英语介词等的用法大全.docx

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1、精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -英语介词 in 、on 、at等的用法大全“ 表时间的介词 at 、on 、in 究竟怎么用? ”,今日接着跟大家共享这三个介词表时间的用法。一、at1、表示时刻,即几点几分(with particular points on the clock)Ill see youat five oclock . (我五点和你见面。)2、表示一天中的某个时间段(with particular points in the day)The helicopter took offat middayand headed fo

2、r the island.(直升机中午起飞,飞往那个岛屿。)3、表示一周中的某个时间段,即工作日(weekday )和周末( weekend)(with particular points in the week)What are you doingat the weekend.4、表示某种特别场合,如名字中不含day 的节假日( with special celebrations)At the New Year, millions of people travel home to be with their families(到了新年,成百上千万的人会回到家里和家人团圆。)例外情形: 假如是

3、说在生日那天,不用at ,而用 on ,由于生日那天是指具体日期,请往下参考on的用法。【留意】可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 11 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -假如是用 what time来提问, what time前面一般不用 at 。如: What time are you leaving.(你几点走?)但是在口语中也可以这么问:At what time are y

4、ou leaving.二、on1、用在日期前( with dates)We moved into this houseon 2 October 1997. (我们是 1997年 10 月 2 日搬进这栋房子的。 )2、用在星期的单数前( with a singular day of the week to refer to one occasion)Ive got to go to Londonon Friday. (我周五就到伦敦了。)3、用在星期的复数前( with a plural day of the week to refer to repeated events)The offic

5、e is closedon Fridays. (办公室周五是关门的。)特别情形: 口语中有时会省略on ,如: Do you workSaturdays. (你周六上班的吗?)4、用在特别日子前( with special dates)What do you normally doon your birthday. (你生日那天一般都做些什么?)三、in1、用在一天中的某个时间段前,一般为固定用法(with parts of the day)Ill come and see youin the morningfor a cup of coffee.(我上午来看你,一起喝杯咖啡。)2、用在月份前

6、( with months)可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 11 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -We usually go campingin July or August. (我们常在 7 月或 8 月份去露营。)3、用在年份前( with years)The house was builtin 1835. (这座房子是 1835年造好的。)4、用在季节前( with s

7、easons)The garden is wonderfulin the springwhen all the flowers come out.(春天里,当全部的花儿都开放时,花园很美丽。)5、用在较长的时间段前(with long periods of time)The population of Europe doubledin the nineteenth century.(十九世纪时期,欧洲人口翻了一倍。)6、用在一段时间前面(to say how long it takes someone to do something)He was such a clever musician.

8、 He could learn a songin about five minutes. (他是个很聪慧的音乐家,他可以在约5 分钟内学会一首歌。)7、用在“in+ 一段时间 +s+time”结构中,表示将来时间, 如 in a year s time和 in two monthstime ( with -s construction to say when something will happen)I won t say goodbye because well be seeing each other againin three days time . (我不跟你辞别了,由于三天后我们就

9、会再见面的。)【留意】上面这句话中的in three days time也可以用 in three days。留意对比下面这个句子:He ran the marathonin six hours and 20 minutes.(他在马拉松竞赛中用时6 个小时 20 分钟。)可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 11 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -四、特别情形1、at or on.

10、当笼统指代假期或周末时,用at 。当特指某个具体的假期或周末时,用on 。如:We never go awayat the New Yearbecause the traffic is awful.(新年我们从不出门,由于路上太堵了。)On New Years Day , the whole family gets together.(在元旦那天, 整个家人会团圆在一起。 ) Ill go and see my motherat the weekendif the weathers okay.(周末假如天气好,我会去探望我母亲。)The folk festival is always held

11、on the last weekend in July.(这个民间节日总是在7 月的最终一个周末举办。)留意:美语里用的更多的是:on the weekend。2、in or on.当要表示笼统表示一天中的时间段morning、afternoon、evening和 night时,一般用 in ,而且后面要加定冠词the 。当表示具体某个时间段时,要用on 。如:I always work bestin the morning. I often get tiredin the afternoon.(我上午的工作效率总是最好的,下午常常觉得疲惫。)The ship left the harbour

12、on the morning of the ninth of November. (轮船在 11 月 9 日的早上离开了港口。)In the eveningthey used to sit outside and watch the sun going down.(他们过去常常在傍晚坐在外面看日落。)It happenedon a beautiful summers evening. (这件事情发生在一个美丽的夏日傍晚时分。)可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 11 页 - - - - - - - - - -

13、可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -【留意】对于 night ,假如是笼统的讲,就用at night,中间不插入任何成分。假如是特指某个夜晚,一般用in the night。如:I was awakein the night, thinking about all the things that have happened.(夜里我醒了过来,始终想着发生的事情。) It s not safe to travelat night, the officer said.(警官说道:“夜里出行担心全。”)3、at t

14、he end or in the end.at the end后面一般要接 of ,表示“在 .末”。 in the end一般作为固定短语,后面不再接成分,表示“最终”。如:At the endof the film, everyone was crying.(电影快终止时,每个人都在哭。)I looked everywhere for the book but couldn t find it, soin the endI bought a new copy.(我处处找书,但仍是找不到,所以最终就买了本新的了。)4、at the beginning or in the beginning.

15、与 end 的用法相像, at the beginning后面一般要接 of ,表示“在 .开头”。 in the beginning一般作为固定短语,后面不再接成分,表示“刚开头”。如:At the beginningof every lesson, the teacher told the children a little story.(每节课一开头,老师都会给孩子们讲个小故事。)In the beginning, nobody understood what was happening, but after she explainedeverything very carefully,

16、 things were much clearer.(一开头,大家都不知道发生了什么事情,但是经过她认真说明之后,一切都明白了。)可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 11 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -5、不用 at 、on 、in 的情形假如时间前面有each 、every,next、last 、some 、this 、that 、one 、any 和 all 等词时,就不用

17、表时间的介词了。如:He plays footballevery Saturday. (他每周六都踢足球。)Are you free at two oclocknext Monday. (你下周二两点有空吗?)Last summerwe rented a villa in Portugal.(去年夏天,我们在葡萄牙租了一栋别墅。)表的点的介词 at 、on 、in 究竟怎么用?一、at1、用在表示的域面积不大的某个点的的方(如饭桌旁、电影院、车站、机场等)前(to refer to a position or location which we see as a point)I was sit

18、tingat my desk. 当时我正坐在课桌旁。 2、用在公司名称(侧重表达的是工作的单位,而不是工作的点)前(to talk about locations at companies, workplaces when we see them as a place of activity)How many people are workingat Microsoft. 有多人在微软工作? 3、用在许多人参加的活动场合前(to refer to activities which involve a group of people)Were youat Lisa s party/the cin

19、ema/the theatre. 你当时在丽莎的聚会上/ 电影院里 / 剧院里吗? 可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 11 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -4、用在学校前( with school/college/university)She always did wellat school. 她在学校表现始终很好。 5、用在具体的址、某人家里前(to refer to an

20、address or someones houseThey once livedat number 12 South George s Street. 他们曾经住在南乔治街12 号。6、用在公共服务场所( to talk about public places where we get treatments, such as a hairdresser s or doctors surgery )I can t meet at four. I ll beat the hairdressers until five. 四点我无法跟你碰面。我在美发店要呆到五点。 7、用在大部分商店前( to re

21、fer to most shops)Look what I boughtat the butchers today. 看看我今日在肉店都买了些什么。8、用在旅途中经过的的点前(to refer to a place which is a part of our journey)We stopped at a very nice village. 我们途经一个很美丽的村庄。9、用在不含 day 的节假日前( to refer to a holiday without“day ” in its name)People will always enjoy a big dinner at Christ

22、mas. 人们在圣诞节总会享用一顿大餐。【特别用法】at home - at work-at the seaside - at sea on a voyage - at reception - at the corner of a street - at the back / front of a building / group of people, etc. - arrive at small places or some events可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 7 页,共 11 页 - - - - - -

23、- - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -二、on 1、用在任何物体或的点的表面前(to refer to a position on any surface) I know I left my walleton the table. 我知道我把钱包落在桌子上了。2、用在道路和河海湖前 (to describe a position along a road or river or by the sea or by a lake)Dublin isonthe east coast of Ireland

24、. 都柏林位于爱尔兰的东部海岸。3、用在建筑物的楼层前(to talk about a floor in a building)They liveon the 15th floor. 他们住在 15 楼。4、用在公共交通工具前(to talk about being physically on public transport)I was onthe train when she phoned. 她给我打电话时,我在火车上。留意: 当我们描述旅行时挑选的交通工具时,一般用by ,如: He went to Paris by air. 他坐飞机去了巴黎。 但是,假如要表达走路,就用on foot

25、。5、用在小岛前( with small islands)She spent her holiday on a small island. 她在一个小岛上度的假。【特别用法】on the left - on the right - on the way - on holiday - on the radio - on television - on a horse- on the back / front of a letter / piece of paper etc.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 8 页,共 1

26、1 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -三、in1、用在某个的方的内部前(to talk about locations within a larger area)I know my book is somewherein this room. Can anyone see it. 我知道我的书就在这个房间的什么的方。有谁看到吗?2、用在物理意义上的工作的点前(to talk about workplaces when we see them as a physica

27、l location)She worksin an open-plan office. 她在一个开敞式的办公室里工作。留意: 当表示农场( farm )时,一般用 on ,如: Ive always wanted to work on a farm. 我始终想在农场里工作。 3、用在 class 前( with class)He found it difficult to concentratein class. 他觉得很难在课上集中留意力。4、用在国家、城市、县镇或其他的域前 (with countries, cities, counties, towns or places as such

28、 They live in New York. 他们住在纽约。 【特别用法】in the newspaper - in bed - in hospital - in prison - in the street - in the sky - in an armchair sit - in a photograph - in a picture - in a mirror - in the corner of a room - in the back / front of a car - arrive in a country or town可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资

29、料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 9 页,共 11 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -图解新概念英语语法之介词介词作为全部词类中使用面较广的词类,在用法上较难归类,由于介词许多时候都是由于商定俗成,跟形容词、副词和动词等形成了诸多固定的搭配用法,很难找出规律性的内容, 所以对于学习者来说,介词的学习和把握更多的是要靠不断的识记和积存。1 表时间1.1 in表示较长时间,如世纪、朝代、时代、年、季节、月及一般(非特指)的早、中、晚等。如:in t

30、he 20th century, in the 1950s, in 1989, in summer, in January, in the morning, in ones life , in one s thirties。1.2 on表示具体某一天及其早、中、晚。如:on May 1st, on Monday, on New Years Day, on a cold night in January, on a fine morning, on Sunday afternoon等。1.3 at 表示某一时刻或较短暂的时间,或泛指圣诞节,复活节等。如:at 3:20, at this time

31、 of year, at the beginning of, at the end of, at the age of, at Christmas, at night, at noon, at thismoment等。1.4 在 last, next, this, that, some, every等词之前一律不用介词。如:They go to school every day from Monday to Friday.2 表的点2.1 表方位的 in, on, to 。in 表示“在内”,on 表示“与相邻”,to 表示“在之外,又不相邻” 。2.2 表在某的的 at, in, on 。a

32、t 表示较小的的点, in 表示较大的的方, on 表示在一个平面上。3 表方式可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 10 页,共 11 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -3.1 by表用某种方法、手段或泛指某种交通工具。如:by bus 。例外情形: on foot。3.2 with表示某种工具、手段,一般接具体的工具和手段。 如:She broke the table with a hamm

33、er.3.3 in表示用某种方式,用某种语言(语调、笔墨、颜色)等。如:She is in red today。4 表所属关系4.1 of表示“属于的”,表示数量或种类。如:Here is a cup of tea for you.4.2 from表示“是哪里人”以准时间或时间的起点来自。如:Where are you from.4.3 about表示关于等。如: I know nothing about him.5 其他用法5.1 常见的固定短语: in a minute一会儿、马上。 in a short while一会儿、不久。 in a hurry匆忙忙忙。 in danger在危急中。 in full全部的、具体的。 in a word一句话。 in all总共。 in every case不管怎样。 in the end最终。 in spite of尽管。 in person亲自。 in fact事实上。 in good health身体健康的。 in front of在前面。in some ways在某些方面。 in common共同的。 in public当众可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 11 页,共 11 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载

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