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1、【精品文档】如有侵权,请联系网站删除,仅供学习与交流中国特色词翻译.精品文档.1、中国意念词(Chinesenesses) 八卦 trigram 阴、阳 yin, yang 道 Dao(cf. logo) 江湖(世界) the jianghu World (the traits world) e.g. You cant control everything in a traits world. (人在江湖,身不由己) 道 Daoism(Taoism) 上火 excessive internal heat 儒学 Confucianism 红学(红楼梦研究) redology 世外桃源 Shang
2、ri-la or Arcadia 开放 kaifang (Chinese openness to the outside world) 大锅饭 getting an equal share regardless of the work done 伤痕文学 scar literature or the literature of the wounded 不搞一刀切 no imposing uniformity on 合乎国情,顺乎民意 to conform with the national conditions and the will of the people 乱摊派,乱收费 imposi
3、tion of arbitrary quotas and service charge 铁交椅 iron (lifetime) posts; guaranteed leading post 脱贫 to shake off poverty; anti-poverty 治则兴,乱则衰 Order leads to prosperity and chaos to decline 2 、中华民族的喜庆节日(Chinese Festivial) 国庆节 National Day 中秋节 Mid-Autumn Day/Festival 春节 Spring Festival 元宵节 Lantern Fest
4、ival 儿童节 Childrens Day 端午节 Dragon Boat Festival 妇女节 Womens Day 泼水节 Water-Splashing Day 教师节 Teachers Day 五四青年节 Youth Day 3、中国独特的传统饮食(Unique Traditional Chinese Foods) 馄饨 wonton 锅贴 guotie (fried jiaozi) 花卷 steamed twisted rolls 套餐 set meal 盒饭 box lunch; Chinese take-away 米豆腐 rice tofu 魔芋豆腐 konjak tofu
5、 米粉 rice noodles 冰糖葫芦 a stick of sugar-coated haws (or apples,etc.) 火锅 chafing dish 八宝饭 eight-treasure rice pudding 粉丝 glass noodles 豆腐脑 jellied bean curd 4 、中国新兴事物(Newly Sprouted Things) 中国 电信 China Telecom 中国 移动 China Mobile 十五计划 the 10th Five-Year Plan 中国电脑联网 Chinanet 三峡工程 the Three Gorges Projec
6、t 希望工程 Project Hope 京九铁路 Beijing CKowloon Railway 扶贫工程 Anti-Poverty Project 菜篮子工程 Vegetable Basket Project 温饱工程 Decent-Life Project 安居工程 Economy Housing Project 扫黄 Porn-Purging Campaign 西部大开发 Go-West Campaign 5 、特有的一些汉语词汇 禅宗 Zen Buddhism 禅 dhyana; dhgaya 混沌 chaos 道 Daosim, the way and its power 四谛 F
7、our Noble Truth 八正道 Eightfold Path 无常 anity 五行说 Theory of Five Elements 无我 anatman 坐禅 metta or transcendental meditation 空 sunyata 虚无 nothingness 双喜 double happiness(中),a doubled stroke of luck(英) 小品 witty skits 相声 cross-talk 噱头;掉包袱 gimmick, stunt 夜猫子 night people; night-owls 本命年 this animal year of
8、 sb. 处世之道 philosophy of life 姻缘 yinyuan(prefixed fate of marriage) 还愿 redeem a wish (vows) 6 、具有文化特色的现代表述 大陆中国 Mainland China 红宝书 little red book 红色中国 socialist China 四化 Four Modernizations 终生职业 job-for-life 铁饭碗 iron rice bowl 大锅饭 communal pot 关系户 closely-related units 外出打工人员 migrant workers 关系网 per
9、sonal nets, closely-knitted guild 五讲(讲文明、讲礼貌、讲卫生、讲秩序、讲道德):the Five Merits focus on decorum, manners, hygiene, disciplines and morals 四美(心灵美、语言美、行为美、环境美): the Four Virtues are golden heart, refined language, civilized behavior, and green environment 7 、中国古代独特事物(Unique Ancient Chinese Items) 宣纸 rice p
10、aper 衙门 yamen 叩头 kowtow 孔子Confucius 牌楼 pailou;pai-loo 武术 wushu(Chinese Martial Arts) 功夫 kungfu ;kung fu 中庸 the way of medium (cf. Golden Means) 中和 harmony (zhonghe) 孝顺 to show filial obedience 孝子 dutiful son 家长 family head 三纲:君为臣纲,父为子纲,夫为妻纲 three cardinal guides: ruler guides subject, father guides
11、son husband guides wife 五常:仁、义、理、智、信 five constant virtues: benevolence (humanity), righteousness, propriety, wisdom and fidelity 八股文 eight-legged essays 多子多福:The more sons/children, the more blessing/ great happiness 养儿防老:raising sons to support one in ones old age 8、 近一季度见诸报端的中国现代特色词汇翻译 基层监督 grass
12、-roots supervision 基础税率 base tariff level 婚介所 matrimonial agency 婚外恋 extramarital love 婚纱摄影 bride photo 黑心棉 shoddy cotton 机器阅卷 machine scoring 即开型奖券 scratch-open ticket/lottery 集中精力把经济建设搞上去 go all out for economic development 价格听证会 public price hearings 甲A球队 Division A Soccer Team 家政服务 household man
13、agement service 加强舆论监督 ensure the correct orientation is maintained in public opinion 假帐 accounting fraud 叫板 challenge; pick a quarrel 矫情 use lame arguments 渐进式台独 gradual Taiwan independence 借调 temporarily transfer 扩大中等收入者比重 Raise the proportion of the middle-income group. 扩大内需,刺激消费expand domestic d
14、emand and consumption 9 全国人民代表大会National Peoples Congress (NPC) 主席团Presidium 常务委员会Standing Committee 中华人民共和国主席President of the Peoples Republic of China 中央军事委员会Central Military Commission 国务院State Council 信息产业部 Ministry of Information Industry 文化部Ministry of Culture 卫生部Ministry of Public Health 外交部M
15、inistry of Foreign Affairs 国防部Ministry of National Defence 教育部Ministry of Education 公安部 Ministry of Public Security 国家安全部 Ministry of State Security 中国人民银行Peoples Bank of China 中国科学院Chinese Academy of Sciences 中国社会科学院Chinese Academy of Social Sciences 中国工程院Chinese Academy of Engineering 最高人民法院Suprem
16、e Peoples Court 最高人民检察院Supreme Peoples Procuratorate 中国共产党中央委员会Central Committee of the Communist Party of China 中央政治局Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the CPC 中央政治局常务委员会Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC 中央书记处Secretariat of the Central Committee of the CPC 中央军事委员会Centr
17、al Military Commission of the CPC 中央纪律检查委员会Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of the CPC 中央办公厅General Office, CCCPC 中国人民政治协商会议The Chinese Peoples Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) 中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会National Committee of the CPPCC 中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会常务委员会Standing Committee of the National
18、Committee of the CPPCC 中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会办公厅General Offices of the CPPCC National Committee 专门委员会Special Committee 中国人民政治协商委员会地方委员会CPPCC Local Committees 中国政党Chinese Parties 中国共产党(中共)Communist Party of China (CPC) 中国国民党革命委员会(民革)Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang 中国民主同盟(民盟)Chinese Democra
19、tic League 中国民主建国会(民建)China Democratic National Construction Association 中国民主促进会(民进)China Association for Promoting Democracy 中国农工民主党Chinese Peasants and Workers Democratic Party 中国致公党China Zhi Gong Dang 九三学社Jiu San Society 中国各级党政机关干部名称译名 中共中央总书记 General Secretary, the CPC Central Committee 政治局常委 Me
20、mber, Standing Committee of Political Bureau, the CPC Central Committee 政治局委员 Member, Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee 书记处书记 Member, secretariat of the CPC Central Committee 中央委员 Member, Central Committee 候补委员 Alternate Member 省委/市委书记 Secretary,Provincial/Municipal Committee of the CPC
21、中华人民共和国主席/副主席 President/Vice President, the Peoples Republic of China 全国人大委员长/副委员长 Chairman/Vice Chairman, National Peoples Congress 秘书长 Secretary-General 主任委员 Chairman 委员 Member (地方人大)主任 Chairman, Local Peoples Congress 人大代表 Deputy to the Peoples Congress 国务院总理 Premier, State Council 国务委员 State Councilor 秘书长 Secretary-General (国务院各委员会)主任 Minister in Charge of Commission for (国务院各部)部长 Minister 部长助理 Assistant Minister 司长 Director 局长 Director 省长 Governor 常务副省长 Executive Vice Governor 自治区人民政府主席 Chairman, Autonomous Regional Peoples Government