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1、精品名师归纳总结冠词重点学问归纳及讲解（一）概说1. 冠词是一种虚词,不能独立担任一个成分,只能附着在一个名词上,帮忙说明其词义。英语中有两个冠词：1）定冠词 the2）不定冠词 a/an定冠词 the 通常读作 ,在元音前读作 i ,特殊强调或单念时读作 i: 。不定冠词在元音音素开头的单词前用an 这个形式,读作 n 。在其他情形下就使用 a,读作 。2冠词的基本意义不定冠词 a/an与数词 one 同源,表示 “一个”的意思,用在可数名词单数前。例如： She is a nurse.她是个护士。He is an Englishman, with an Irish wife. 他是一位英国
2、人,有一个爱尔兰妻子。定冠词 the,与 this 同源,有 “这（那）个 ”的意思,但比较弱,表示一（几）个特定的人或东西, 有时可译作 “这个（些） ”或“那个（些） ”。例如： Thats the book you want. 这就是你要的那本书。Who s the young man over there. 那边那个年轻人是谁？ 但在许多情形下, “这”或“那”这类词在译文中并不显现。例如： Put it on the table. 把它放在桌上。Shut the door, please.请把门关上。3特指和泛指一般来说,名词有特指和泛指两种情形,请比较下面的句子：A gentlem
3、an is asking to see you.有位先生要求见你。（泛指） Ask the gentleman to come in. 请那位先生进来。（特指）在特指时一般前面要加定冠词,而泛指时就有三种情形：1）在可数名词单数前加不定冠词。例如： She sent me a postcard她寄给我一张明信片。2）在可数名词复数前可不加冠词,可使用some, any这类词。例如：These are new words.这些是生词。She sent me some flowers.她送给我一些花。3）在不行数名词前多不加什么,有时也可加some, any等。例如： It s lovely we
4、athe天r. 气真好。Do you want any sugar in your tea.你茶里要放点糖吗？可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结Give us some help. 给我们一些帮忙。（二）不定冠词的基本用法 1泛指某一类人或事物中的一个,代表某一类别（不肯定译为“一”）例如： His father is a doctor. 他父亲是医生。2. 代表某一类人或事物,相当于any（+名词）（不必译为 “一”,但必需用 a,表示类别）例如： A horse is a useful animal. 马是有用的动物。3指某人或某物（不是指某一类）,但不详细说明何人或何物（一
5、般译为“一”）例如： This book was written by a worker. 这本书是一位工人写的。4. 表示数量,有 “一”的意思,但数的概念没有 one 剧烈（一般译为 “一”）例如： Wait a moment. 等一下。5. 表示单位,相当于 “每”的意思例如： We have three meals a day.我们每日吃三餐。6用于某此固定词组中例如： a few, a little, a bit of, a lot of等。（三）定冠词的基本用法1. 特指某（些）人或某（些）事物例如： Give me the book. 把那本书给我。2. 指谈话双方都知道的人或事
6、物例如： Where is the doctor. 医生在哪儿？ 3再次提到上文提到过的人或事物例如： I bought a dictionary yesterday. The dictionary is at home.昨天我买了一本词典。 词典在家里。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结4用在大家所熟识的、世界上独一无二的事物例如： The earth is bigger than the moon, but smaller than the sun的. 5用在序数词和形容词最高级前例如： Mr Wang teaches the first class.王先生上第一节课。球比月
7、亮大,但比太阳小。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结Of all the stars the sun is the nearest to the earth在. 6用在单数可数名词,表示某一类人或事物全部的恒星中,太阳离的球最近。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结例如： The horse is a useful animal. 马是有用的动物。7. 与以下专出名词连用1）在江、河、湖、海、群岛、山脉的名称前可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结例如： the Changjiang River, the Gr
8、eat Lake 2）在姓氏的复数名词前,表示夫妇二人或全家人例如： The Greens are sitting at the breakfast table格.8. 和某些形容词连用,表示一类人林一家人正围坐在早餐桌旁。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结例如： the old 老人 the young 年轻人 the rich 富人 the poor 穷人 the sick 病人 the dead 死人9在一些习惯说法中the east west, south, northin the morning afternoon, eveningon the left right i
9、n the endgo to the cinema（四）不用冠词的几种情形1. 在专出名词,抽象名词和物质名词前例如： Have you ever been to Shanghai.你到过上海吗？We love science. 我们爱好科学。2. 在表示一类人或事物的复数名词前例如： Girls can be scientists. 女孩子可以当科学家。3在季节、月份、星期、一日三餐的名称前例如： It is hot in summer. 夏每天气热。Have you had breakfast. 你吃过早饭没有？It s Tuesday, August the 22n今d.天是八月二十二日
10、,星期三。4称呼语或表示头衔,职务的名词前例如： Whats the matter with you, Mike.怎么啦, 迈克？He is headmaster of our school.他是我们学校的校长。5. 学科和球类运动的名称前例如： We study English. 我们学习英语。Do you like to play football.你喜爱踢足球吗？可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结6. 名词前已有用作定语的 this, that my, your, some, any, no, whose, every, eac等h例如： That is her bike。
11、 那是她的自行车代词时,不用冠词可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结Each student in his class studies hard这. 7在某些固定词组的名词前个班的每个同学都努力学习。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结例如： at home, at night, after school, by bus, in bed, in town, in front of, go to school, go to bed等。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结三、随堂监测 A 组I. 在以下句子的空格中
12、填上适当的冠词,不需要的的方用“ /表”示：1. This isold map. It isuseful map.2. We have no classes inafternoon onSaturday.3. spaceship flies at about eleven kilometerssecond.4. Beijing iscapital ofChina. It isbeautiful city.5. Roman was not built inday.6. Chinese is quitedifficult language for Mike.7. Manystudents will
13、 takeactive part in sports meet.8. There isinteresting picture onwall.9. Jenny foundwallet lying onground.wallet was Mr. Black s.10. Which isbiggest,sun,moon, orearth.11. - Which picture is more beautiful. -one onleft, I think.12. - Which isway tohospital.- Go down this road and turn left onsecond c
14、rossing.13. more,better.14. Turners are sitting at breakfast table.15. Joe Hill wasfighter forworking class.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结16. When wasPeople s Republic of China founded.17. In Chinafirst English textbooks were published inlate nineteenth century.18. Afterbreakfast he went toschool onfoot.1
15、9. Huanghe River lies innorth of China.20. He likes playingfootball. His sister likes playingpiano.II. 单项挑选：1. 上学A. go to schoolB. go to the schoolC. go to a school2. 住院A, in the hospitalB. in a hospitalC. in hospital3. 此刻A. at the momentB. at a momentC. at moment4. 在课堂上A. in classB. in a classC. in
16、 the class5. 在的球上A. on earthB. on an earthC. on the earth6. 步行A. on footB. on the footC. on feet7. 吃饭A. at a tableB. at the tableC. at table8. 乘公共汽车 A. take busB. by busC. by the bus9. 在家A. at the homeB. at a homeC. at home10. 在工作A. at workB. at the workC. at works11. 跳高A. jump highB. high jumpC. th
17、e high jump12. 坐飞机A. by airB. by the airC. on air13. 乘火车A. by the trainB. by trainC. on train14. 在校学习 A. in the schoolB. in schoolC. in schools15. 睡觉A. go to bedB. go to the bedC. go to a bed16. 感冒A. have a coldB. have the coldC. have cold17. 乘船A. by shipB. on shipC. by a ship18. 玩得爽快 A. have good t
18、imesB. have a good timeC. have good times19. 事实上A. in the factB. in factsC. in fact21. 从早到晚 A. from morning to the evening B. from morning to evening C. from a morning to an evening可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结四、随堂监测 B 组III.挑选填空：1. There isold woman in the car.A. /B. theC. aD. an2. Shanghai is ineast of
19、China.A. /B. anC. theD. a3. Bill isEnglish teacher. He likes playingfootball.A. a, theB. an, theC. a, /D. /, /4. The museum is quite far. It will take you halfhour to go there bybus.A. an, /B. an, aC. a, /D. /, /5. The story isinteresting. That means it isinteresting story.A. an, theB. the, a.C. /,
20、anD. /, a6. Let s go for walk, shal.l weA. aB. anC. theD. /7. This isinteresting story-book and it is alsouseful one.A. a, aB. an, anC. an, aD. a, an8. woman over there ispopular teacher in our school.A. A, anB. The, aC. The , theD. A, the9. They passed our schoolday before yesterday.A. anB. oneC. a
21、D. the10. Australia isEnglish-speaking country.A. aB. anC. theD. /11. Don t playbasketball here. It s dangerous.A. aB. anC. /D. the12. This isapple. It sbig apple.A. an, aB. a, theC. a, anD. an, the13. - Have you seenbag. I left it here just now.- Is itone on the chair near the door.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载
22、精品名师归纳总结A. a, aB. the, theC. a, theD. the, a14. I haveblue coat.A. aB. anC. theD. some15. This isorange.orange is on the table.A. a, TheB. an, TheC. an, AnD. the, An16. Have you hadbreakfast.A. aB. anC. theD. /17. He wondered when the doctor could finishoperation.A. aB. anC. theD. any18. Aftersupper
23、, he stayed at home and playedviolin.A. the, theB. /, theC. /, aD. /, /19. There isapple on the plate.A. aB. anC. theD. /20. He said that he got“ C” in the test.A. aB. anC. theD. /21. new bridge has been built overHuangpu River.A. The, aB. A, /C. A, theD. An, an22. English isuseful language inworld.
24、A. an, theB. a, theC. the, theD. an, an23. In the word“ cariage”“ r ” is lost.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结A. theB. anC. aD. /24. With the help of his teacher he studied hard and got A. aB. anC. theD. one“ A ” in the test.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结25. I have two dogs.black one is two years old andyellow on
25、e is three years old.A. A, aB. The, aC. The, theD. A. the26. Li Dan can playpiano very well.A. /B. aC. anD. the27. Whatinteresting film it is. I likefilm very much.A. a, theB. a, aC. an, theD. The, /28. tall man over there is ourEnglish teacher.A. A, theB. The, aC. A, anD. The, /可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师
26、归纳总结冠词A组I. 1. an, a 2. the, / 3. A, a 4. the, /, a 5. a 6. a 7. /, an8. an, the 9. a, the, The 10. the, the, the, the 11. The, the 12. the, the, the13. The , the 14. The 15. a, the 16. the 17. the, the 18. /, /, /19. The, the 20. /, theII. 1 5 ACAAC 6 10 ACBCA 11 15 BABBA 16 20 AABCBB组III. 1 5 DCDAC 6 10 ACBDB 11 15 CACAB 16 20 DCBBA 2125 CBBBC 2628 DCD可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载