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1、2020 年高考英语模拟试题及答案（十）第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AKQED is a Public Broadcasting Service station in California, US. The station isowned by Northern California Public Broadcasting. Some of its radio programs are asfollows:The CoolerAs one of th
2、e most popular programs among young listeners, the Cooler is apodcast (博客) about pop culture stories and music, presented in a smart, fun andpersonal way. Come and join us on our journey.Time: MON-THU, 8 pm9 pm. Here & NowA live production, in cooperation with stations across the country, Here & Now
3、reflects the world of news as its happening in the middle of the day, with timely,in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin YoungTime: MON-THU, 11am1 pm Mind ShiftThe Mind Shift podcast explores the innovations (创新) in education that areshaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Kat
4、rina Schwartz introduce listeners toeducators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways toimprove how kids learn. They cover topics like how teachers are developing surprisingmethods to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts is helping kidsdevelop readi
5、ng skills.Time: THU-SUN, 7 pm9 pm Living on EarthLiving on Earth is a weekly news and information program about the worldschanging environment, ecology, and human health. If theres something new aboutclimate change, environmental politics or environmental quality and human health,you can count on Ho
6、st Steve Curwood and the LOE public radio news team to keepyou up to date.Time: WED, 9 am10 am1. At what time can the audience enjoy pop culture stories?A. Tuesday, 8 pm9pm.B. Wednesday, 9 am10 am.C. Friday, 8 pm9pm.D. Sunday, 7pm9pm.2. From which radio program can listeners pick up news at noon?A.
7、The Cooler.B. Here & Now.C. Mind Shift.D. Living on Earth.3. Which of these topics might be covered in Living on Earth?A. Education policies.B. Economic problems.C. Human population.D. Global warming.【答案】1. A2. B3. D【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了美国加利福尼亚的公共广播服务中心 KQED的节目，包括节目内容、播出时间等。1. 细节理解题。根据文中“The Cooler”这一
8、部分提到“As one of the most popularprograms among young listeners, the Cooler is a podcast（博客）about pop culturestories and music,”the cooler 是关于流行音乐的节目，其播出时间为周一至周四，根据题目要求，A 项符合题意，故选 A。2. 细节理解题。文章“Here & Now”部分提到该节目播出时间为周一至周四，上午 11 点至下午 1 点，B 项符合题意，故选 B。3. 细节理解题。文章“Living on Earth”部分提到“Living on Earth is
9、 a weekly news andinformation program about the worlds changing environment, ecology, and humanhealth.”该节目是关于全球环境、生态、人类健康等方面。D 项符合题意，故选 D。BIn the trailer ( 拖 车 式 房 屋 ) ， Sischo was refreshing the snails ( 锅 牛 ）accommodations-anongoing routine that takes days of careful work. He hadfound a dozen of A
10、chatinella bulimoides-a third of the worlds population of thespecies. Once every individual was accounted for, he cleaned the cage and packed innew leaves. The work took much trouble, but the responsibility, he said, was like “aheavy weight sitting on you.”The trailer is very vulnerable. It s design
11、ed to keep away would-be thieved, and toresist hurricanes. But a fire could easily destroy it, or a disease could sweep through it.Last September , a mystery pathogon （病原体） appeared to have entered the trailer onleaves fed to the snails, killing almost an entire species. As sad as the event was, the
12、res no good way to insure against future catastrophe. The snails cant simply be spreadamong zoos or other facilities: they need special equipment, experienced handlers,and a diet of native Hawaiian plants.Consequently, it can be hard for the snails minders to relax, even when they areoutside the tra
13、iler. “How do you switch off when your decisions mean existence orextinction? Sischo said. While action lightens the burden, yet with animals whosenatural history is largely unknown, that action can be dangerous. If you do it wrong,the snails die.”Snails are neither intelligent nor beloved. Sischos
14、friends sometimes tease himabout being the strange snail guy ; strangers ask why he cares. Its hard to convincepeople, but he insists that if he can just get them in the trailer, they will understandwhy the Achatinella bulimoides are worth saving. People melt, he said“When youshow them that the enti
15、re population is in this chamber, it hits them.4. What is the trailer used for?A. Accommodating guestsB. Sheltering snailsC. Planting vegetables.D. Alarming thieves.5. What does the underlined word “vulnerable mean in paragraph?A. Quite.B. Safe.C. Easily affected.D. Well protected.6. What is the sna
16、il minders attitude towards their job?A. Relaxed.B. Confident.C. CautiousD. Disapproving7. Which of the following could be the best title for the text?A. The Last of Its KindB. The Worst of TimesC. Mourn Its LossD. Resist Possible Dangerous【答案】4. B5. C6. C7. A【语篇解读】本文为说明文。主要说明为了拯救濒临灭绝的蜗牛物种，人类为它们制作了特
17、殊的设备-拖车式房屋，经验丰富的驯养员和夏威夷本地植物的饮食，这些都有益于蜗牛的保护。4. 推理判断题。根据第二段的内容“The trailer. Its designed to keep away would-bethieved, and to resist hurricanes. But a fire could easily destroy it, or a disease couldsweep through it. .As sad as the event was, theres no good way to insure againstfuture catastrophe. The
18、 snails cant simply be spread among zoos or other facilities:they need special equipment.”可知，拖车房屋很脆弱。它的设计是为了避免可能被盗，抵御飓风。但是火灾很容易摧毁它，或者疾病可以席卷它。.，但没有好的办法来防止未来的灾难。蜗牛不能简单地在动物园或其他设施中生存：它们需要特殊的设备.。这个特殊的设备就是 the trailer。由此可知，这个和 the trailer 是给蜗牛住的房子，是收容蜗牛，为其遮风挡雨的。分析选项可知，故 B 项符合题意。5. 猜测词义题。根据划线词 The trailer
19、is very vulnerable 后的内容 “ Its designed tokeep away would-be thieved, and to resist hurricanes. But a fire could easily destroy it,or a disease could sweep through it. Last September , a mystery pathogen appearedto have entered the trailer on leaves fed to the snails, killing almost an entire species
20、.”拖车房屋的设计是为了防止潜在的盗窃，并抵御飓风。但是一场火灾可以轻易地摧毁它，或者一种疾病可以席卷它。由此可推断出，这种拖车房屋很容易被火烧，疾病可摧毁它，所以它是易受其他因素影响的。故选 C。6. 推理判断题。根据第三段 it can be hard for the snails minders to relax, even whenthey are outside the trailer. “How do you switch off when your decisions meanexistence or extinction? yet with animals whose natu
21、ral history is largely unknown,that action can be dangerous. If you do it wrong, the snails die.”蜗牛的看护人员即使在拖车房外也很难放松.“你的决定会影响它们的生存或毁灭，你怎么能不担心呢？”但对于自然基本一无所知的动物来说，这种行动可能是危险的。如果你做错了，蜗牛就会死。由此可知，蜗牛看护者对待他们的态度是谨慎小心的。分析选项 A. Relaxed.放松的；B. Confident自信的；C. Cautious 谨慎小心的；D. Disapproving 反对的。可知 C 项符合题意，故选 C。7
22、. 主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“. He had found a dozen of Achatinella bulimoides -athird of the worlds population of the species”一天他发现了 12 种蜗牛，占世界蜗牛总数的三分之一。第二段中的“Last September , a mystery pathogon（病原体）appeared tohave entered the trailer on leaves fed to the snails, killing almost an entire species.”去年 9 月,一个谜似的 (病
23、原体进入了拖车中蜗牛吃的树叶, 几乎杀死整个物种。第三段中的“How do you switch off when your decisions mean existence or extinction?” Sischosaid。 “你的决定会影响它们的生存或毁灭，你怎么能不担心呢？你的决定会影响它们的生存或毁灭，你怎么能不担心呢？”由此可推断出：这种蜗牛的数量极少，也就是说“这种物种最后的几条蜗牛“。分析选项可知 A 项“这种物种最后的几条蜗牛”为短文最佳标题。故选 A。CFood experts say washing could spread the germs on your turk
24、ey in the kitchensink or nearby food. But its been a challenge trying to convince cooks to stop rinsing（冲洗）off raw poultry. Germs that can make people sick are common in the guts ofhealthy poultry and are legally allowed to be on raw turkey and chicken. Theassumption is that nobody eats their poultr
25、y raw, and that thorough cooking will killthe bacteria.The do not wash raw poultry advice from the USDA is relatively new andperhaps hasnt caught on because it goes against the common belief that washingmakes things clean, said Chapman. Benjamin Chapman, a study author and foodsafety expert at North
26、 Carolina State University, said the instinct to wash raw poultrygoes back at least decades when people relied more on visual clues to spot problemswith poultry. Meanwhile, washing hands and surfaces are also important.But food preparation is a complicated act, and germs from poultry can be spreadev
27、en if its not washed, especially when birds are removed from packaging.The USDA-funded study stresses that point. Researchers sprayed raw chicken witha harmless strain of E. coli （大肠杆菌）and watched volunteer cooks at test kitchens.Among those who washed their raw chicken, about a quarter ended up spr
28、eading thebacteria to their lettuce. But even some of those who did not rinse the chicken gotgerms on the lettuce. And there are other opportunities for germs to survive onturkeys: melting and cooking.To ensure a bird is thoroughly cooked, they say to use a thermometer to checkthat the deepest and t
29、hickest parts of it have reached 165 degrees. Even after themeal is cooked, you arent out of the danger zone. To keep turkeys and other leftoverssafe, experts say they should be refrigerated after two hours.8. People dont accept USDAs advice because_.A. the advice is relatively newB. cleaning seems
30、more trustworthyC. cooks clean the turkey before cooking itD. heat can kill most germs and no one eats raw food9. What can be concluded from Paragraph 4?A. Food packages carry germs.B. Hands and surfaces are easy to get E. coli.C. Germs from a turkey can be spread whether it is washed or not.D. Mult
31、iple methods should be applied to food to get rid of germs.10. Which way may help to cook a turkey safely?A. Rinse off the turkey before it is heated.B. Keep the turkey away from the lettuce and refrigerator.C. Wash hands and packages before taking out the turkey.D. Use a thermometer to check the te
32、mperature of the turkey.11. From which section of a magazine is the text probably taken?A. Culture.B. Science.C. Education.D. Medicine.【答案】8. B9. C10. D11. B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了食品专家说清洗可能会在厨房水槽或附近的食物中传播火鸡身上的细菌，但美国农业部的研究强调无论是否被清洗，火鸡身上的细菌都会传播，同时指出用温度计检查火鸡的温度有助于安全地烹饪火鸡。8. 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The do not wash raw
33、 poultry advice from theUSDA is relatively new and perhaps hasnt caught on because it goes against thecommon belief that washing makes things clean, said Chapman.”可知，查普曼说，美国农业部提出的“不清洗生禽”的建议相对较新，但可能还没有流行起来，因为这违背了人们普遍认为的“清洗可以使东西干净”的观念，由此可知，人们不接受美国农业部的建议是因为清洗似乎更值得信赖，故 B 项正确。9. 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Among those
34、 who washed their raw chicken, about aquarter ended up spreading the bacteria to their lettuce. But even some of those whodid not rinse the chicken got germs on the lettuce. And there are other opportunitiesfor germs to survive on turkeys: melting and cooking.”可知，在那些清洗生鸡肉的人中，约四分之一的人最终将细菌传播到生菜上， 但即使是
35、一些没有清洗鸡肉的人， 生菜上也有细菌，火鸡身上的细菌还有其他生存的机会：融化和烹饪，由此可知，不管火鸡是否被清洗，它身上的细菌都会传播，故 C 项正确。10. 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“To ensure a bird is thoroughly cooked, they say touse a thermometer to check that the deepest and thickest parts of it have reached 165degrees.”可知，为了确保一只家禽被彻底煮熟，他们说要用温度计检查它最深和最厚的部分是否达到 165 度，由此可知，用温度计检查火鸡
36、的温度有助于安全地烹饪火鸡，故 D 项正确。11. 推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了食品专家说清洗可能会在厨房水槽或附近的食物中传播火鸡身上的细菌，但美国农业部的研究强调无论是否被清洗，火鸡身上的细菌都会传播，同时指出用温度计检查火鸡的温度有助于安全地烹饪火鸡，这属于科学范畴，因此这篇文章最有可能出自于杂志的科学版块，故 B 项正确。DThe new garbage sorting regulation has taken effect in Shanghai starting July 1.Many citizens are still confused about the clas
37、sification of the four different types oftrash. Thankfully, authorities have released an official guideline to explain the newrules.The guideline, published by the Shanghai Greenery and Public Sanitation Bureau,provides a rather clear definition on the four kinds if waste: recyclable waste, harmfulw
38、aste, household food waste and residual (剩余) waste.A team from the U. K.s National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine examined14 lean and overweight men and analyzed their metabolic (新陈代谢) health. Theparticipants were either assignedHarmful waste, as the name suggests, includes various poisonous
39、 materials likeused batteries, light bulbs, out-of-date medicines, paint and pesticides.Household food waste which is translated to wet trash” in Chinese refersto food leftovers, rotten food, pet food, fruit peels, remains of TCM herbs (中药) andflowers.Paper, plastic, glass, metal and textiles (纺织品)
40、are counted as recyclable waste.The definition of residual waste is a little confusing. Anything that is not listedabove belongs to this category.As specific as the new guideline is, residents still have a hard time sorting trashcorrectly and are finding it challenging to memorize them all. For inst
41、ance, bothplastic bottles and bubble tea or coffee cups are plastic materials. However, theformer falls to the category of recyclable waste and the latter belongs to residualwaste. To save the hassle, some netizens have come up with their own way to sorttrash.We should do this from a pigs angle, com
42、mented one netizen. Those edible (可食用 ) for pigs are household food waste. Those even pigs dont want to eat areresidual waste. If a pig consumes something and dies of it, then something must beharmful waste. Those that can be sold and the money we gain can be used topurchase pigs are recyclable wast
43、e.The new regulation came into effect on July 1. Those who do not sort their trashproperly will be fined RMB200.12. What do the old coats that you want to throw away belong to?A. Harmful waste.B. Wet trash.C. Recyclable waste.D. Residual waste13. What is the common point of wet trash?A. They can be
44、broken down easily. B. They all come from plants.C. They all have bad smells.D. They all have poisonous materials.14. What is the tone of the netizen like?A. Serious.B. Humorous.C. Delightful.D. Uncertain.15. What does the passage mainly talk about?A. The four sorts of garbing are forbidden in Shang
45、hai.B. Shanghai garbage sorting enforcement begins.C. people are still confused about garbage sorting.D. The netizens in Shanghai support the garbage sorting policy.【答案】12. C13. A14. B15. B【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了上海垃圾分类政策的规范，包括有害垃圾、可回收垃圾、湿垃圾等的分类规范。12. 细节理解题。由文中 Paper, plastic, glass, metal and textiles (
46、纺织品) are counted asrecyclable waste.可知，old coats 是可回收利用的废品。由此可知，C 项符合题意，故选 C。13. 细节理解题。 文中第五段提到 “Household food waste which is translated to wettrash”in Chinese refers to food leftovers, rotten food, pet food, fruit peels,remains of TCM herbs (中药) and flowers.”厨余垃圾也可被称作湿垃圾，其中包括一些水果皮、中药渣、花等等，由此可知这类垃圾
47、都能够轻易被破坏，故选 A。14. 推理判断题。根据“We should do this from a pigs angle,”可知，网民是用一种调侃的口气来说的。A. Serious.严肃的，B. Humorous.幽默的，C. Delightful.令人愉快的，D.Uncertain.犹豫不决的。由此可知，B 项符合题意，故选 B。15. 主旨大意题。文章第一段介绍了上海实行的垃圾分类政策，紧接着又对各项垃圾进行了具体阐述，由此判断本文主要介绍了上海正在实行垃圾分类。故选 B。第二节 （共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
48、选项中有两项为多余选项。While most people feel lonely now and then, it usually only lasts between a fewminutes and a few hours. 51.Psychologists are studying this complex phenomenon,and have identified three different types of loneliness.The first kind of loneliness is temporary.52.The second kind, situationall
49、oneliness, is a natural result of a particular situation-for example, a family problem,the death of a loved one, or moving to a new place. Although this kind of lonelinesscan cause physical problems, it usually does not last for more than a year. The thirdkind of loneliness is the most severe.53.Peo
50、ple who experience chronic（慢性的）loneliness have many problems socializing and becoming close to others.Unfortunately, many chronically lonely people think there is little or nothing they cando to improve their conditions.54. We depend on various people for different reasons. For instance, our familie