力图形的形心。3)抗力集中力与摩擦力之合力按近似计算:式中 围岩
20、与衬砌间的摩擦系数。取=0.2,则 =1.0198 其作用方向与抗力集中力的夹角为=arctg=11.301。由于摩擦阻力的方向与衬砌位移方向相反,其方向朝上。的作用点即为与衬砌外缘的交点。 将的方向线延长,使之交于竖直轴。量取夹角k(自竖直轴反时针方向量度)。将分解为水平与竖向两个分力:RH= Ri Sink RV= Ri coSk以上计算例入表3-5中, 并参见图3。表3-5 弹性抗力及摩擦力计算表截面i(h)(i-1+i)/2S外 (h)R(h)ksink30.0000 0.000 0.0000 0.0000 0.000 0.000 40.5682 0.284 1.5987 0.4632
21、 64.439 0.902 51.0000 0.784 1.5987 1.2784 77.109 0.975 60.8903 0.945 1.5987 1.5409 89.212 1.000 70.5516 0.721 1.5987 1.1754 101.080 0.981 80.00000.276 1.5987 0.4497 111.888 0.928 续表3-5 截面coskRH (h)RV (h)vhRi(h)31.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 40.431 0.418 0.200 0.200 0.418 0.454 50.223 1.246 0.285 0.485 1.6
22、64 1.254 60.014 1.541 0.021 0.506 3.205 1.511 7-0.192 1.153 -0.226 0.280 4.358 1.153 8-0.373 0.417 -0.168 0.113 4.776 0.441 4)计算单位抗力图及其相应的摩擦力在基本结构中产生的内力 弯矩 轴力 式中 rKi -力Ri至接缝中心点K的力臂,由图3量得,计算见表3-6和表3-7。表3-6 M0计算表截面号R4=0.4632hR5=1.2784hR6=1.5409hR7=1.1754hR8=0.4497hMo (h)r4i-R4r4ir5i-R5r5ir6i-R6r6ir7i-
23、R7r7ir8i-R8r8i40.5455 -0.253 -0.253 52.0714 -0.959 0.7200 -0.920 -1.880 63.5733 -1.655 2.2703 -2.902 0.8280 -1.276 -5.833 74.9634 -2.299 3.7694 -4.819 2.3729 -3.656 0.8792 -1.033 -11.808 86.1756 -2.861 5.1585 -6.595 3.8727 -5.967 2.4239 -2.849 1.052-0.473 -18.745 表3-7 N0计算表截面号sincosRV(h)RH(h)sinRV(h
24、)cosRH(h)No(h)4 57.8867 0.8467 0.5320 0.1999 0.4178 0.1692 0.2223 -0.0531 5 71.9159 0.9504 0.3110 0.4850 1.6640 0.4610 0.5175 -0.0565 6 84.1937 0.9948 0.1019 0.5062 3.2048 0.5036 0.3266 0.1770 7 96.4715 0.9937 -0.1119 0.2804 4.3583 0.2786 -0.4875 0.7661 8 108.7493 0.9472 -0.3205 0.1127 4.7755 0.1068
25、 -1.5306 1.6374 5)单位抗力及相应摩擦力产生的载位移计算过程见表3-8。表3-8 单位抗力及相应摩擦力产生的载位移计算表截面号M0(h)1/Iy/I(1+y)M01/I(h)M0y/I(h)M0(1+y)/I(h)积分系数1/34-0.253 131.6872 377.811 3.869 -33.271 -95.455 -128.726 2 5-1.880 131.6872 559.934 5.252 -247.564 -1052.641 -1300.205 4 6-5.833 131.6872 759.045 6.764 -768.160 -4427.678 -5195.83
26、8 2 7-11.808 131.6872 962.502 8.309 -1554.912 -11364.855 -12919.763 4 8-18.745 131.6872 1161.086 9.817 -2468.447 -21764.304 -24232.744 1 -3760.404 -26826.852 -30587.248 1=S/EhM01/I=6.1810-8(-3760.404)= -232.393010-62=S/ EhM0y/I=6.1810-8(-26826.852)= - 1657.899510-6校核为: 1+2= -(232.3930+ 1657.8995) 10
27、-6=-1890.292510-6 S=S/ EhM0(1+y)/I=6.1810-8(-30587.248)=-1890.291910-6闭合差=0.000610-60。综上计算得结构抗力图如图4 图4 结构抗力图3.4.4墙底(弹性地基上的刚性梁)位移1)单位弯矩作用下的转角:1=1/(KI8)= 131.6872 /0.18106=731.595610-62)主动荷载作用下的转角:p=1M8p0=-2835.813731.595610-6 = -2074668.31310-63)单位抗力及相应摩擦力作用下的转角:=1M80=731.595610-6(-18.745) = - 13713.
28、759510-63.5解力法方程衬砌矢高 f=y8=8.817m计算力法方程的系数:a11=11+1=(65.1062+731.5956)10-6=796.701810-6a12=12+f1=(220.6475+8.817*731.5956)10-6=6671.125910-6a22=22+f21=(1245.7253+8.817*8.817*731.5956)10-6=58119.593410-6a10=1p+p+(1+)h =-(89902.334+2074668.313+232.3930h+13713.7595h) 10-6= -(2164570.647+13946.1525h)10-6
29、a20=2p+fp+(2+f)h = -(476680.181+8.817*2074668.313+1657.8995h+8.817*13713.7595h) = - (18769030.7+122572.117h) 10-6以上将单位抗力图及相应摩擦力产生的位移乘以h倍,即被动荷载的载位移。求解方程:X1 = (a12a20 - a22a10)/( a11a22 - a122)=(329.6545-3.972h)其中: X1p=329.65446, X1= -3.972X2 = (a12a10 - a11a20)/( a11a22 - a122)=(285.0995+2.2059h)其中:
30、X2p=285.0995, X2= 2.56483.6计算主动荷载和被动荷载(h =1)分别产生的衬砌内力计算公式为:和 计算过程列入表3-9和表3-10中。表3-9 主、被动荷载作用下衬砌弯矩计算表截面MopX1pyX2p*yMpMo (h)X1 (h)X2*y (h)Mo (h)0 0.000 329.654 0.000 0.000 329.654 0.000 -3.972 0.000 -3.972 1 -108.973 329.654 0.194 55.309 275.990 0.000 -3.972 0.498 -3.474 2 -416.766 329.654 0.765 218.1
31、01 130.990 0.000 -3.972 1.962 -2.010 3 -869.913 329.654 1.676 477.827 -62.432 0.000 -3.972 4.299 0.327 4 -1390.881 329.654 2.869 817.950 -243.276 -0.253 -3.972 7.359 3.134 5 -1890.368 329.654 4.252 1212.243 -348.471 -1.880 -3.972 10.906 5.054 6 -2317.013 329.654 5.764 1643.314 -344.045 -5.833 -3.972
32、 14.784 4.979 7 -2644.606 329.654 7.309 2083.792 -231.160 -11.808 -3.972 18.746 2.967 8 -2835.813 329.654 8.817 2513.722 7.564 -18.745 -3.972 22.614 -0.102 表3-10 主、被动荷载作用下衬砌轴力计算表截面NopcosaX2pcosNpNo(h)X2cos (h)N(h)0 0.000 1.000 285.099 285.099 0.000 2.565 2.565 1 29.219 0.968 276.054 305.272 0.000 2.
33、483 2.483 2 111.208 0.875 249.490 360.698 0.000 2.244 2.244 3 230.311 0.726 207.095 437.405 0.000 1.863 1.863 4 364.393 0.532 151.558 515.951 -0.053 1.363 1.310 5 487.018 0.310 88.498 575.516 -0.057 0.796 0.740 6 576.844 0.101 28.842 605.687 0.177 0.259 0.436 7 638.522 -0.113 -32.133 606.388 0.766 -
34、0.289 0.477 8 690.696 -0.321 -91.639 599.058 1.637 -0.824 0.813 3.7计算最大抗力值首先求出最大抗力方向内的位移。由式:并考虑接缝5的径向位移与水平方向有一定的偏离,因此将其修正如下计算过程列入表3-11。表3-11最大抗力位移修正计算表截面号Mp/IM/Iyiy5-yiMp/I(Y5-Yi)M/I(Y5-Yi)积分系数 1/3043411.273 -523.022 0.000 4.252 184584.732 -2223.890 4 136344.399 -457.497 0.194 4.058 147485.573 -1856
35、.523 2 217249.693 -264.637 0.765 3.487 60149.681 -922.790 4 3-8221.462 43.060 1.676 2.576 -21178.487 110.923 2 4-32036.321 412.734 2.869 1.383 -44306.233 570.812 4 5-45889.112 665.561 4.252 0.000 0.000 0.000 1 351442.298 -4598.224 位移值为: hp=6.1810-8351442.2980.9506=2064.620910-5 h=6.1810-8(-4598.224)
36、 0.9506= -27.013210-5则可得最大抗力h = hp /(1/K-h)= 2064.620910-5/1/(0.18106)+27.013210-5=74.889883.8计算衬砌总内力按下式进行计算:M=Mp+h MN=Np+h N计算过程列入表3-12表3-12衬砌总内力计算表截面号MpMMM/IMy/INpNNe积分系数1/30 329.654 -297.440 32.214 4242.214 0.000 285.099 221.683 506.783 0.0636 1 1 275.990 -260.176 15.814 2082.503 404.006 305.272
37、214.650 519.922 0.0304 4 2 130.990 -150.498 -19.508 -2568.958 -1965.254 360.698 193.995 554.693 -0.0352 2 3 -62.432 24.488 -37.944 -4996.688 -8374.452 437.405 161.030 598.435 -0.0634 4 4 -243.276 234.720 -8.556 -1126.698 -3232.498 515.951 113.257 629.208 -0.0136 2 5 -348.471 378.501 30.031 3954.660 16815.219 575.516 63.926 639.443 0.0470 4 6 -344.045 372.86728.823 3795.557 21877.597 605.687 37.727 643.414 0.0448 2 7 -231.160 222.211 -8.949 -1178.418 -8613.060 606.388 41.232 647.620 -0.0138 4 8 7.5639 -7.6757 -