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1、2013年北京科技大学英语翻译基础考研真题北 京 科 技 大 学2013年硕士学位研究生入学考试试题试题编号： 357 试题名称： 英语翻译基础 适用专业： 翻译（专业学位） 说明： 所有答案必须写在答题纸上，做在试题或草稿纸上无效。=一、英汉互译短语翻译（30分）Producer price index (PPI)Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)Cap and tradeMiddle income trapElectoral College Glass ceiling Engle coefficient停火协议摇摆州单位国内生产
2、总值能源消耗扩大内需高速铁路转变经济发展方式资源节约型、环境友好型社会循环经济二、将下列段落译为汉语（25分）As Chinas economy has boomed over the past 30 years, the number of young people going into private business has grown accordingly. “Diving into the sea” of commerce, or xia hai as it is known, became accepted as the way to make money and get ahe
3、ad, and interest in government jobs declined. Over the past decade, though, in an extraordinary reversal, young jobseekers have been applying in droves for government posts, even as the economy has quadrupled in size.On November 25th the national civil-service examinations will take place, and about
4、 1.4m people will sit them, 20 times more than a decade ago. Of that number, only 20,800 will be hired by government (millions more sit the equivalent provincial exams with similarly long odds of being hired). This increase is due in part to a surge in the number of university students entering an i
5、ntensely competitive market for jobsnearly 7m graduated this year, compared with 1.5m a decade ago. It is also thanks to health, pension and (sometimes) housing benefits, which are seen as generous and permanent in a society with an underfunded safety neta modern version of the unbreakable Maoist “i
6、ron rice-bowl” of state employment.三、将下列短文译为汉语（35分）China has long fretted that it lacks a great modern literary voice with international appeal. In 1917 Chen Duxiu, an influential intellectual and later founding member of the Communist Party, asked: “Pray, where is our Chinese Hugo, Zola, Goethe, Ha
7、uptmann, Dickens or Wilde?” In recent years this has developed into a full-blown “Nobel complex”. For a period in the 1980s the quest for a Nobel Prize in literature was made official policy by the party, eager for validation of its growing power and cultural clout.Now, at last, the Chinese have som
8、ething to crow about. On October 11th Mo Yan, a Chinese writer, won the 2012 prize. The Nobel committee lauded what it called the “hallucinatory realism” of his works, which mix surreal plots with folk tales and modern history.Mr Mo writes within a system of state censorship. He is widely read and r
9、espected within China. He is also a Communist Party member and vice-chairman of the state-run China Writers Association. When the Nobel award was announced, Chinese television channels interrupted their programming to announce the news. Thousands of Chinas microbloggers congratulated Mr Mo. A publis
10、her under the Ministry of Education says it was already planning to include a Mo Yan novella in a school textbook.四、将下列段落译为英语（25分）欧洲应对欧债问题走在正确的道路上，当前关键是把各项政策措施落到实处。有关国家应坚持财政整顿和结构改革的行动，巩固和扩大成效，提振各方面的信心。欧盟各国要同舟共济，形成合力，明确传递出坚决捍卫欧元和欧洲一体化成果的信号。国际社会应当更有力地支持欧方做出的种种努力，相信一个拥有雄厚经济基础和科技实力的欧洲，一定有能力、有智慧妥善应对欧债问题，
11、焕发出新的生机与活力。五、将下列短文译为英语（35分）40年前，中美两国老一辈领导人用“跨越太平洋的握手”开启了中美关系的大门，开始探索不同社会制度、历史文化、发展阶段大国的相处之道。40年来，中美关系发展的广度和深度，远远超过了当年人们的想象。中美合作将给两国和世界带来巨大机遇，中美对抗将给两国和世界带来巨大损害。无论国际风云如何变幻，无论中美两国国内情况如何发展，双方都应该坚定推进合作伙伴关系建设，努力发展让两国人民放心、让各国人民安心的新型大国关系。中国唐代诗人韩愈有两句诗：“草木知春不久归，百般红紫斗芳菲。”意思是时不我待，必须奋发进取。中美关系正面临进一步发展的机遇，同时也面临新的挑战。让我们抓住机遇，排除干扰，共同努力，走出一条相互尊重、合作共赢的新型大国关系之路。