动词不定式课件学习教案.ppt

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1、动词不定式动词不定式属于非谓语动词的一种形式,区别于谓语动词。一、动词不定式在句子中不能充当谓语，没有人称和数的变化。 二、动词不定式是由“to+动词原形”构成(有时可以不带to)。动词不定式的否定形式是“not+动词不定式” 。 第1页/共34页第一页，共35页。动词(dngc)不定式To do that sort of thing is foolish。I want to see you this evening.All you have to do is to finish it quickly.We found a house to live in.She came here to s

2、tudy English. I warned the patient not to eat cold water after the operation. 主语(zhy) 宾语(bny)表语 定语 状语 宾补第2页/共34页第二页，共35页。作主语(zhy)To master a foreign language is really important nowadays.To give up smoking is right.1.当今掌握一门外语(wiy)真的很重要。2. 放弃(fngq)吸烟是对的。It is important to master a foreign language.It

3、 is right to give up smokingfor us第3页/共34页第三页，共35页。 To do 作主语， 常用it 作形式主语，to do真正(zhnzhng)的主语放在句末。 It is adj. for sb to do sth (necessary/ important/ easy/ difficult/ possible) 如形容词是用来形容人 ，则介词用of It is adj. of sb to do sth (kind, good, nice, foolish, clever, silly wrong, stupid, considerate, rude, i

4、mpolite)第4页/共34页第四页，共35页。作宾语(bny)Fred didnt have any money, so he decided to look for a job.He promised not to tell anyone about it.1. Fred 没有钱，所以他决定(judng)找一份工作。2. 他答应(d yng)不告述任何人这事。一. 通常要用动词不定式做宾语的动词有:wish ， hope ， prepare, manage ， ask ， offer ， promise ， expect, pretend ， decide, intend等。第5页/共3

5、4页第五页，共35页。 二. 有时可以(ky)用 it 作形式宾语，而把真正作宾语的动词不定式放在后面。 It is + adj. (of / for sb) to do sth例如： I find it hard to persuade her. 常用动词： make, find, feel, think, believe, consider He made it a rule to read English every day.I find it hard for me to master a foreign language.第6页/共34页第六页，共35页。 三. 有些(yuxi)动词

6、后面既可以接不定式作宾语,又接动名词作宾语,但意义不同。如remember, forget, stop, try, regret, mean 等。 例如： I remember locking the door. （ lock 动作已经发生） Please remember to lock the door when you leave. （ lock 动作还没有发生） 第7页/共34页第七页，共35页。作表语(bioy)My job is to teach English.To see is to believe.1. 我的工作(gngzu)是教英语。2. 眼见为实。第8页/共34页第八页，

7、共35页。作定语(dngy)a. 动词不定式可以用在名词后面作定语(dngy)。如：I have many letters to answer. b. 但如果动词不定式的动词为不及物动词时，要在其后面加上适当的介词。如：She has only a cold room to live in. c. 动词不定式作定语(dngy)还可表示将来发生的动作。如： The meeting to be held tomorrow will be of great importance。 第9页/共34页第九页，共35页。作状语(zhungy)He spoke loudly (so as / in orde

8、r) to be heard.They jumped with joy to hear the news.Im too tired to walk any further tonight.They hurried to the station only to find that the train had left.目的(md)状语.原因(yunyn)状语.结果状语有时为了加强语气，不定式可以提前到句首，但是 so as to 不能放在句首。第10页/共34页第十页，共35页。作宾补She asked me to stay there.1. 她叫我呆在这儿(zhr)。2.请允许我介绍(jish

9、o)Mr. White给你们。 Please allow me to introduce Mr. White to you.可以(ky)用动词不定式做宾补的动词有： advise ， ask ， allow ， expect ， encourage ， force ， permit ， order ， persuade ， request ， tell ， want ， wish 等。 第11页/共34页第十一页，共35页。有些(yuxi)动词后面的不定式作宾补时，不带to，如 （感官类） feel, hear, listen to, see, watch, notice, observe .

10、 （使役动词）make, have, let, 变成被动句，需还原to: He was made to wear a mask.I heard them sing a pop song .The teacher made me answer the question.We watched them play football .第12页/共34页第十二页，共35页。注意(zh y) A. 动词(dngc)不定式的否定式只须在to 前加 not.My father decided not to take up the job.The teacher told us not to be late

11、again.第13页/共34页第十三页，共35页。注意(zh y)B . 带疑问词的动词(dngc)不定式在to 前加疑问词,可当作名词用，作主语，宾语。Mr.Lin will teach us how to use the computer.Can you tell me where to get the book?第14页/共34页第十四页，共35页。注意(zh y)C. 作简短回答(hud)或避免不必要的重复时，动词不定式常常省去to 后面的动词，只保留to 。A:Would you like to come to my party?Mary wanted to use my bike,

12、 but I asked her not to ( use my bike).B: Yes , Id love to ( come to your party).Mary想用我的自行车，但我叫她别用。第15页/共34页第十五页，共35页。1.在使役动词(dngc) have, let, make 之后。2.在感官动词(dngc) feel, hear, see, watch, notice, observe, listen to, look at 之后。3.在 why 和 why not 之后。4. 在其他结构之中。 a. can do nothing but / except do have

13、 nothing to do but/ except wait have no choice but to waitb. cannot help but doc. cannot but do d. had better do sth e. would rather do sth f. help sb (to) do sth 或 help (to) do 小结(省略(shngl)to的情况)第16页/共34页第十六页，共35页。To do 一般式 to do 被动 to be done 完成式 to have done to have been done 进行式 to be doing 否定式

14、not to do 逻辑(lu j)主语 for sb to do sth of第17页/共34页第十七页，共35页。动词(dngc)不定式的时态1. I opened the door to enter the room. 2. Mr. Smith is going to attend the meeting to be held tomorrow. 一般(ybn)式( to do ).不定式的一般式所表示的动作（状态）同时(tngsh)（或几乎同时(tngsh)）发生，或之后发生。第18页/共34页第十八页，共35页。.进行(jnxng)式( to be doing)1. I am ver

15、y glad to be working with you.2. Be quiet! They seem to be having class.如果(rgu)谓语表示的动作（情况）发生时，不定式所表示的动作正在进行。动词(dngc)不定式的时态第19页/共34页第十九页，共35页。动词(dngc)不定式的时态.完成(wn chng)式（to have done)1. I am sorry to have kept you waiting so long.2. You seemed to have read the novel written by Mr. Smith.如果谓语表示(biosh)

16、的动作发生在不定式之前。第20页/共34页第二十页，共35页。动词(dngc)不定式的语态.主动式( to do / to be doing /to have done)1. We want to learn English well.2.Robert is said_abroad, but I didnt know what country he studied in.(NMET99) to have studied B.to studyC. made D. to make当不定式逻辑上的主语是不定式所表示(biosh)的动作的执行者时.第21页/共34页第二十一页，共35页。动词(dngc

17、)不定式的语态.被动式( to be done / to have been done)1. He didnt like to be laughed at.2. He claimed _in the supper market when he was doing shopping yesterday.（上海（上海98）being badly treated B.treating badlyC. to be treated badly D. to have been badly treated.当不定式逻辑(lu j)上的主语是不定式所表示的动作的承受者时.第22页/共34页第二十二页，共35页

18、。 The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier _ it more difficult. A. not make B. not to make C. not making D. do not make 2. Ive worked with children before, so I know what _ in my new job. A. expected B. to expect C. to be expecting D. expects高考题汇集(huj)：第23页/共34页第二十三页，共35页。3. Charles Ba

19、bbage is generally considered _the first computer. to invent B. inventing C. to have invented C. having invented4. Allen had to call a taxi because the box was _ to carry all the way home. much too heavy B. too much heavy C. heavy too much D. too heavy much第24页/共34页第二十四页，共35页。5. The boy wanted to ri

20、de his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him _. A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not to6. Little Jim should love _ to the theatre this evening. to be taken B. to take C. being taken D. taking第25页/共34页第二十五页，共35页。7.There are five pairs _,but Im at a loss which to buy.(1999上海高考(o ko)t

21、o be chosen B. to choose from C. to choose D. for choosing8. _late in the afternoon, Bob turned off the alarm. A. To sleep B. Sleeping C. Sleep D. Having sleep 第26页/共34页第二十六页，共35页。9. With a lot of difficult problems _,the newly-elected president is having a hard time.settled B. settling C.to settle

22、D. being settled10. She will tell us why she feels so strongly that each of us has a role_in making the earth a better place to live. A.to have played B. to play C. to be played D. to be playing第27页/共34页第二十七页，共35页。11. In order to gain a bigger share in the international market, many state run compan

23、ies are trying _their products more competitive. to make B. makingC. to have made D.having made12. The teacher asked us_so much noise. A.dont make B. not makeC. not making D. not to make第28页/共34页第二十八页，共35页。1. The light in the office is still on. -Oh, I forgot . A. turning it off B. turn it off C. ha

24、ving turned it off D. to turn it off2. She cant help _ the house because shes busy making a cake. A. to clean B. cleaning C. Cleaned D. being c leaned3. Not everybody has the ability in public. A. of speak B. speaking C. spoken D. to speak练习(linx)第29页/共34页第二十九页，共35页。4. Mary is always the first stude

25、nt4. Mary is always the first student to answer the to answer the teacherteachers questions in class.s questions in class. A. rising B. to rise A. rising B. to rise C. rose D. risenC. rose D. risen5.5. Mum ,why do you always ask me to eat an egg every Mum ,why do you always ask me to eat an egg ever

26、y day?day? - - _ _enough protein and nutrition as you are enough protein and nutrition as you are growing up.growing up.A. Get B. Getting C. To get D. To be gettingA. Get B. Getting C. To get D. To be getting6.6.Would you be so kindWould you be so kind us out? -With pleasure.us out? -With pleasure.A

27、. helping B. in helping C. help D. as to helpA. helping B. in helping C. help D. as to help第30页/共34页第三十页，共35页。7. Wet umbrellas are not allowedWet umbrellas are not allowed into this hotel into this hotel according to the rule.according to the rule.A. to be taken B. to take C. taken D. taking A. to b

28、e taken B. to take C. taken D. taking 8. Robert is said _ abroad, but I didn8. Robert is said _ abroad, but I didnt know what country t know what country he studied in.he studied in. A to have studied B to study A to have studied B to study C to be studying D to have been studying C to be studying D

29、 to have been studying9. In Australia he made a lot of friends9. In Australia he made a lot of friends _ _a very a very practical knowledge of English.practical knowledge of English. get B. getting C. to get D. got get B. getting C. to get D. got第31页/共34页第三十一页，共35页。10. The patient was warmed _ oily

30、food after the 10. The patient was warmed _ oily food after the operation.operation. A. to eat not B. eating not A. to eat not B. eating not C. not to eat D. not eatingC. not to eat D. not eating11. We agreed _ here, but so far she hasn11. We agreed _ here, but so far she hasnt turned out yet.t turn

31、ed out yet. A. having met B. meeting A. having met B. meeting C. to meet D. to have met C. to meet D. to have met12. Paul doesn12. Paul doesnt have to be made _. He always t have to be made _. He always works hard.works hard. A. learn B. to learn A. learn B. to learn C. learned D. learningC. learned D. learning第32页/共34页第三十二页，共35页。第33页/共34页第三十三页，共35页。感谢您的观看(gunkn)！第34页/共34页第三十四页，共35页。NoImage内容(nirng)总结动词不定式。二、动词不定式是由“to+动词原形”构成(有时可以不带to)。2.请允许我介绍Mr. White给你们。有些动词后面(hu mian)的不定式作宾补时，不带to，如。Mary想用我的自行车，但我叫她别用。感谢您的观看第三十五页，共35页。