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1、2018年福建华侨大学翻译与写作考研真题Part One: Translation. (110 points)1. Put the following words or phrases into the target language, Chinese or English. (20 points, 1 for each)1) translation coursebook 2) target version3) set phrases 4) translation studies5) the Sino-Tibetan (Language) Family6) the Sino-American
2、ties7) metaphorical use8) the Chinese characters9) subject and object10) Gone with the Wind11) 仔仔细细12) 神似13 天人合一14) 文房四宝15) 乌纱帽16) 封建社会 17) 今年八月18) 是非问（句）19) 诗歌和散文20) 基本工资2. Put the following English sentences into Chinese, paying attention to the special requirement (especially for the underlined p
3、art). (40 points, 4 points for each)21) Can you play basketball with me this afternoon? (Position: replace this phrase in your translation)22) If he has anything good to eat, he will ask me to join him. (Idiom or set phrase: use a Chinese idiom or set phrase for the first part) 23) The White Snake,
4、one of the most popular traditional Beijing operas, is based on a story handed down from the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644). (VP: use a VP, i.e., verb phrase, for the underlined part in the Chinese translation) 24) You think she will come tomorrow if it is fine. But I dont think so. (Formal change: for th
5、e second sentence use main clause plus subordinate clause like 我她 in your translation) 25) He is always saying the usual polite nothings. (Attitudinal meaning: use two or more derogative words in your translation) 26) 袭人之母也迎了出来。袭人拉了宝玉进去。(Combination: use one sentence for the two sentences)27) 人家没告诉过
6、她他姓什么，莫非是她忘了？(Voice change: use the passive voice for the underlined part)28) 在观看足球比赛之后，他有一个重要会议要参加。(Omission: omit the words underlined)29) 她登门求助。(Conversion: use PP, namely a prepositional phrase for the verb underlined)30) 他们迫不及待想弄到新闻。(Conversion: in addition to a verb, use the adjective hungry/t
7、hirsty in your translation) 3. Answer the following questions briefly. (20 points, 5 points for each)31) What does Nida mean by functional equivalence? 32) How can cultural elements be preserved in translation? 33) In translation we often encounter what are called false friends, words or phrases whi
8、ch we seem to be able to guess-translate by the components but which really mean another thing. Can you explain this by examples? 34) How do you like this ad translation?国酒茅台，相伴辉煌 (ad for Maotai liquor) Good and vigorous spirit4. Translate the paragraphs into the target language, Chinese or English.
9、 (30 points, 15 points for each)35) Beifen and weifen, as Chinese-loans, are brought in here not only because they as socio-pragmatic parametres (参数) and terms count intensely in our research, but because they are different from their English counterparts, like age/generation, and status/pay/positio
10、n respectively and easier to use in deictic comparison. Suppose A and B are contrasted, we can say, for example, As beifen is higher than Bs or A is higher than B in beifen, but we can barely say As age/generation is higher than Bs (ungrammaticality). Likewise, As weifen is higher than Bs or A is hi
11、gher than B in weifen is well-formed as a logical form, but As status/pay/position is higher than Bs, though acceptable, engenders redundancy. For both beifen and weifen, the former natural and well-formed sayings entail what is meant to mean in the latter awkward expressions, and certainly not the
12、other way around. Furthermore, as noted above, two individuals twenty years of age apart may belong to the same beifen; in contrast, two people of the same age may be zhangbei (higher beifen) and wanbei (lower beifen) respectively - e.g., as A sees it, B belongs to fathers generation, hence uncle/au
13、nt. This applies not only in a family or home but in a village or clan as well. In terms of weifen, a young person can be higher than an older person in a corporation. In an ancient Chinese court, as shown in the now popular TV play Zhenhuan Zhuan, Lady Zhens Imperial Ups and Downs), huanghou (empre
14、ss) is higher in weifen than huang guifei (highest imperial concubine next to empress), who is successively higher than guifei (higher imperial concubine), pinfei (high imperial concubine), and so on. As a result, a woman of the lowest beifen or age can happen to enjoy the highest weifen or status.3
15、6) 不知从何时起，“神马”等词语在网络流行起来。所谓的“网络流行语”一茬接一茬，它们中许多为不雅词，其趋势是这些词的宣泄程度越来越高，有时连女生也动辄“我操、屁”起来，仿佛以前的粗俗委婉语“我靠、老娘”还不过瘾。其实各种传媒甚至报纸也有泛用和滥用粗语的倾向，甚至一发不可收拾。有识之士不禁要问，我们的现代汉语口语到底怎么啦？中华民族是文明礼仪之邦，从礼记到弟子规，都是教人以礼示人、克己复礼，包括入境、入门的“问禁、问讳”，总体上“说话多，不如少”，具体情况下“言语忍，忿自泯”，“称尊长，勿呼名”，“尊长前，声要低，低不闻，却非宜”，体态语方面是“问起对，视勿移”，造访时“人问谁，对以名”。就算
16、规劝犯错父母也要“怡吾色，柔吾声”。如此这般。古人对妇女的教诲包括“四德”中的“妇言”，即要求女子言语端庄礼貌。Part Two: Writing. (40 points)37) (15 points)The charts below show US spending patterns from 1966 to 1996. Please give a title of your own and summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where re
17、levant. You should write at least 150 words. 38) (25 points)Today, it is common that TV news programmes show the images of disasters and violence to the public. Discuss the reasons and the effects on the individual and the society. Write an essay with a title of your own. Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience. Write 250 - 300 words.