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1、高三英语阅读理解专项训练高三英语阅读理解专项训练 100(100(附答案附答案) )及解析及解析一、高中英语阅读理解一、高中英语阅读理解1阅读理解 Amazing concept images have shown what homes of the future could look like, as preparationsare made for the worlds first free from 3D-printed property ( 房产). Experts will build a house called Curve Appeal, which will be 3D-pri
2、nted off-site before beingput together on-site to create two outside walls, a roof and an inside part. These four mainsections will then be joined together.Although 3D-printed buildings have been made before, this home - to be constructed inChattanooga, Tennessee, later this year will be the first o
3、f its kind, as it will contain no regularshapes or angles. The house is the creation of the design company WATG, based in London andCalifornia. The design for Curve Appeal draws inspiration from the Case Study House program. The architects leading the program were famed for constantly pushing the li
4、mits in terms ofminimalist (极简主义 ) materials, and trying to create open-plan spaces that focused onenhancing (增强) natural light. In a written statement, a spokesman for WATG said, “Employingmany of the same modem design principles, Curve Appeal is the next evolutionary step. Itsimportant that the ar
5、chitecture and the environment work together harmoniously. The chosensite is steps away from the Tennessee River in a beautiful wooded, sunlit area.” WATG was awarded the first prize in the Freeform Home Design Challenge in 2016 and givenprize money of $ 8,000 to make its plans a reality. The compet
6、ition was aimed at architects,designers, engineers and artists. Participants were challenged to design a 600 to 800sq ft single-family home that rethinks traditional aesthetics (美学), ergonomics, construction, buildingsystems and structure.Over the last year, WATGs Chicago office has been developing
7、their design with BranchTechnology. This project is currently underway, working towards breaking ground later this year.Once completed, the Curve Appeal home will have open and light-filled inside living spaces.（1）From the passage we can know that Curve Apple .A. will be different from an ordinary h
8、ouseB. is the first 3D-printed buildingC. has apparent walls and a roof D. was ever built in the world（2）Where is the architect located according to Paragraph 4?A. Far away from the Tennessee River.B. In the woods near the Tennessee River.C. Between the Tennessee River and the woods.D. Next to some
9、modem architectures.（3）What does the Freeform Home Design Challenge do?A. It motivates participants to design at random.B. It emphasizes traditions rather thanmodernization.C. It sponsors competitors when necessary.D. It helps put creative ideas into practice.（4）Whats the passage mainly about?A. Wha
10、t our homes will look like in the future.B. The Freeform Home Design Challenge.C. The worlds first freeform 3D-printed house.D. The development of 3D in architecture.【答案】（1）A（2）B（3）D（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了世界上第一个免费的3D 打印房子。(1)考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Experts will build a house called Curve Appeal, which willb
11、e 3D-printed off-site before being put together on-site to create two outside walls, a roof and aninside part. These four main sections will then be joined to gether.”可知，Curve Apple 不同于一般的房子。故选 A。(2)考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“The chosen site is steps away from the Tennessee River in abeautiful wooded, sunlit ar
12、ea.”可知，建筑师住在 the Tennessee River 附近的树林里。故选B。(3)考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“WATG was awarded the first prize in the FreeformHome Design Challenge in 2016 and given prize money of $ 8,000 to make its plans a reality. Thecompetition was aimed at architects, designers, engineers and artists.” 可知，the Freeform HomeD
13、esign Challenge 有助于把创造性的想法付诸实践。故选D。(4)考查主旨大意。根据第三段中的“Although 3D-printed buildings have been made before, thishome - to be constructed in Chattanooga, Tennessee, later this year will be the first of its kind,as it will contain no regular shapes or angles.”可知，本文主要谈论的是世界上第一个免费的3D 打印房子。故选 C。【点评】本题考点涉及细
14、节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。2阅读理解 Visitors to the grounds of New College at Englands Oxford University pass under an iron gatewith the advice: Manners make the man. Even after an appropriate update to: Manners make theperson, its thought-provoki
15、ng(引人深思的)especially to todays Americans. When we think about what makes the person its more likely the degree, the job, the salary.Since when do we count manners as a measure of success?We do know that these would make life nicer, if more tolerable. However, we forget oroverlook our manners. So , it
16、 seems, does everyone elseincluding, unluckily, our children. As a university president, one of my great joys is to visit our campuses and see our students,though were separated by different generations, interests, and, of course dressing, each studenttells me something within the first few minutes
17、that we meet: whether he or she has been taughtmanners. I sense this in different ways: through her words or her gestures, in the way she listensor how he refers to friends and faculty, how she greets and says goodbye, how he responds whenan elderly person enters the room.In the absence of manners,
18、however, I make some allowances. For instance, the manyethnic(种族的)groups that students represent often have different explanations of what makesup good manners. In other cases, some students may reject what theyve learned to break fromtheir parents and be accepted by other students. Whether students
19、 are being different or openlyopposing, a recent experience I had with them tells me that theres some hope for reviving andgood manners.Good manners dont just guarantee acceptance. Good manners open doors to deeperconnections and more meaningful roles in our society. Good manners are gentle signals
20、thatshow we care about one another and allow us to relate to another person in a thoughtful waybut at a respectable distance.（1）Which of the following is seldom a mark of success to people today?A. Handsome income.B. An academic degree.C. High ranks in the officeD. Polite behavior.（2）What does the u
21、nderlined part “make some allowances” in Paragraph 4 probably mean ?A. treat the absence of manners differentlyB. reject the absence of mannersC. oppose bad manners somehowD. partly permit being in the absence of manners（3）Which of the following is the benefit by good manners?A. Good manners makes p
22、eople thoughtfulB. Good manners help deeper connections withothersC. Good manners guarantee acceptance of ourselvesD. Good manners inspire people tocare about one another【答案】（1）D（2）A（3）B【解析】【分析】本文讲述了目前社会上很少把礼貌当作成功的衡量标准，但是良好的礼仪是打开更深的关系和更有意义的角色之门，礼仪非常重要。（1）D 推理判断题。由第二段中的“When we think about what makes
23、 the person its morelikely the degree, the job, the salary. Since when do we count manners as a measure of success?”可知，我们说起一个人的成功很可能谈的是学位、工作和薪水，我们什么时候把礼貌当作成功的衡量标准呢？可推知，对今天的成功者来说礼貌的举止是很难成为成功的标志的。故选 D.（2）A 词义猜测题。根据本段中的“Whether students are being different or openly opposing”可知，作者涉及了两种学生缺乏礼貌的不同情况，所以作者此
24、处是指区别对待不礼貌的现象。故选 A.（3）B 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Good manners open doors to deeper connectionsand more meaningful roles in our society.”可知，在我们社会，良好的礼仪打开更深的关系和更有意义的角色之门。故选B.【点评】本文是一篇议论文，论述人们忽视了良好的礼仪的重要性。第一题为推理判断题，要在了解短文主旨大意及主要细节分布的基础上，对事实或证据进行分析和评价，并在准确合理分析做出符合作者写作意图的推论或判断。难点在于第二题，要根据后面的内容对其加以理解来做出选择。考生要注意弄清文章
25、主旨。3阅读理解 If you want to convince the boss you deserve a pay rise or promotion, the solution could besimple eat the same food as they do. Psychologists have discovered managers are much morelikely to instantly trust us if we choose the same dishes as them. During experiments, discussions over wages a
26、nd work conditions were much more successful ifboth sides chose to snack on the same treats. And shoppers were much more likely to buy aproduct advertised on TV by someone eating a similar food to them at the time. The reason is thought to be so - called similarity attraction theory-where people ten
27、d to likeothers who have similar tastes or habits to themselves. But this is believed to be one of the firststudies highlighting the role of food in this relationship. Researchers at Chicago University in theUS conducted a series of experiments to examine foods role in earning trust. In a test, part
28、icipants were told to watch TV - where someone pretending to be a member ofthe public praised a certain product. The volunteers were given Kit Kat bars to nibble, while theTV people ate either a Kit Kat or grapes as they talked. The results showed viewers were much more likely to express an interest
29、 in buying the productif the TV showed the other person eating a Kit Kat too.The researchers added, “Although similarity in food consumption is not a sign of whether twopeople will get along, we find consumers treat this as such. They feel more trusting of those whoconsume as they do. It means peopl
30、e can immediately begin to feel friendship and develop abond, leading to smoother transactions from the start.”Harley Street psychologist Dr Lucy Atcheson said it was already known that wearing similarclothes could instantly create trust. But this was the first report that food had the same effect.S
31、he said, “This is really interesting. It makes sense as people feel they have common ground andcan trust the other person. That means negotiations are morelikely to be successful.”（1）According to the passage, customers are likely to buy a product from a dealer who .A. has the same taste as them B. a
32、dvertises his products on TVC. reduces the price of his productsD. pays attention to the quality of his products（2）The experiments conducted by researchers at Chicago University show that .A. food plays an important role in earning peoples trustB. bosses like employees that havethe same taste as the
33、mC. people who have similar tastes to their bosss earn moreD. people have less interest inbuying products advertised on TV（3）What can be inferred from the passage?A. People who eat similar food are more likely to trust each other.B. People will get alongwith each other if they like to eat similar th
34、ings,C. The effect of wearing similar clothes hasnt been proved by researchers.D. People aremore likely to make friends with those wearing the same clothes as them.（4）Which of the following sayings can be an example of the similarity attraction theory?A. Honesty is the best policy.B. All good things
35、 come to an end.C. Birds of a feather flock together.D. Where there is a will, there is a way.【答案】（1）A（2）A（3）A（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述心理学家发现，和经理们（乃至陌生人）吃同样食物的人更容易即刻获得他们的信任。也就是谚语所说的，“人以群分物以类聚。”（1）推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句shoppers were much more likely to buy a productadvertised on TV by someone eating a simil
36、ar kind of food to them at the time. 可知，顾客很可能从味道相同的经销商那里购买产品。故答案选A。（2）细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句Researchers at Chicago University in the USconducted a series of experiments to examine foods role in earning trust.可知美国 ChicagoUniversity研究表明食物在赢得人们的信任方面起着重要的作用。故答案选A。（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段中this was the first report that
37、food had the same effect. Shesaid, “This is really interesting. It makes sense as people feel they have the common ground andcan trust the other person. Thai means negotiations are more likely to the success ful.”可知，吃相似食物的人更容易信任对方。故答案选A。（4）推理判断题。根据每条谚语的意思A. Honesty is the best policy. 诚实为上策。B. Allgo
38、od things come to an end. 天下没有不散的筵席。C. Birds of a feather flock together. 人以群分 物以类聚。D. Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者，事竟成。可知C 项符合题意。【点评】推理题的解题方法1. 抓住特定信息进行逆向或正向推理。2. 整合全文（段）信息进行推断。3. 利用语境的褒贬性进行信息推断。 4. 根据文章的结论推断作者的态度。5. 根据上下文的逻辑得出结论。6. 结合已有的知识进行推断。4阅读理解Lately a popular eight-floor bookst
39、ore in Hefei,Anhui province,has risen to fame because itbecomes the worlds first shared bookstore,in a move meant to encourage more reading amongChinese citizens. It comes to peoples attention as more than 200,000 visitors flooded the store on its first day asa shared bookstore on July 16 this year,
40、a record high since it was reopened to the public in2013.Some 4,000 books were brought home on the first day,T reported.Customers are allowed to borrow up to two books valued under 150 yuan per visit afterregistering with an app and paying the 99 yuan deposit fee（押金）. All books on sale in the bookst
41、ore are available for sharing.Returned books that are damagedare sold at a discount.The bookstore also provides a bonus for bookworms.People who finishreading 12 books in three months receive eight percent of their deposit back,and members canbe rewarded one yuan for every book read. We want to brin
42、g down the cost of reading so people could read more books,Xu Xinwei,whohelps run the bookstore,told T. Some parents buy a lot of books for their children,but they usually end up collecting dust astheir children grow up.Similarly,some popular novels for young people also fall out offashion,according
43、 to Xu.Books are more effectively circulated when theyre shared.（1）The bookstore becomes a shared one .A. to make more moneyB. to make more room for new booksC. to inspire more people to read D. to recommend new books（2）What does the underlined phrase “risen to fame” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?A.
44、Become well-known.B. Settled down.C. Broken up.D. Taken over.（3）What can we infer from the passage?A. The bookstore was once the best in Anhui province.B. The books that are sold here cantbe borrowed.C. More than 4,000 books were taken home on July 16 in 2013.D. The cost of reading can bereduced by
45、sharing the books.（4）What does the bookstore do to attract more readers?A. The bookstore encourages parents to buy more books for their children.B. The readersare allowed to borrow the books unconditionally.C. The readers who are members can receive one yuan for every book read.D. Thebookstore is co
46、nsidering offering a bonus for anyone who likes reading.【答案】（1）C（2）A（3）D（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，最近，安徽省合肥一家受欢迎的八楼书店，由于成为世界上第一家共享书店，因此鼓励更多中国公民读书。本文以此展开，主要讲述了共享书店的运营模式。（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“in a move meant to encourage more reading amongChinese citizens.”可知这个书店成为一家共享书店为了让更多的公民阅读。故选C。（2）考查词义猜测。根据第一段中 popular
47、一词，以及提到这家书店成为世界上第一家共享书店，可见这家书店应该“名声大振”。risen to fame 译为“名声大振”。故选 A.（3）考查推理判断。根据第五段中的“We want to bring down the cost of reading so peoplecould read more books,”可推知，共享图书可以降低阅读成本，这样人们可以更多的阅读。故选 D。（4）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“and members can be rewarded one yuan for everybook read.”可知，所有的阅读者都可以得到每本书一元钱的奖励。故选C。【点评】
48、本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。5阅读理解 Theres a song by the great Jamaican singer Bob Marley called So Much Trouble In The World.Marley understood that part of the reason why there are so many problems in the world is thelack of tolerance between people. The UN
49、understands this too - thats why it made Nov 16thInternational Day for Tolerance. But first of all, what is tolerance? According to French philosopher Voltaire, tolerance s theconsequence of humanity. We are all formed of frailty (脆弱) and error; let us pardon eachothers fool - that is the first law
50、of nature. Very often, people dont realize that theyre intolerant. This is because intolerance has a lot todo with ignorance. For example, the UNs campaign is in part about the treatment of females bymales. But often, the behavior of men toward women is intolerant because men dont putthemselves in t