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1、【精品文档】如有侵权，请联系网站删除，仅供学习与交流高考英语阅读理解分类汇编新闻报道类.精品文档.2011高考英语阅读理解分类汇编新闻报道类1（2011山东卷）DSince the 1970s, scientists have been searching for ways to link the brain with computersBrain-computer interface（BCI） technology could help people with disabilities send commands to machinesRecently, two researchers, J
2、ose Milan and Michele Tavella from the Federal Polytechnic school in Lausanne, Switzerland, demonstrated（展示）a small robotic wheelchair directed by a persons thoughtsIn the laboratory, Tavella operated the wheelchair just by thinking about moving his left or right bandHe could even talk as he watched
3、 the vehicle and guided it with his thoughts“our brain has billions of nerve ceilsThese send signals through the spinal cord （脊髓）to the muscles to give us the ability to moveBut spinal cord injuries or other conditions can prevent these weak electrical signals from reaching the muscles,” Tavella say
4、s “Our system allows disabled people to communicate with external world and also to control devices”（The researchers designed a special cap for the userThis head cover picks up the signals from the scalp（头皮） and sends them to a computerThe computer interprets the signals and commands the motorized w
5、heelchairThe wheelchair also has two cameras that identify objects in its pathThey help the computer react to commands from the brainProfMilan, the team leader, says scientists keep improving the computer software that interprets brain signals and turns them into simple commands“The practical possib
6、ilities that BCI technology offers to disabled people can be grouped in two categories: communication, and controlling devicesOne example is this wheelchair”He says his team has set two goalsOne is testing with real patients, so as to prove that this is a technology they can benefit fromAnd the othe
7、r is to guarantee that they can use the technology over long periods of timeAhelp to update computer systems Blink the human brain with computersChelp the disabled to recover Dcontrol a persons thoughts72How did Tavella operate the wheelchair in the laboratory?ABy controlling his muscles BBy talking
8、 to the machineCBy moving his hand DBy using his mind73Which of the following shows the path of the signals described in Paragraph 5?AscalpcomputercapwheelchairBcomputercapscalpwheelchairCscalpcapcomputerwheelchairDcapcomputerscalpwheelchair74The team will test with real patients toAmake profits fro
9、m them Bprove the technology useful to themCmake them live longer Dlearn about their physical condition75Which of the following would be the best title for the text?ASwitzerland, the BCI Research CenterBNew Findings About How the Human Brain WorksCBCI Could Mean More Freedom for the DisabledDRobotic
10、 Vehicles Could Help to Cure Brain Injuries【解析】：71-75:BDCBC【语篇解读】本文是一则新闻报道，介绍了Brain-computer interface（BCI）技术的发明，原理和对残疾人带来的益处。71B。细节理解题。从第一段第一句话可知。72D细节理解题。见第二段“Tavella operated the wheelchair just by thinking about moving his left or right band”。73C细节理解题。见第五段描述。74B细节推断题。见最后一段“to prove that this is
11、a technology they can benefit from”，证明他们可以从中获得的好处。75C主旨大意题。本文是新闻文体，因此要关注首段的中心，由首段的第二句话“Brain-computer interface（BCI） technology could help people with disabilities send commands to machines”推断选C。2（2011湖北卷）CIn todays throw away society, dealing with the citys growing mountain of waste is an inereasin
12、g challenge for the city countil（市议会）。RecentlyEdinburgh is faced with the problem of dssposing of（处理）about250,000Million tons of waster a year Despite different ways to dispose of much of it in a green manner-largely through encouraging tecycling-its aging facilities such as the Powderhall landfill
13、do not have the ability to deal with itThe European Union（EU） has issued a new policy, regulating how such mountains of waster are to hr disposed ofThe five councils （EdinburghEast LothianWest LothianMidlethian and Borders） face fine around $18million a year from 2013 it they dont inerease recycling
14、 levels and rely less on landfillWith this in mind, the coumlls got together with the idea of building a lage incinerator plant （垃圾焚烧厂）to burn half of the waste produced in their districtsBut the plan fell apart after the change of target levels by a new UK government waste policy which required tha
15、t no more than 25% of the citys waste should be disposed of in this way by 2025After the plan was abandoned, a private company which already transported millions of tons of the citys wast by train to a landfill site near Dunbar, offered an alternative soution when it suggested opening a huge waste s
16、ite near PortobelloSince Powderhall is supposed to close in 2015, it seemed necessary for the members of the Edinburgh Council to accept the suggestionBut soon they turned it downafter 700 local objections reached thembecause it would have meant hundreds of lorries a day making loud noise through he
17、avily populated areasThat still leaves eth council with a problemBy 2013,only50%of 1995 levels of waste will benllewed to be sent to landfillEven if recveling large are met, there will still be a large amount of rubbish to be burnt upDue build an Edinburgh and Midlothian councils have now decided to
18、 work together to build an ineinerator plant as time to find a solution is fast running out59The main way of handling waste in a green manmer in Edinburgh is Arecyeling Brestoring Cburying Dburning60The five councils worked out a plan to build an incinerator plant to Areduce the roast of burying was
19、teBmeets the EU requirementsCspeed up waste recyclingDtempter landfill sites61The city council of Edinburgh rejected the suggestion to open a huge landfill site near Portobello because Aa name from a private companyBthe comelier was not interested in itCit was not supports by EUDthe local poodle was
20、 waist it62What is the final dream an Edinburgh and Midlothian Country?ATo open a new landfill nearbyBTo close the powder hall landfill in 2015CTo set up a plan for burning wasteDTo persuade people to deduce their waste【答案】ABDC3（2011广东卷）DIn a world with limited land, water and other natural resource
21、s（资源）, the harm from the traditional business model is on the riseActually, the past decade has seen more and more forests disppearing and the globe becoming increasingly warmPeople now realize that this unheathy situation must be changed, and that we must be able to develop in sustainable（可持续的）ways
22、That means growth with low carbon or development of sustainable productsIn other words, we should keep the healthy while using its supply of natural resourcesToday, sustainable development is a popular trend in many countriesAccording to a recent study, the global market for low-carbon energy will b
23、ecome three times bigger over the next decadeChina, for example, has set its mind on leading that market, hoping to seize chances in the new round of the global energy resolutionIt is now trying hard to made full use of wind and solar energy, and is spending a huge amount of money making electric ca
24、rs and high-speed trainsIn addition, we are also seeing great growth in the global markets for sustainable products such as palm oil（棕榈油）, which is produced without cutting down valuabe rainforestIn recent years the markets for sustainable products have grown more than 50%Governments can fully devel
25、op the potential of these new marketsFirst, they can set high targets for reducing carbon emissions（排放） and targets for saving and reusing energyBesides, stronger arrangement of public resouces like forests can also help to speed up the developmentFinally, governments can avoid the huge public expen
26、ses that are taking us in the wrong direction, and redirecting some of those expenses can accerlarate the change from the traditional model to a sustainable oneThe major challenge of this century is to find ways to meet the needs of a growing population within the limits of this single planetThat is
27、 no small task, but it offers abundant new chances for sustainable product industries41The traditional business model is harmful because of all the following EXCEPT that_Ait makes the world warmerBit consumes natural resoucesCit brings severe damage to futureDit makes growth hard to continue42What c
28、an we infer from Paragraph2?AChina lacks wind and solar energyBChina is the leader of the low-carbon marketCHigh-speed trains are a low-carbon developmentDPalm oil is made at the cost of valuable forests43To fully develop the low-carbon markets governments can_Acut public expensesBforbid carbon emis
29、sionCdevelop public resouscesDencourage energy conservation44We can learn from the last paragraph that business have many chances to _Adevelop sustainable productsBexplore new natural resouscesCmake full use of natural resouscesDdeal with the major challenge45What is the main purpose of the passage?
30、ATo introduce a new business modelBTo compare two business modelsCTo predict a change of the global marketsDTo advocate sustainable development【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文。文章阐述了传统经济发展模式给地球带来了许多危害。这种发展模式破坏了毁坏了森林、使全球气候变暖等。现在低碳、可持续的经济发展模式成为许多国家的发展主流方向。中国政府正在充分发挥潜能大力开发新的低耗能、低排放的新能源市场。41B考查细节理解。根据第一段可知：传统经济发展模式的危害是使全球
31、气候变暖、不能持续发展、给未来发展造成损失。所以B正确。42B考查推理判断。综合第二段的China, for example, has set its mind on leading that market, hoping to seize chances in the new round of the global energy resolution及段意可知：中国在绿色环保、低能减排的市场上成为领军国家。故选B。43D考查推理判断。根据First, they can set high targets for reducing carbon emissions（排放） and targets for saving and reusing energy可知选D。44A考查推理判断。根据最后一段That is no small task, but it offers abundant new chances for sustainable product industries可知选A。45D考查作者的写作意图。文章由传统经济发展模式的弊端引出可持续经济发展的模式，作者通篇阐释了可持续经济发展的模式的好处及发展方向。所以作者提倡可持续发展。