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1、精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -学习好资料欢迎下载初二英语被动语态专练一、被动语态概述语态是动词的一种形式，用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。英语的语态共有两种：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承担者。被动语态是动词的一种特别形式，一般来说， 只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。汉语往往用 “被”、“受”、“给”等词来表示被动意义。如： He opened the door. 他打开了这扇门。（主动语态）The door was opened.这扇门被打开了。（被动语态）二、被动语态的构成
2、被动语态由 “助动词 be+ 及物动词的过去分词 ”构成。被动语态的时态变化只转变be 的形式，过去分词部分不变。疑问式和否定式的变化也如此。1、初二被动语态的时态较常见的六种，现以动词 clean 为例列表说明：2、被动语态的句式变化：以一般现在时和动词invite 为例，列表说明被动语态的句式变化：3、含有情态动词的被动语态情态动词的被动语态结构为：情态动词+be+ 过去分词。其时态及句型的变化仅由情态动词完成，“be过+ 去分词 ”部分不变。如： Tables can be made of stone.桌子可由石头制造。 Tables could be made of stone at
3、that time.那时桌子可由石头制造。 （一般过去时） Can tables be made of stone.桌子能用石头制造吗？（疑问句）三、被动语态的用法： 1、不知道或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时。如：The bridge was built last可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 16 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -学习好资料欢迎下载year.这座桥是去年建
4、造的。 He was elected chairman.他被选为主席。 2、当更加强调动作的承担者时。此时动作的执行者由by 引导置于谓语动词之后， 不需要时可以省略。如：The room hasnt been cleaned yet.房间仍没有打扫。 The tiger was killed by him.老虎被他杀死了。 3、当动作的执行者不是人时，多用被动语 态。如：The window was blown by wind.窗户被风吹开了。 The whole village has been washed away by the flood.整个村庄都被洪水冲走了。 4、表示客观的说明
5、常用 “ It is + 过去分词 ”句型。如：It is said that Lucy has gone abroad.据说露茜已经出国了。 It is believed that he is a spy. =He is believed to be a spy.大家信任他是个间谍。其它常见的 “Iits +过去分词 + that句”型仍有： It is reported that据报道 It is saidthat据说 It is believed that大家信任 It is suggested that有人建议四、主动语态变为被动语态转换图示：1、主动语态变为被动语态的步骤：1将主动句
6、的宾语变为主语：留意：假如主动句的宾语是代词，需将其由宾格变为主格。 如： Tom killed him .H e was killed by Tom.2 将动词改为 “ be+过去分词 ”。留意：They helda meeting yesterday. A meetiwas held by them yesterday.他们昨天开会了。 3 将主动语态的主语改为by放在谓语动词后 。留意：假如原主语是代词，就应由主格变为宾格。如： He sang a song. A song was sung by him.2、主动语态变为被动语态的留意事项：1 主动句中的主语假如是people, we,
7、 you, they, somebody等模糊的表示 “人们”、“大家”的单词，变 为被动句时， 通常删去 “by”，但原主语被强调时除外。如：They set up this hospital in 1975.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结hospital was set up in 1975.这所医院建于 1975 年。Only he can finish the job.只有他 能完成这项可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结工作。 The job can be finished only by him.这项工作只能由他来完成。2 含有双宾语，即直接宾语和间接
8、宾语的句子， 每个宾语都可变为被动语态的主语，即其被动语态有两种形式。但多以间接宾语作主语。如： Jack told us the truth.杰克告知了我们真相。We were told the truth by Jack. The truth was told to us by Jack.五、动词的主动形式表示被动之意以主动形式表示被动之意的动词多为连系动词，如：look ，feel ，smell 等。以下动词没有被动式：happen ，cost ，have如： An accident was happened yesterday.（ ）昨天发生了一起事故。An accident happ
9、enedyesterday. （）The flower smells sweet.这花闻起来很香。 The watch looks good.这表看起来很好。This book sells well.这本书畅销。六、各种时态的被动语态举例（以动词do 为例） 1一般现在时（ am/ is/ are +done）如：Englishis spoken by lots of people in the world.世界上的很多人都说英语。Class meeting is held every可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第
10、2 页，共 16 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -学习好资料欢迎下载Thursday.每周四都举办班会。 The classroom is cleaned by the students every day.同学们每天都打扫教室。 2一般过去时 was/ were +done如：The cup was broken by the boy.杯子被那个男孩打碎了。 He was saved at last.他最终获救了。 My bike was stolen.我的自行
11、车被偷了。 3一般将来时与过去将来时will/ shall be +done。 would/should be +done如： A speech will be given this afternoon.今日下午有一个演讲。 A new road will be built next year.明年要修一条新公路。 I thought thousands of people would be helped.我认为将有数千人得到帮忙。 4现在进行时与过去进行时am/ is/ are being +done。 was/ were being +done如： The machine was bein
12、g repaired at this time yesterday.昨天这时机器正在被修理。The problem is being discussed now.问题正在被争论。 A bus is being pushed by the passengers.路人正在推一辆公共汽车。5现在完成时 have/ has been + done如： Two hundred trees have been planted by now.到现在为止，已经种了二百棵树了。The book has been read many times by me.这本书已经被我读了很多遍了。Several soldie
13、rs have already been killed in the conflict.在冲突中已经有几名士兵被杀害。6过去完成时 had been+done如： They said they had been invited to the party.他们说他们已经被邀请参与晚会She found the house had been destroyed by the storm.她发觉房子已经被暴风雨摧残。He had been tortured by the illness for many years before he died.他在去世前已经被疾病磨练很多年了。一般现在时被动语态专
14、练（一）结构式： a. 确定句：主语 +am / is / are+动词的过去分词+by+ 人代宾格 + 其他eg .English is studied by us every day.b.否定句：主语 +am / is / are+ not+动词的过去分词+by+ 人代宾格 + 其他eg. English is not studied by us every day.c.疑问句： Is English not studied by us every day.d.特别疑问句： What/Where/When+am / is / are+主语+动词的过去分词 +其他.一把主动语态变成被动语态。
15、1. He cleans the room every Sunday.2. Farmers grow rice in the south .3. People in England speak English可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 16 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -学习好资料欢迎下载4. We play football on the playground eve
16、ry afternoon.5. Do you often watch TV at home in the evening .6. She doesn t finish her homework7. They don t read that book.8. Where do they watch basketball match every week.9. What does Tom study.10. When do you listen to music.二 把被动语态变成主动语态。1. keys are used for locking .we2. Football is played .
17、the students3. Desks are made of wood .workers4. Chinese isn t had in the classroom.the teacher5. Is this book read every day.6. Where are bikes made they.7. What is done .Lucy8. Are the pens made in the factory.you 9. English isn t spoken by people in China.10. We are given some money they.一般过去时被动语
18、态专练（二）结构式：a.确定句：主语 +was /were +动词的过去分词+by+ 人代宾格 + 其他eg .English was studied by us every day.b.否定句：主语 +was /were + not+动词的过去分词+by+ 人代宾格 + 其他可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 16 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -学习好资料欢迎下载eg. En
19、glish was not studied by us every day.c.疑问句： Was English not studied by us every day.d.特别疑问句： What/Where/When+was /were+主语+动词的过去分词 +其他.一 把主动语态变成被动语态1. We built this library last year.2. I watched TV yesterday evning.3. He passed me a book .4. She heard me sing in the next room .5. They didn t finish
20、 his homework yesterday6. Did you play football on the playground yesterday.7. Where did you fly a kite .8. When did they readthis book.9. What did you use it for .10. He asked me not to go there.二 被动语态变成主动语态。1. The baby was looked after by his mother .2. Was he given any bananas. I 3. Where were th
21、ese bikes made by workers .4. Basketball wasn t played on the playground . the students 5.Iwas heard to sing in the next room .Tom6.That tall building was built three years ago.workers 7.Were your homework finished yesterday .8.Planes weren t made in the facto加ry主. 语 可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精
22、选 - - - - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 16 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -学习好资料欢迎下载9 When were those machines produced.we10.The teachers weren t listened to by the students .一般将来时被动语态专练（三）结构式：1. a. 确定句：主语 +will/ shall + be +动词的过去分词+by+ 人代宾格 + 其他eg .English wil
23、l be studied by us next year.b.否定句：主语 +will/ shall + not +be +动词的过去分词+by+ 人代宾格 + 其他eg. English will not be studied by us next year.c.疑问句： Will English be studied by us next year.d. 特别疑问句： What/Where/When+will/ shall+主语 be + 动词的过去分词 +其它。 2 a. 确定句 : 主语+is /are / am going to+ be+动词的过去分词 +by+人代宾格 + 其他eg
24、 .English is going to be studied by us next year.b. 否定句 : 主语+is / am / are going to+ not+be +动词过去分词+by+人代宾格 + 其他eg. English is not going to be studied by us next year. c.疑问句 :Is English going to be studied by us next year.d. 特别句 What/Where/When+is/are/am+主语+ be+ 主语+动词的过去分词 +其它。一把主动语态变成被动语态：1. He wil
25、ldraw a picture tomorrow.2. We are going to clean the classroom .3. She wonwattch TV this evening.4. Are you going to cleaned the classroom this afternoon.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 16 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - -
26、-学习好资料欢迎下载5. Where are you going to play football. 6.We shan t borrow that radio.7. I am not going to see the film.二.被动语态变成主动语态。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结1. That school won t built next.2. He will be given some apples .year可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结3. Will the bike be mended by the worker . 4.Where will
27、 the factory be built.5.The book will be written by her. 6.IS he going to be passed pen by me .7. Chineses isn t going to be studied by Tom.8. Iwill be asked to see the film by teacher.现在完成时被动语态专练（四）构式:a.确定句：主语 +结 have / has + been+动词的过去分词+by+ 人代宾格 + 其他 eg .English has beenstudied by us for three ye
28、ars. b.否定句：主语 +have /has+ not+been+动词的过去分词+by+ 人代宾格 + 其他eg. English hasn t been studied by us for three years.c.疑问句 :Has English been studied by us for three years.d.特别疑问句： What/Where/When+hav /has+主语+动词的过去分词 +其他 .一把主动语态变成被动语态：1. .He has already read this book.2. I haven t seen this film.可编辑资料 - - -
29、 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 16 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -学习好资料欢迎下载3. They have finished their homework.4. How long has she watched TV. 5.Where have you seen my history book. 6.She has never played basketball.7.He has taugh
30、t English since 1990. 8.Has she washed her clothes.9.We have learnt about five hundred new words.二.被动语态变成主动语态。1. This book has already been written by luXuen .2. Her homework never been finished .3. How long has this film been seen.4. Our classroom has been cleaned by the students.5. Where has the s
31、ports meeting been held.6. The baby hasn t looked after by his moth. er7. Have your bike found by your.8. He has played this games since he was a child.9. How many rulers has he had .现在进行时被动语态专练（五）结构式：a. 确定句：主语 +is /am /are+being+动词的过去分词+by+ 人代宾格 + 其他eg .English is being studied by us nowb. 否定句：主语 +
32、is/ am /are+being + not+动词的过去分词+by+ 人代宾格 + 其他eg. English is being not studied by us now可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 16 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -学习好资料欢迎下载c.疑问句： Is English being studied by us now.c. 特别疑问句： What/W
33、here/When+is / am /are+主语+being+ 动词的过去分词 +其他一.把主动语态变成被动语态：1. He is watching TV at home now.2. She isn t looking after her baby now.3. Are they doing their homework in the classroom now. .4. Where are you listening to the music .5. What is she doing in the classroom.6. Kate is cleaning the desks .7.
34、You are speaking Chinese now .8. Tom is helping me to study English.二.被动语态变成主动语态。1. We are telling the story.2. Those buildings aren t being built by the workers3. Are you being looked after by your mother.4. What is being done by you .5. Is he being listened to by your students.6. Football is being
35、 played by them.7. Where is basketball match being had .8. Computer games aren t being playing by that boy.情态动词的被动语态专练（六）结构式：a.确定句：主语 +can/must /may+be+动词的过去分词+by+ 人代宾格 + 其他可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 9 页，共 16 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - -
36、- - - - - - - - - -学习好资料欢迎下载eg .English can be studied by us nowb. 否定句：主语 +can /must may+not +be +动词的过去分词+by+ 人代宾格 + 其他eg. English can not be studied by us nowc.疑问句 Can English be studied by us now.d.特别疑问句： What/Where/When+can/may/must+主语+be+动词的过去分词其 他.一.把主动语态变成被动语态：1. He can make some machines.2. W
37、e mustn t draw a picture on the public wall.3. Can you help me clean the blackboard.4. Where can they watch TV.5. How many desks can we mend .6. Must I finish my homework now.7. She can t answmery question.8. .What can you do .二.被动语态变成主动语态。1. These chairs may be made in China by the workers,2. May I
38、 be help to clean the windows.3. English can be used widely by people in China.4. The blackboard can t cleaned by you now.5. Where must Chinese be studied by him.6. What can be done.7. This letter must be written by her.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 10 页，共 16 页 - - - - - - -
39、 - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -学习好资料欢迎下载8. A book canbet lost by the little boy.一挑选填空1. In some countries , tea with milk and sugar.A. is servingB. is servedC. servesD. served2. Great changes in my hometown since 1980.A. have been taken placeB. took placeC. have t
40、aken placeD. were taken place3. The new type of car is going to in three years.A. turn outB. be turned outC. has turned outD. have been turned out4. The woman murdered her friend and to .A. was sentenced , deathB. sentencing , dieC. sentenced , deathD. sentenced , die5. Do you like the skirt .It sof
41、t.A. is feelingB. feltC. feelsD. is felt6. Are you still here . You were here an hour ago . Who for .A. are you waitingB. did you waitC. were you waitingD. do youwait7. to know Professor Zhang.A. He saidB. I saidC. He is saidD. It says8. I want to sit at the table near the window.Sorry , already.A.
42、it tookB. it takesC. it is takingD. it has been taken9. The letter three days ago and it yesterday.A. had post , had arrivedB. was posted , arrivedC. posted , arrivedD. had been posted , was arrived10. He told me that the final examination next Thursday.A. is givenB. will be givenC. would have given
43、D. would be given11. Water into ice.A. will changedB. must be changedC. should changeD. can be changed12. Plays twice a month in that theatre.A. put onB. are put onC. was put onD. often put on13. The birds fly away last Saturday.A. let toB. is let toC. was letD. were let to14. A strange sound yesterday evening.A. was he