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1、【精品文档】如有侵权，请联系网站删除，仅供学习与交流必修2第四单元Book2Unit4.精品文档.重点单词识记1powerful /pafl/ adj.强大的，有力的2income /Inkm/ n收入3fierce /fIs/ adj.凶猛的，猛烈的 4incident /InsIdnt/ n事件；事变5appreciate /priieIt/ vt.鉴赏；感激；意识到appreciation n感激；感谢6protection /prtekn/ n保护protect vt.保护7hunt /hnt/ vt.& vi.打猎，猎取；搜寻hunter n猎人8respond /rIspnd/ v
2、i.回答；响应；做出反应response n回答；反应 9distant /dIstnt/ adj.远的；远处的distance n距离；远方10relief /rIlif/ n(痛苦或忧虑的)减轻或解除；减轻痛苦的事物relieve vt.使减轻；缓解11contain /knteIn/ vt.包含；容纳；容忍container n容器12affect /fekt/ vt.影响；感动；侵袭affection n喜爱；感情13succeed /sksid/ vi.成功；vt.接替；继任success n成功successful adj.成功的14employ /ImplI/ vt.雇用；利用(
3、时间、精力等)employer n雇主employee n雇员，雇工employment n雇用；使用；就业unemployment n失业；失业率15harm /hm/ n& vt.损害；危害harmful adj.有害的harmless adj.无害的.重点短语识记1so that以致于；结果2die out灭亡；逐渐消失3in peace和平地；和睦地；安详地4in danger (of)在危险中；垂危5in relief如释重负；松了口气6burst into laughter突然笑起来；大声笑了出来7protect.from保护不受(危害)8pay attention to注意9co
4、me into being形成；产生10according to按照；根据所说.经典原句默写与背诵1Please take me to a distant land where I can find the animal that gave fur to make this sweater.请把我带到遥远的国度，在那里我能找到提供皮毛来做毛衣的动物。2They lived on the earth tens of millions of years ago，long before humans came into being.它们千百万年前就生活在地球上，比人类的出现要早得多3They lea
5、rned this from the way the bones were joined together.他们从(恐龙)骨骼连接的方式了解到这一点。4It is a pity that in the story nobody helped the dodo.遗憾的是在这个故事当中没有人帮助渡渡鸟。1The International Labour Organization helps to improve working conditions and create employment(employ) opportunities.2As we all know，smoking is harm
6、ful(harm) to our health.3He opposes fiercely(fierce) to flexible working hours and does not believe in working at home.4I have a great affection(affect) for my grandmother.5Hes going to make decisions that wont be altogether wildly(wild) popular with the American people.6Theres nothing like a good n
7、ap，or a long nights sleep to relieve(relief) tensions.7We respect Dr.Jones，because hes devoted his whole life to the protection(protect) of the rare animals.8His talents are not fully appreciated(appreciation) in that company.9In view of what he has done，he will certainly(certain) succeed.10The prod
8、uct was developed in response(respond) to customer demand.1decrease to减少到decrease by减少了decrease from.to.从减少到decrease in sth.在方面降低；减少on the decrease在减少The clubs members have decreased to two hundred.该俱乐部的会员已减少到了200人。There has been a decrease in the number of pandas these years.近年来大熊猫的数量已经减少了。夯实基础(1)语
9、法填空The number of car accidents is on the decrease.By the end of the study，that percentage had decreased by half，to 45 percent.We have no idea when the price of housing decreases to the level we can afford.There has been a decrease in our imports.(2)This species of bird is decreasing in numbers(数量正在下
10、降) every year.2at a loss不知所措，困惑be lost in陷入lose v.丢失；损失，丧失lose face丢脸lose weight减肥He was at a loss what to do.他对做什么不知所措。He is afraid of making mistakes and losing face in public.他害怕出错在公众面前丢脸。 夯实基础(1)用lose的适当形式填空However hard you try，it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you e
11、at.Today we have chat rooms，text messaging，emailing.but we seem to be losing the art of communicating facetoface.Even the best writers sometimes find themselves lost for words.Listening to loud music at rock concerts has caused hearing loss in some teenagers.(2)He was at a loss(不知所措) what to say to
12、the teachers question.Obviously，he was lost in thought(陷入沉思) just now.3reserve sth.for.为保留某物reserve the right to do sth.保留做某事的权利in reserve备用with/without reserve有(没有)保留地make a reservation预订，预约Firstly，an effective way，I think，is to reserve water in a scientific way for future use.首先，我认为一个有效的方法就是用科学的方法
13、把水贮存起来以备将来使用。(2010福建书面表达)Do you have to reserve tickets in advance?你需要提前订票吗？夯实基础(1)语法填空Frankly speaking，I have little money in reserve.She told me all about it without reserve.I reserve my favorable comments for my former monitor.(2)同义句改写句子These seats are reserved for special guests.(用reserve的近义词改写句
14、子)These seats are kept for special guests.4respond to响应；回答response n回答；反应give/make a quick response to对做出很快的反应in response to对做出反应in response作为回答，作为回应In response，the mom kneels down to show how happy and thankful she feels.作为回应，母亲蹲下表示她的幸福和感激。(2011江苏书面表达)夯实基础(1)A large part of human activity，particula
15、rly in relation to the environment，is in response to conditions or events(对各种情况或事件的反应)(2)翻译句子她有没有回复你的信？Has she responded to your letter?5in relief如释重负to ones relief使某人放心的是relieve v.减轻relieve sb.of.将某人从中解脱出来The pills gave him some relief for the moment.这些药丸暂时给他减轻一些痛苦。夯实基础(1)语法填空To his relief，a loud k
16、nock at the door spared him from giving an explanation.My assistant relieved me of all the paperwork.She leaned back in relief after hearing the news that she had passed the exam.(2)同义句改写Those who suffer from headache will find they get relief from this medicine.(用relieve sb.of.改写句子)This medicine wi
17、ll relieve those people of headache.(3)翻译句子使我欣慰的是，我儿子最终被一所重点大学录取。Much to my relief，my son was eventually admitted to a famous university.6have/take mercy on怜悯，宽恕show/give mercy to对仁慈、同情at the mercy of.任由摆布；在的掌握中without mercy残忍地；毫不留情地merciful adj.仁慈的He shows little mercy to the poor.他对穷人没有仁慈心。He went
18、 down on his knees and begged for mercy.他跪下来，乞求宽恕。夯实基础用mercy的相关短语填空(1)They were lost at sea，at the mercy of wind and weather.(2)The policemen shot the crocodile without mercy.(3)She is a kindhearted woman and often has/takes mercy on或shows/gives mercy to people who are in trouble.7a certain一点；一些be c
19、ertain/sure of/about/that.对有把握to a certain extent/degree在某种程度上for certain/sure确凿地；肯定地make certain/sure把搞清楚，弄明白Its certain that.是肯定无疑的；确定的Were certain/sure that by tomorrow，Mr.Knowles，youll have an answer.诺尔斯先生，我们肯定你明天能得到答复。To a certain extent，we are all responsible for this tragic situation.我们都在一定程度
20、上对这悲惨的局面负有责任。特别提醒(1)certain可以用人作主语，也可以用物作主语，还可以用it作形式主语。(2)sure通常用人作主语，不能用在以it作形式主语的句子中。夯实基础(1)单句改错Its sure that he will come to help you.surecertain(2)翻译句子他借给了我一些钱。He has lent me a certain sum of money.确切情况我不知道。I dont know for certain.8I hope I can contain education in amusement.我希望能寓教于乐。(2010天津书面表
21、达)Orange juice contains things which help keep you healthy.橘汁里含有益于健康的东西。图解助记夯实基础(1)This book contains all the information you need(包含你需要的所有信息)(2)He was so excited that he could hardly contain himself(控制他自己)9be affected by被感动；被侵袭be affected with high fever发高烧affect sb.to tears把某人感动得流泪have an effect o
22、n对有影响Around 540 million people are affected by secondhand smoke，which causes 100,000 deaths per year.大约5亿4千万人受二手烟的影响，每年造成10万人死亡。(2010广东基础写作)The climate affected the amount of the rainfall.气候影响了降雨量。She was deeply affected by the news of his death.他去世的消息使她深感悲痛。夯实基础(1)用effect，affect的适当形式填空The drug didn
23、t affect his health；in fact，it seemed to have no effect at all.(2)同义句改写With the governments aid，those who were affected by the earthquake have moved to the new settlements.(改为简单句)With the governments aid，those affected by the earthquake have moved to the new settlements.appreciate doing.感激做I would a
24、ppreciate it if.假如我将不胜感激appreciation n.欣赏；感激in appreciation of欣赏；感激I would appreciate it if you could offer me a hand.如果你能帮我我将不胜感激。(2011山东写作)And Ill appreciate it very much if you give me an early reply.如果你能早点回信我将非常感激。Here I sincerely express my appreciation if you could help find the lost suitcase.
25、如果你能帮我找到丢失的箱子，我会真诚地表达我的感激之情。(2010重庆书面表达)特别提醒(1)appreciate后接v.ing形式。(2)其后只能接“事”作宾语，而不能接“人”作宾语。(3)其后不直接跟if或when引导的从句，需先接it，再接从句。夯实基础用所给词的适当形式填空(1)I dont appreciate being treated(treat) like a secondclass citizen.(2)He expressed his appreciation(appreciate) for what she had done.succeed in doing.成功地做成s
26、ucceed sb.as.接替、继任某人当be successful in (doing) sth.在(做)方面成功have/gain/win/get/achieve success取得成功He succeeded in overcoming all kinds of difficulties.他成功地克服了重重困难。Parents arrange everything for their children and spare no effort to pave the way for their success.父母为孩子安排好一切，不遗余力地为他们的成功铺平道路。(2013福建书面表达)夯
27、实基础(1)用succeed的适当形式填空Nearly all of the young people interviewed believed that work was the key to success.I am looking forward to a long and successful partnership with him.We have already succeeded in working out ground rules with the Department of Defense.(2)Of her plays，three were successes(成功的人)
28、 and one was a failure(失败的人)employ.as.雇用作employ oneself in (doing) sth.从事于，忙于be employed in doing sth.从事于out of employment失业in employment在业，有工作How do you employ your spare time?你怎样利用你的业余时间？His mother is employed as a shop assistant.他母亲受雇于一家商店做店员。 夯实基础语法填空(1)He has been employed in writing a new book
29、 these days.(2)When I employ people as advisors I will occasionally listen to their advice.(3)There is a problem even for people in employment.do/cause harm to对造成伤害do sb.harmdo harm to sb.伤害某人；对某人有害mean no harm无恶意There is no harm in doing.做某事无害处be harmful to.对有害These days，breaking traffic rules and
30、littering are not uncommon，causing serious harm to life and the environment.最近这段日子，违反交通规则和乱扔垃圾的现象很常见，对生活和环境造成了极大的危害。(2013安徽书面表达)It makes our school dirty and unpleasant，and does harm to the image of our school.这使我们学校又脏又令人不快，也损害了学校形象。(2011浙江书面表达)夯实基础(1)语法填空Many lifestyle patterns do such / great harm
31、 to health that they actually speed upthe weakening of the human body.(2)完成句子Fruit juice can do/cause harm to(对造成损害) childrens teeth.He means no harm(无恶意) by saying what he thinks，but people tend to be upset by it.These chemicals used in agriculture are harmful to(对有害) the environment.1The two commu
32、nities live together in peace.2As soon as Wang Fang appeared on the stage，the audience burst into laughter.3If too many of these rare animals are killed，their kind will die out.4The little boy was once in danger of losing his sight.Fortunately，a doctor helped him out of danger.5. Pay attention to wh
33、at youre doing.1die of/from死于die down(声音、火焰等)逐渐减弱、降低be dying for/to do.渴望获得/做If it is not much too inconvenient，would you please come to China to have a close observation of the poor finless porpoises and give us aid and direction to prevent them from dying out completely?如果方便的话，你能来中国近距离地观察一下可怜的长江江豚
34、并给我们援助和指导以防止它们完全灭绝吗？(2013重庆写作二) 夯实基础(1)用die短语的适当形式填空According to statistics，a man is more than twice as likely to die of/from skin cancer as a woman.She is dying to know where youve been.The excitement died down as time went by.(2)用die的短语替换下列划线部分The English of 500 years ago was very different from t
35、he English of today.Over time，some words and expressions even disappeared completely.died out2come into force(法律)实施，生效come into effect生效come into power当权come into office就职come into use/service开始使用How words came into being is unknown.单词是怎样形成的并不为人所知。This decision，which aims to make all indoor public p
36、laces smokefree，will come into effect from the first day of 2011.这个旨在使所有的室内公共区域都变成无烟区的决定，将从2011年第一天起开始生效。(2010广东基础写作)夯实基础(1)The new law will come into force/effect(生效) next month.(2)The big hotel has come into use/service(已经投入使用)(3)After a heated discussion，a new plan came into being(产生)，which would
37、 have a great effect on the study of the students.1It wont be long before(不久之后) he goes abroad.2Its a pity(很遗憾) that he cant come.3Thats good news.It shows the importance of wildlife protection，but Id like to help as the WWF suggests (按照WWF的建议帮助你们)4The school where I studied(我学习的学校) is not far from
38、my home.5They were surprised to find(吃惊地发现) that these dinosaurs could not only run like the others but also climb trees.1 It shows the importance of wildlife protection,but Id like to help as the WWFsuggests., 它表明了野生动植物保护的重要性，不过，我还是想按照世界自然基金会的建议帮助你们。as引导的从句类型：(1)引导方式状语从句，意为“按照，如同”。(2)引导时间状语从句，意为“当时
39、候；一边一边；随着”。(3)引导原因状语从句，意为“因为；既然”。(4)引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管”。(5)引导定语从句，意为“正如”。If all visitors to the Fairy Lake Park do as the couple did，the lake will be severely polluted and soon turned into a huge dustbin.如果所有到仙女湖的游客都像这对夫妇那样做，那么湖水会严重污染，而且很快就会变成一个大垃圾箱。(2012福建书面表达)夯实基础(1)Young as he is (尽管他年轻)，he has trave
40、lled to many countries.(2)They sang songs as they were doing farm work(当他们做农活时)(3)When in Rome，do as the Romans do(入乡随俗)(4)As is known to us all/As we all know (众所周知)，the earth goes around the sun.2 After a while she saw some zebra with black and white lines going beneath their stomachs.,过了一会儿她看到了一些
41、斑马，它们身上有一直延伸到腹部的黑白相间的条纹。with black and white lines going beneath their stomachs为“with复合宾语”作定语。“with复合结构”在句中多作状语，也可以作定语。常见的作宾补的结构有：(1)with宾语doing(2)with宾语done(3)with宾语adj.(4)with宾语adv.(5)with宾语to do(6)with宾语介词短语With the beautiful moon up in the sky，we sit together and eat moon cakes and fruit，sharing
42、 our stories.美丽的月亮挂在夜空中，我们坐在一起吃着月饼和水果，分享着彼此的故事。(2013辽宁书面表达)He was lying on the bed with all his clothes on.他和衣躺在床上。夯实基础用所给词的适当形式填空(1)With winter coming(come) on，its time to buy warm clothes.(2)With all the things she needed bought (buy)，she went home happily.(3)With nothing to do(do)，Tom sleeps at h
43、ome.(4)You have no idea how she finished the relay race with her foot wounded(wound) so much.(5)The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog following(follow) them. 3 They lived on the earth tens of millions of years ago，long before humans came into being.千百万年前恐龙就在地球上
44、生活，比人类的出现要早得多(1)long before相当于long long ago，意为“很久以前”，常用于过去时或过去完成时的句子中作时间状语，before后面可以接名词、代词或句子。(2)before long相当于soon或a little later，意为“不久”，常与将来时、过去时连用，在句中作状语，不可以直接加从句。(3)It is/was not long before.不久就(4)It will be long before.要过很久才(5)It wont be long before.过不了多久就I had heard of him long before I came
45、here.早在我来这儿很久以前我就听说过他的情况。 I can assure you this time it wont be long before we see each other.这次我向你保证过不了多久我们就会再次见面。(2011山东写作)夯实基础(1)语法填空It is three years since I joined the army.It wont be long before we meet again.It is the first time that I have been to China.It is time that you should go to bed.I
46、t was three oclock when I went back.It was in the farm where we once worked that we met Tom for the first time.(2)翻译句子他们不久就到达了目的地。It was not long before they reached their destination.用被动语态改写下列句子(1)One of the best students is writing the report.The report is being written by one of the best students.(2)We are co