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1、【精品文档】如有侵权，请联系网站删除，仅供学习与交流PhotovoltaicGlobalPolicy全球光伏市场分析.精品文档.Photovoltaic Global Policy全球光伏市场分析 作者：Rainy Yuan Australia澳大利亚 Australia has the best solar resource in the world, 80% of Australia have the illumination of more than 2000kw/hour. Under the same condition, the cost of solar power in Aus
2、tralia is nearly half of the cost in Germany. So ,it is the main and most potential market in the world. 澳大利亚拥有世界第一的光照资源, 80%以上的国土光照强度超过 2000kw/m2/hour, 系统成本相同的情况下, 澳大利亚光伏发电的成本几乎只有德国光伏发电成本的一半. 澳大利亚具有成为世界主要光伏市场的潜力. Australia government started to carry out Solar Homes and Communities Plan (SHCP) in 2
3、000, and subsidized to roof-top systems of 1.5KW. 利亚政府启动了光伏扶植项目 ( Solar Homes and Communities Plan, SHCP), 向1.5kw的光伏发电系统提供最高8000AUD的补贴. Starting from 2007 July, Australia started a project called Renewable Remote Power Generation Program, RRPGP. Provi - ding 50% system subsidy, but this project was
4、ended in June 2009 except west Australia. Afterwards, Australia established Solar Credit Program system, which means, every MW generated by solar energy company will get RENEWABLE ENERGY CERTIFICATION. In the meanwhile, CO2 generated companies have to purchase RECs, otherwise will be fined.2007年7月启动
5、偏远地区可再生发电项目 (Renewable Remote Power Generation Program, RRPGP), 提供50%系统成本补贴, 但是此项目于2009年6月除西澳外停止申请. 后澳洲推出Solar Credit Program系统, 及光伏能源公司每产生1MW的电量就获得一个RENEWABLE ENERGY CERTIFICATION简称REC. 而碳排放能源公司每排放1吨CO2就必须向可再生能源公司购买1个REC.否则要罚款.Nowadays in Australia market, the price of each REC is between 30 to 40
6、AUD, in 2011, the price of REC will be locked to 40AUD. 现在在澳洲市场, REC的市场价大概为3040AUD之间. In case the REC is not purchased by CO2 generated company, the fine is 65AUD/ton of CO2, therefore those companies will buy REC. in this way, the solar industry is pushed. 2011年, REC的价格会被锁定为40AUD. 而每排放1吨CO2, 如不购买对应
7、数量的REC的情况下, 会罚款65AUD. 所以碳排放能源公司会主动购买REC, 从而贴补和推动光伏行业的发展. Till 2020, Australia promised to have 20% energy as renewable energy, while they have only 5% now. 2020年澳洲必须有20%的能源来自可再生能源, 而现在只有不到5%. 1 home system=3000W =1500w+1500w 按照一户家庭安装3KW屋顶系统为例，第一个1.5KW系统可获得五倍的REC，第二个则按照1倍计算。每个REC交易约合 3KW system 2830
8、REC*5 +2830 REC=168 180 REC 38-40澳元。 即：6*（2830）*（3840）AUD/REC 168180 REC=AUD$ 6720AUS$ 7200 即：最少收益6720澳元，最高收益7200元 除此REC交易之外，每州还有不同的FIT电力收购价（净电法），见下表： FiT(Feed-in-Tariff)，Japan日本 (subsidy + FIT)Japanese government started the subsidy and feed-in tariff policy on PV from 2009.11.1, and at present the
9、 policy is only apply to the roof-top PV system, not available to the PV plant and other systems. 日本政府于2009年11月1日开始进行太阳能发电的补贴政策和发电买进政策，该政策目前还只是面向于住宅用户安装的太阳能发电系统，对于太阳能发电场类的地面项目还没有正式出台补贴政策。And as we know, from 2011 on, there would be policy apply to all the PV systems, and the expected subsidy could b
10、e 460 billionJPY to 630billionJPY(about 5.6billion USD to 7.7billion USD) per year from 2011 to 2020.有消息称，2011年起，会有面向全部太阳能发电工程的补贴政策，目前仅能预计从2011年到2020年期间，日本对于太阳能的总补贴费用将会达到每年4600亿日元到6300亿日元。Remark: Until now, all the subsidy fee for 2010 have been used out, which means if the application was submitted
11、 in Dec, it could not obtain the profit of policy.备注：截至目前，日本2010年补贴费用已全部使用完毕，也就是说12月份再提交申请的屋顶系统将无法再享受到政策。Japan :Case studyIf a family installs a 3.5KW roof-top PV system, the family can obtain the subsidy as below:1、 After finishing the PV system, the family can get 245,000 JPY subsidy; (3.5KW70,000
12、JPY/KW=245,000JPY) 2、After carrying out the system, we can calculate the feed-in tariff according with these factors : average 3 hours effective sunlight per day, electric cost 200KWh per month. So we can conclude that the family can obtain 5,520 JPY per month as feed-in tariff. (3h3.5KW30day - 200K
13、Wh=115KWh, 48 JPY/KW115KW = 5,520 JPY)如果一个家庭安装一个3.5KW的屋顶系统，那么将能够享受到如下政策： 1、在安装完成后，就能够申请3.5KW7万日元/KW=24.5万日元的费用补贴； 2、在系统投入使用后，按照每天有效日照3个小时，每月家庭用电200KWh，一个月下来，会有3h3.5KW30-200KWh=115KWh的电量剩余，日本政府会支付48日元/KW115KW=5520日元来回购剩余电量。India印度 Driving Force Thrust on Renewable Energy Energy Security Commitment by
14、 Govt of India to reduce carbon intensity by 20% by 2020 compared to 2005 Policy Frameworks Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission by Central Government State level policies Feed-in Tariff determined by Respective Electricity Regulators Enforcement& Enabling Framework Solar specific Renewable Power
15、 Obligation for all distribution licensees and Captive power consumers starting with 0.25% in the current year, increasing to 3% by 2022 Renewable Energy Certificate Objective：Solar Capacity reaches 20GW till 2020. National Solar Mission Up limit: Each company can apply for 5MW solar project maximum
16、.India central gov sets the up limits of each company to encourage more local companies to participate solar industry. Exclusivity: within national solar mission projects, in first phase modules must be made in India locally, in second phase solar cells must be made in India locally. FIT: High FIT e
17、ncourage various company invest in solar business; national solar mission operates through public bidding to release the projects. The one who offer lowest FIT solution is more likely to obtain the projects. So 0.40USD/KW is a scientific figure. Actual PPA FIT may decrease to 0.30USD/KW. Provincial
18、Projects Up limit: None Exclusivity: NoneDiffered from each state: FIT:South Korea韩国 （FIT）the subsidy of Korea solar market Unit:KRW Definition： RPS: Renewable Portfolio Standard RPA: Renewable Portfolio Agreement RPA is a 3-years trial policy of RPS RPS: RPS is a Korean central policy, which means when owner set up, reconstruct or fortify buildings of the common department with area more than 3000 ,a certain percent of the total capital is forced to invest into new energy facility. SMP: system marginal price Capacity Installed in Korean