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1、精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -定语从句一、定语的概念： 定语是用来修饰名词或代词的。比如：先试试用横线划出下面短语中的定语， 然后在后面的括号里注明是什么在作定语a beautiful girl（）a shoe factory（）Jim s father our teacherthe man in the car （）the man standing at the door （）the man who is talking with Sam（）二、定语从句的概念及主要特点：1定语从句： 2. 定语从句的主要特点：在句中起定语作用，相当
2、于形容词，修饰某一代词或名词或整个主句的从句。1. 先行词Antecedent：定语从句所修饰的词。2. 关系词Relatives ：连接主句与从句的词并在定语从句中充当某一句子成分。3.定语从句所缺句子成分：主语、宾语、表语、状语。The girl （先行词） who （关系词） stands under the tree is my sister.三、定语从句的基本用法：可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结定语关系从代词句的引导关系词副词指人who 主语、宾语， whom 宾语 ，that 主语、宾语, whose 定 语 指物that 主语、宾语,which主语、宾语whos
3、e 定 语 where 的点状语 when 时间状语 why 缘由状语可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 13 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -（一）关系代词引导的定语从句1who指人，在定语从句中作主语，有时也作宾语。The boys who are playing football are from Class One.正在踢足
4、球的男孩是一班的。分析：先行词 the boys 在从句中作主语。Those who want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning.想去博物馆的人必需在明晨7 点到大门口集合。分析：先行词引导词在从句中作 。Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way.昨天我帮忙了一位迷路的老人。分析：先行词引导词在从句中作 。That is the teacher who teaches us physics.那就是教我们物理的老师。分析：先行词引导词
5、在从句中作 。You needn t talk to the people who you don t like talking to.分析：先行词引导词在从句中作 。2whom指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。Mr Liu is the person whom you talked about on the bus. 刘先生就是你们在公共汽车上谈论的那个人。分析：先行词引导词在从句中作 。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 13 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精
6、品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -Li Ming is just the boy whom I want to see.李明正是我想要见的男孩。分析：先行词引导词在从句中作 。The professor whom you are waiting for has come.你正在等的教授已经来了。分析：先行词引导词在从句中作 。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结省略。留意：关系代词 whom 在口语或非正式文体中常可用who 来代替，也可可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结The man whom / who you
7、 met just now is my old friend.3. whose 通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语。Ivisitedascientistwhosenameisknownalloverthe country.。分析：先行词 引导词在从句中作 。Hehasafriendwhosefatherisadoctor.译成汉语：分析：先行词引导词在从句中作 。I lost the book whose cover was blue. 我把那本封面是蓝色的书弄丢了。分析：先行词引导词在从句中作 。We live in a house whose windows face the sout
8、h. 译成汉语: 留意：指物时，常用以下结构来代替： The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired. The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired. Do you like the book whose cover is yellow. Do you like the book the cover of which is yellow.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 3
9、 页，共 13 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -自己总结一下： 在定语从句中， whose + 名词4which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语常常可省略。Football is a game which is liked by most boys.足球是大多数男孩所喜爱的运动。分析：先行词引导词在从句中作 。The factory which makes computers is far away from here.制造运算机的那家公司离这儿很远。分析
10、：先行词引导词在从句中作 。Helikestoreadbookswhicharewrittenbyforeignwriters.译 成 汉语: 分析：先行词引导词在从句中作 。The house which is by the lake looks nice. 湖边的那幢房子看上去很美丽。分析：先行词引导词在从句中作 。Thisisthepenwhichheboughtyesterday.译 成 汉 语 ：分析：先行词引导词在从句中作 。The film which they went to see last night was not interesting at all.他们昨晚看的电影一
11、点意思也没有。分析：先行词引导词在从句中作 。5that引导定语从句时，既可以指人，也可以指物。指人时，相当于who或 whom。指物时，相当于which.。在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语常常可 省略。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 13 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -The number of people that / who come to visitthis ci
12、ty each year reaches one million.每年来参观这座城市的人数达一百万。分析：先行词引导词在从句中作 。Where is the man that / whom I saw this morning.我今日早上看到的那个人在哪儿？分析：先行词引导词在从句中作 。The person that /you introduced to me is very kind.你介绍给我的那个人很友好。The seasonthat /comes after spring is summer.春天以后的季节是夏季。Yesterday I received a letter that
13、/ came from Australia.昨天我收到了一封来自澳二关系副词引导的定语从句1 when指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。常可以用in/on/at +which 代替。I still remember the day when I first came to this school.我仍旧记得我第一次来到这所学校的那一天。分析：先行词引导词在从句中作 。The time when we got together finally arrived.我们团圆的时刻最终到了。分析：先行词引导词在从句中作 。October 1,1949was thedaywhenthePeople Rsep
14、ublicofChinawas founded.1949 年 10 月 1 日是中华人民共和国成立的日子。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 13 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -把这个句子改成两个简洁句：分析：先行词引导词在从句中作 。Doyouremember theyears whenhelivedinthecountrysidewithhis grandparents.你
15、仍记得在农村和你祖父母一起生活的那些年吗？把这个句子改成两个简单句：-分析：先行词引导词在从句中作 。2. where指的点，在定语从句中作的点状语。常可用in/on/at which 代替。Shanghai is the city where I was born. 上海是我诞生的城市。把这个句子改成两个简单句：-分析：先行词引导词在从句中作 。The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.我十年前住的房子已经被拆掉了。把这个句子改成两个简单句：-分析：先行词引导词在从句中作 。I visited the farm wh
16、ere a lot of cows were raised . 我参观了那个饲养了很多奶牛的农场。分析：先行词引导词在从句中作 。Is this the place where they fought the enemy.这是他们起初打敌人的的方可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 13 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -吗？分析：先行词引导词在从句中作 。留意：当先行词是 situ
17、ation, occasion, point时，且又在从句中作状语时， 常用where 来引导定语从句。Sometimes you will find yourself in a situation where you felt very embarrassed（尴尬） .He has reached a point where nobody can compare with him.3. why指缘由，在定语从句中作缘由状语。常可用for which 来代替。Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.请告知我你误机的缘由。分析：先行
18、词引导词在从句中作 。The reason why he was punished is unknown to us.他受惩处的缘由我们都不知道。Idon tknowthereason whyhelooksunhappytoday.译 成 汉 语 ：留意：关系副词引导的定语从句常常可以用“介词+关系代词 ”引导的定语从句来表示。如：From the years when = he was going to primary school in the country he had known what he wanted to be when he grew up.自从他在农村读学校时，他就已经
19、知道长大后要做什么。Iwillnever forget the moment when = the blindstudents moved us.Great changes are takingplace inthe citywhere = they live.他们生活的城市正发生庞大的变化。The reason why = he refused the invitation is quite clear.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 13 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - -
20、- 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -他为什么拒绝接受邀请的缘由是非常明白的。四、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句Attributive clause:限制性定语从句restrictive非限制性定语从句non-restrictive可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结是先行词在意义上不行缺少的定语，假如去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从句和主句关系非常亲密，写时不用逗号分开。和主句关系不很亲密，只是对先行词作些附加说明， 假如去掉，主句的意思仍旧清晰。这种从句， 写时往往逗号分开。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎
21、下载精品名师归纳总结可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结I was the only person who was invited. in my officeJenny, with whom I played table tennis yesterday, lives in my next room.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结The man who came here yesterdayhas come again.That is Mr. Wang, whose daughter teaches English
22、at a middle school.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结留意：引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词不行用that ，指人时用who 主语 ,whom 宾语 ，指物时须用which.定语从句举例：留意：在非限制性定语从句中，有时which 所指代的先行词是前面的整个句子。Xiao Li came to see me off, which was very kind of her. He didn pat ss the exam, which surprised us.五定语从句考查重点：（一）定语从句在以下情形下只能用that，而不能用 which 指物。（指人时可以可编
23、辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 13 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -用 who/whom）1. 当先行词被形容词 最高级 或者序数词 修饰时。2. 当先行词是 不定代词 everything, anything, nothing ,something, all,none, few, little, some,much 等代词时，或当先行词受every, any, all, so
24、me, no, little, few,much 等代词修饰时。3. 当先行词被 the very, the only, the same, the las修t 饰时。4. 当先行词是 who,或 which 引导的主句时。5. 当先行词为人与动物或人与物时。二不用 that 的情形(1) 在引导非限定性定语从句时。错The tree, that is four hundred years old, Is very famous here.(2) 介词后不能用。We depend on the land from which we get our food.（三）关系代词的省略：The fac
25、tory we visited yesterday was really old. 请将省略的关系代词补充在正确的位置 The man you just talked to was my English teacher. 请将省略的关系代词补充在正确的位置 当关系代词在从句中作 时可以省略。（四） “介词+关系代词 ”引导的定语从句关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，从句常常由“介词+关系代词 ”引出。 The school which / that he once studied in is very famous.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - -
26、 - - - - - - -第 9 页，共 13 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - - The school in which he once studied is very famous.他曾经就读过的学校很出名。This is the boy whom / who / that I played tennis with yesterday.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结 This is the boy I played tennis yester
27、day这.是我昨天跟他打台可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结球的男孩。We ll go to hear the famous singerwhom / who / that we have often talked about. Well go to hear the famous singe_r we have often talked我. 们将去听那位我们常常谈论的闻名唱歌家演唱。留意： 含有介词的固定短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在短语动词的后面。如介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时只可用whom，不行用 who, that。关系代词指物时只可用which，不行用 that。
28、关系代词是全部格时用whose。“介词+关系代词 ”前仍可有 some, any, none, all, both, neither, many, most, each, few 等代词或者数词。（四）当先行词被one of 修饰时，如 one of 前有 the only，就从句的谓语动词用单数，没有的话就用复数。Heisoneofthestudentswhoneverlate.译 成 汉 语 ：He is the onlyone ofthe students whonever late.译成汉语：（五）先行词是时间却不用when 引导，先行词是的点却不用where 引导，先行词是缘由却不用
29、why 引导。I will never forget the days we climbed the mountain together. I will never forget the days we spent together.We visited the house Lu Xun used to live.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 10 页，共 13 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - -
30、- - -We visited the house Lu Xun used to live in. This is the reason he was unhappy.This is the reason he explained to me.（六）当先行词被such, the same修饰时，关系词常用as。the samea。s suchas 中的 as 是一种固定结构 , 和一样。I have got into the same trouble as he has.请分析一下定语从句： 请划出定语从句，并标出先行词1. Check the ways you study for an En
31、glish test.2. You couldn t understand peopleowtahlked fast.3. They said something you didn t like.4. Can you think of any problems you have had recently.5. My friends and I talked about the rules that we have in school.6. What are some of the rules that a teenager should obey.二、请把下面的句子连成一个定语从句1、1. T
32、he boy is my younger brother. He was here a minute ago.2. The old man is a professor. He teaches chemistry in a college.3. Beijing Hotel is near Tian An Men Square. The foreign visitors live there.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 11 页，共 13 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精
33、品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -4. The woman is here now. You were talking about her.5. This is the hall. We listened to the report in it the other day.6. The car was going 90 miles an hour. The car just passed us.7. The man waved to us. The man was my uncle.8. I enjoyed reading the book
34、. You gave me a book last week.9. I prefer the subject. The subject is science.10. I spoke to the man. The man is a professor.三、用关系代词填空： that、which、who、 whom、whose1. This is the man wants to see you.2. The student answered the question is Zhang Hua.3. The man you went to see has come.4. The man I me
35、t yesterday lent me some money.5. The woman you saw is our geography teacher.6. The runner you are asking about is over there.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 12 页，共 13 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -7. The person you should wr
36、ite to is Mr. Ball.8. The man was passing by saw what happened.9. Here is the pen you lost the day before yesterday.10. These books you lent me were very useful.11. The storybook I have just read cannot be easily forgotten.12. A clock is a machine tells people the time.13. This is shirt I bought yes
37、terday.14. A dictionary is a book gives the meaning to the word.15. The book is on the table is mine.16. The film they are talking about is very interesting.17. I will never forget the people and the places I have ever visited.18. Show me the boy mother is a well-known singer.19. The boy father is a teacher is good at English.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 13 页，共 13 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载