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1、【精品文档】如有侵权,请联系网站删除,仅供学习与交流课程设计-城市交通管理与控制云飞街与解放路交叉口交通设计.精品文档.辽宁工业大学城市交通管理与控制 课程设计题目:云飞街与解放路交叉口交通设计院(系): 汽车与交通工程学院 专业班级: 交通工程091班 学 号: 091203026 学生姓名: 崔金垚 指导教师: 陈昕 苗晓坤 教师职称: 教授 副教授 起止时间: 2012.8.27-2012.9.7 目 录1 课程设计的目的和要求11.1课程设计的目的11.2课程设计的基本要求12 ?交叉口交通现状调查与分析12.1?交叉口简介12.2?交叉口数据调查12.2.1 ?交叉口几何数据12.2
2、.2 ?交叉口交通数据22.3?交叉口交通现状分析22.3.1?交叉口标志标线设置情况分析32.3.2?交叉口信号配时现状分析33重新设计33.1?设计思路33.2?交叉口渠化43.3?交叉口信号配时43.3.1新信号配时方案设计43.3.2新配时参数计算53.3.3新旧配时方案比较分析5参考文献5课程设计总结71 课程设计的目的和要求1.1课程设计的目的通过对锦州市具体交叉口的调查与分析,加深我们对交通信息管理与控制相关知识的深刻了解,通过实际动手操作与计算,将所学理论知识实践化。1.2课程设计的基本要求对锦州市解放路与云飞街交叉口道路管理与控制设施相关属性与参数的调查与计算,判断目前该交叉
3、口的平面设计与信号控制是否合理,在计算的基础上对交叉口进行重新优化设计。2 云飞街与解放路交叉口交通现状调查与分析2.1云飞街与解放路交叉口简介云飞街是承担锦州市南北交通的主干道,南接云飞大桥北至云飞桥洞,车流量大,目前云飞街全路段行驶车辆均采用隔离栏分离。解放路是一条东西向的主干道,双向机动车道6条,车流量较大。解放路与云飞街交叉口采用三相位信号控制,由于高峰时段车流量较大,南北方向从云飞街左转到解放路的车流量较大,但没有相应的左转信号,致使南北进口左转车辆滞留严重,另外左转车对对相直行影响严重,不仅影响直行车车速,还会打断直行车流,这一冲突问题较严重应对信号配时重新优化。2.2?交叉口数据
4、调查2.2.1 云飞街与解放路交叉口几何数据表1 交叉口几何数据表机动车道数机动车道宽非机动车道数非机动车道宽车道功能进口道车道宽解放路63.5m23m直行、左转、直右27m云飞街53.5m23m直行、左转、直右21m2.2.2 云飞街与解放路交叉口交通数据通过对解放路与云飞街交叉口的实地调查可以得到以下几方面:1)当前解放路与云飞街交交叉口车辆到达情况。当前交叉口在早高峰与晚高峰中,车流量较大,晚高峰车流量更大一些。相位设置的不合理,各进口的左转车辆都比较多,但是没有左转专用相位,导致在冲突点处行车缓慢,堵塞严重,易发生拥堵和交通事故,很多左转车只有等到绿灯变红灯,对向车流走完才能通过交叉口
5、。这导致了左转车和下一相位的车流发生冲突和堵塞。 由于东西进口只有两条车道,导致车辆排队长度过长,高峰时期出现二次排队。2)当前解放路与云飞街交交叉口信号配时情况,如表2所示。表2 解放路与云飞街交交叉口当前信号配时参数表信号周期绿灯时间红灯时间黄灯时间全红时间第一相位150s54s92s4s0s第二相位150s24s122s4s0s第三相位150s25s33s3s4s3)解放路与云飞街交交叉口各进口道直左右转弯交通量的调查,如表3、4,详情见附表。表3 解放路与云飞街交交叉口 南 进口晚高峰交通量调查表表4 解放路与云飞街交交叉口 北 进口晚高峰交通量调查表2.3?交叉口交通现状分析解放路与
6、云飞街交叉口标志标线设置情况分析解放路与云飞街交叉口现有周期时长为61s,各相位配时如图3所示。根据实际观测,目前云飞街与延安路相位的设置和渠化不是很合理,云飞街路面经过重新铺设后虽然道路状况良好,但还没有设置标线。虽然将非机动车道搬到了绿化带右边,但实际使用状况很不乐观,大部分非机动车仍然行驶在机动车道上。交叉口处的标志牌也存在缺失,需重新设置。现有两相位配时方案存在周期过短,缺少全红时间,冲突点过多等问题。现状渠化图如图4所示。图4 ?交叉口渠化图?交叉口信号配时现状分析存在的主要问题点采用两相位控制信号,直行机动车与对向左转机动车冲突严重,不利于安全。非机动车通行采用二次过街,但渠化设计
7、不够规范,非机动车通行空间过大,致使机动车通行空间太小。右转机动车行驶轨迹穿过左转自行车停车区,右转车与同向的行人和非机动车冲突严重,形成交通事故隐患。摩托车与普通机动车行驶特性不同,在交叉口区域内的混行导致相互干扰严重。进口道车道数不足,交叉口的可能通行能力不够。3重新设计3.1?设计思路采用多相位控制;在交叉口内部将非机动车通行空间压后,以增加机动车通行空间;对右转机动车进行适当控制;各进口道均设置摩托车专用通道,在机动车停车线前设置摩托车待行区;在各进口道处占用小部分非机动车道增设一机动车道。3.2?交叉口渠化根据实际观测和现有交叉口的状况,重新渠化后南北进口各有4车道,车道宽为3米,有
8、1条左转专用车道,2条直行车道和1条直右混合车道。东西进口各有3条车道,其中右转车道被施划在绿化带右边的非机动车道内,并将原来的非机动车道拓宽到5米(原宽3.8米),其中3米为机动车右转车道,2米为非机动车道,机动车道和非机动车道中间设置隔离护栏。右转车辆需提前进入绿化带右边的右转车专用车道。由于东西进口车道数太少,加上车流量较大,如设置左转车专用相位和左转专用车道,则进行配时参数计算时东西进口的设计流量比过大,无法满足设计要求。考虑到无法对进口道进行加宽,增加车道。只能采取禁左的交通管制措施,降低设计流量比,保证交叉口的畅通。因此东西进口各有2条直行车道,车道宽为3米。由于夜间车流量较少,如
9、果在夜间继续进行禁左管制,存在一定的浪费。因此建议分时段进行禁左,禁左时段可设在早7点到晚8点。新的渠化图如图5所示。图5 洛阳路与云飞街交交叉口新的渠化图3.3云飞街与解放路交叉口信号配时3.3.1新信号配时方案设计经过重新设计后,可得出现在的三相位配时已经不能满足现在的交通需求,南北方向上左转车对该交叉口的其它车流运行较为严重,因此对该交叉口采用四相位信号配时,其相位图如图5所示。西南东北b)第二相位图西南东北a)第一相位图西南东北西南东北西南东北c)第三相位图 d)第四相位图图5 新设计的相位图3.3.2新信号配时图3.3.3新配时参数计算红灯21s3s绿灯36s红灯39s绿灯18s第一
10、项位第二项位图6 新信号配时图3s1、计算高峰小时流量根据实际交叉口的西进口道的流量选择连续的1h的交通量中最大的即为高峰小时流量。根据计算的,计算,解放路为主干路,PHF的值的选择为主干路PHF=0.75。(1-1) 利用公式(1-1)计算,例如:以西进口直行道为例,大车率:根据西进口方向的车流量,选取的是30min-45min,45min-60min,60min-75min,75min-90min,四段,其位最高小时流量,高峰小时流量下其直行大车数折成标准车为25+20+17.5+22.5=85(pcu/h),该短时间内直行车辆数为146.2+149+148.9+129.1=573.2(p
11、cu/h),其大车率为同理,其他数据如表6所示表 6 人民街与重庆路交叉口流向流量汇总表进口道Qmn(pcu/h)大车率(%)qdmn(pcu/h)东直行4963661左转18811251右转10816144合计7921056西直行57315764左转12414166右转2014268合计8981198南直行5576742左转2264302右转1405186合计9231230北直行61614821左转22717303右转9615128合计93912522、各类车道通用校正系数(以西进口为例)(1)车道宽度校正: (1-2)由于西进口的左转、直行、直右三条车道的宽度都为3.5m,所以(2)坡度及
12、大车校正 (1-3)式中:G道路纵坡,下坡时取0; HV大车率,HV=0.5。西进口:左转车道:取G=0,由于只有左转车,所以HV=0.14,直行车道:取G=0,HV=0.15,直右车道:取G=0,由于车道中既有直行的大车又含有右转的大车,所以采用等排队长度原理进行计算,直行车道和直右车道采用等排队长度计算过程如下:西进口直行设计流量为764pcu/h,大车率=0.1 5,右转为268pcu/h,由等排队长度计算得每条车道的设计流量为(764+268)/2=516pcu/h, 于是直右车道中直行车为516-268=248pcu/h,大车为248*0.15=37pcu/h,所以直右车道中大车率为
13、(37+10)/516=0.09, (3)直行车校正自行车影响校正系数: (1-4)式中:自行车影响校正系数;绿初左转自行车数,辆/周期。(1-5)式中:j周期内相位数;总有效绿灯时间。由于东西方向上有左转专用相位,所以直行和直右车道校正系数(4)左转校正系数:有左转相位时不需校正;无左转专用相位时校正系数(1-6)式中:左转校正系数;对向直行车道数的影响系数;对向直行车流量,pcu/h;绿信比。由于西进口有左转相位,所以不需进行左转校正。(5)右转弯转弯半径校正系数:(1-7)式中:r转弯半径,m。.(7)自行车影响校正系数:.(8)直左校正:.(9)直行车道饱和流量:(10)直左合流校正系
14、数:.(11)直左合用车道饱和流量:.(12)直右合流校正系数:,(13)直右合用车道饱和流量:(14)东进口4.5 3;量/mh,西进口6.1 2; 量/mh,北进口3.5 1; 量/mh,南进口2.6 5; 量/mh,附表4:的详细计算过程如下:信号周期设计信号总损失时间:组成周期的全部信号相位的各个最大之和 : 最佳周期:最佳信号周期:总有效绿灯时间: 有效绿灯时间及显示绿灯时间计算各相位有效绿灯时间: 各相位显示绿灯时间:;有效率等时间: 第一想位(东西)有效绿灯时间: 第二相位(南北)有效率等时间: 第一相位显示绿灯时间:第二相位显示绿灯时间:最短路灯时间计算:第二相位:第一相位:通
15、过以上计算的数据可知理论值不符合实际情况,因此将试算周期定为70(s)重新计算如下:总有效绿灯时间: 有效绿灯时间及显示绿灯时间计算各相位有效绿灯时间: 各相位显示绿灯时间:;有效率等时间: 第一想位(东西)有效绿灯时间: 第二相位(南北)有效率等时间: 第一相位显示绿灯时间:第二相位显示绿灯时间:最短路灯时间计算:第一相位:第二相位:通过以上计算知满足要求。3.3.1新信号配时方案设计经过重新设计后,新相位方案为3相位,东西进口禁止左转。新相位图如图6所示。图6 新设计的相位图3.3.2新配时参数计算3.3.3新旧配时方案比较分析旧的配时方案:(1)相位方案单一,在一天中都使用一个相位,不符
16、合交通量随时间的变化情况。(2)两相位的方案存在众多冲突点,高峰时段堵车严重。(3)几乎没有全红时间,由于车辆在黄灯时间内继续进入交叉口,导致车辆清尾不彻底,前一相位车辆还没驶离交叉口,下一相位车辆已经进入,堵车严重,易发生交通事故。(4)各进口道车道数少,无法满足实际交通量,导致排队长度过长,高峰时期出现二次排队。新的配时方案:(1)针对早高峰,平峰,晚高峰设置了不同的相位,相位参数符合交通量随时间的变化。(2)对南北进口设置了左转专用相位,对东西进口进行了禁左的管理措施,冲突点减少,车辆不会发生拥挤、堵塞等现象。(3)对各个相位都设置了3秒的全红时间,清尾彻底,不会发生拥堵。(4)在南北进
17、口各增加了一条直行车道,在东西进口各增加了一条右转专用车道,增加了交叉口的通过能力,减少了排队长度。降低了二次排队出现的可能。参考文献陈昕,杨兆升,王海洋,等城市交通控制与诱导系统协同研究J公路交通科技,2007年4月,第24卷 第4期:12125袁伟,等我国道路交通安全形势与事故特征分析J山西交通科技,2004,6(3):62European CommissionWhite PaperEumpeaIl TraIlsport Policy for 2010:time to decideItaly,2001高中岗中国城市规划制度及其创新D同济大学博士学位论文,2007,1袁伟,等我国道路交通安全
18、形势与事故特征分析J山西交通科技,2004,6(3):62课程设计总结课程设计任务及评语院(系):汽车与交通工程学院 教研室:交通工程学 号091203004 学生姓名孙义柱专业班级交通工程091课程设计题目 云飞街与解放路交叉口交通设计课程设计任务本课程设计对锦州市云飞街与解放路交叉口进行交通设计,要求学生根据实际交通调查数据,综合考虑交叉口的几何特征和交通特性,进行交叉口渠化与配时设计。每名学生完成一个交叉口交通设计,并进行相关资料查阅,有自己的见解。交通流量调查无法一个人完成,与其他同学协同合作进行交叉口交通流量调查。在本课程设计结束时,交一份详细的课程设计说明书。说明书中应包括交叉口几
19、何信息:车道数、车道宽、车道功能, 机非分隔情况, 画交叉口渠化示意图;交通信息,车辆到达情况、各进口道饱和流率、当前信号配时;参数计算:包括流量比、绿灯间隔时间、相位损失时间、最佳周期时长、有效绿灯时长、最短绿灯时长;信号配时方案设计:设计相位相序方案,并画出相位图;配时方案的验证:通过通行能力和饱和度两方面进行验证。说明书的格式规范见课程设计指导书。完成自己的课程设计总结,总结在课程设计过程中遇到的问题,所做的工作以及收获。指导教师评语及成绩成绩: 指导教师签字: 年 月 日g an employment tribunal claimEmployment tribunals sort ou
20、t disagreements between employers and employees.You may need to make a claim to an employment tribunal if: you dont agree with the disciplinary action your employer has taken against you your employer dismisses you and you think that you have been dismissed unfairly.For more information about dismis
21、sal and unfair dismissal, seeDismissal.You can make a claim to an employment tribunal, even if you haventappealedagainst the disciplinary action your employer has taken against you. However, if you win your case, the tribunal may reduce any compensation awarded to you as a result of your failure to
22、appeal.Remember that in most cases you must make an application to an employment tribunal within three months of the date when the event you are complaining about happened. If your application is received after this time limit, the tribunal will not usually accept it.If you are worried about how the
23、 time limits apply to you, take advice from one of the organisations listed underFurther help.Employment tribunals are less formal than some other courts, but it is still a legal process and you will need to give evidence under an oath or affirmation.Most people find making a claim to an employment
24、tribunal challenging. If you are thinking about making a claim to an employment tribunal, you should get help straight away from one of the organisations listed underFurther help.If you are being represented by a solicitor at the tribunal, they may ask you to sign an agreement where you pay their fe
25、e out of your compensation if you win the case. This is known as adamages-based agreement. In England and Wales, your solicitor cant charge you more than 35% of your compensation if you win the case.If you are thinking about signing up for a damages-based agreement, you should make sure youre clear
26、about the terms of the agreement. It might be best to get advice from an experienced adviser, for example, at a Citizens Advice Bureau. To find your nearest CAB, including those that give advice by e-mail, click onnearest CAB.For more information about making a claim to an employment tribunal, seeEm
27、ployment tribunals.The (lack of) air up there Watch mCayman Islands-based Webb, the head of Fifas anti-racism taskforce, is in London for the Football Associations 150th anniversary celebrations and will attend Citys Premier League match at Chelsea on Sunday.I am going to be at the match tomorrow an
28、d I have asked to meet Yaya Toure, he told BBC Sport.For me its about how he felt and I would like to speak to him first to find out what his experience was.Uefa hasopened disciplinary proceedings against CSKAfor the racist behaviour of their fans duringCitys 2-1 win.Michel Platini, president of Eur
29、opean footballs governing body, has also ordered an immediate investigation into the referees actions.CSKA said they were surprised and disappointed by Toures complaint. In a statement the Russian side added: We found no racist insults from fans of CSKA.Age has reached the end of the beginning of a
30、word. May be guilty in his seems to passing a lot of different life became the appearance of the same day; May be back in the past, to oneself the paranoid weird belief disillusionment, these days, my mind has been very messy, in my mind constantly. Always feel oneself should go to do something, or
31、write something. Twenty years of life trajectory deeply shallow, suddenly feel something, do it.一字开头的年龄已经到了尾声。或许是愧疚于自己似乎把转瞬即逝的很多个不同的日子过成了同一天的样子;或许是追溯过去,对自己那些近乎偏执的怪异信念的醒悟,这些天以来,思绪一直很凌乱,在脑海中不断纠缠。总觉得自己自己似乎应该去做点什么,或者写点什么。二十年的人生轨迹深深浅浅,突然就感觉到有些事情,非做不可了。The end of our life, and can meet many things really
32、do?而穷尽我们的一生,又能遇到多少事情是真正地非做不可?During my childhood, think lucky money and new clothes are necessary for New Year, but as the advance of the age, will be more and more found that those things are optional; Junior high school, thought to have a crush on just means that the real growth, but over the past
33、 three years later, his writing of alumni in peace, suddenly found that isnt really grow up, it seems is not so important; Then in high school, think dont want to give vent to out your inner voice can be in the high school children of the feelings in a period, but was eventually infarction when grad
34、uation party in the throat, later again stood on the pitch he has sweat profusely, looked at his thrown a basketball hoops, suddenly found himself has already cant remember his appearance.童年时,觉得压岁钱和新衣服是过年必备,但是随着年龄的推进,会越来越发现,那些东西根本就可有可无;初中时,以为要有一场暗恋才意味着真正的成长,但三年过去后,自己心平气和的写同学录的时候,突然就发现是不是真正的成长了,好像并没有
35、那么重要了;然后到了高中,觉得非要吐露出自己的心声才能为高中生涯里的懵懂情愫划上一个句点,但毕业晚会的时候最终还是被梗塞在了咽喉,后来再次站在他曾经挥汗如雨的球场,看着他投过篮球的球框时,突然间发现自己已经想不起他的容颜。Originally, this world, can produce a chemical reaction to an event, in addition to resolutely, have to do, and time.原来,这个世界上,对某个事件能产生化学反应的,除了非做不可的坚决,还有,时间。A persons time, your ideas are al
36、ways special to clear. Want, want, line is clear, as if nothing could shake his. Also once seemed to be determined to do something, but more often is he backed out at last. Dislike his cowardice, finally found that there are a lot of love, there are a lot of miss, like shadow really have been doomed
37、. Those who do, just green years oneself give oneself an arm injection, or is a self-righteous spiritual.一个人的时候,自己的想法总是特别地清晰。想要的,不想要的,界限明确,好像没有什么可以撼动自己。也曾经好像已经下定了决心去做某件事,但更多的时候是最后又打起了退堂鼓。嫌恶过自己的怯懦,最终却发现有很多缘分,有很多错过,好像冥冥之中真的已经注定。那些曾经所谓的非做不可,只是青葱年华里自己给自己注射的一支强心剂,或者说,是自以为是的精神寄托罢了。At the moment, the sky i
38、s dark, the air is fresh factor after just rained. Suddenly thought of blue plaid shirt; Those were broken into various shapes of stationery; From the corner at the beginning of deep friendship; Have declared the end of the encounter that havent start planning. Those years, those days of do, finally
39、, like youth, will end in our life.此刻,天空是阴暗的,空气里有着刚下过雨之后的清新因子。突然想到那件蓝格子衬衫;那些被折成各种各样形状的信纸;那段从街角深巷伊始的友谊;还有那场还没有开始就宣告了终结的邂逅计划那些年那些天的非做不可,终于和青春一样,都将在我们的人生中谢幕。Baumgartner the disappointing news: Mission aborted. r plays an important role in this mission. Starting at the ground, conditions have to be very
40、 calm - winds less than 2 mph, with no precipitation or humidity and limited cloud cover. The balloon, with capsule attached, will move through the lower level of the atmosphere (the troposphere) where our day-to-day weather lives. It will climb higher than the tip of Mount Everest (5.5 miles/8.85 k
41、ilometers), drifting even higher than the cruising altitude of commercial airliners (5.6 miles/9.17 kilometers) and into the stratosphere. As he crosses the boundary layer (called the tropopause),e can expect a lot of turbulence.The supersonic descent could happen as early as Sunda.The weatheThe bal
42、loon will slowly drift to the edge of space at 120,000 feet ( Then, I would assume, he will slowly step out onto something resembling an Olympic diving platform.Below, the Earth becomes the concrete bottom of a swimming pool that he wants to land on, but not too hard. Still, hell be traveling fast,
43、so despite the distance, it will not be like diving into the deep end of a pool. It will be like he is diving into the shallow end. Skydiver preps for the big jumpWhen he jumps, he is expected to reach the speed of sound - 690 mph (1,110 kph) - in less than 40 seconds. Like hitting the top of the wa
44、ter, he will begin to slow as he approaches the more dense air closer to Earth. But this will not be enough to stop him completely.If he goes too fast or spins out of control, he has a stabilization parachute that can be deployed to slow him down. His team hopes its not needed. Instead, he plans to
45、deploy his 270-square-foot (25-square-meter) main chute at an altitude of around 5,000 feet (1,524 meters).In order to deploy this chute successfully, he will have to slow to 172 mph (277 kph). He will have a reserve parachute that will open automatically if he loses consciousness at mach speeds.Even if everything goes as planned, it wont. Baumgartner still will free fall at a speed that wo