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1、 90507004 分类号 密级 U D C 编号 论 文 题 目 商务英语翻译：翻译技巧与文化交流的综合体 Business English Translation: A Composite of Translation Strategies and Cultural Communication 研究生： 贾静 指导教师： 王松涛 专 业 :外国语言学及应用语言学 2010 年 3 月 26 日 / Business English Translation: A Composite of Translation Strategies and Cultural Communication by
2、 Jia Jing Under the Supervision of Professor Wang Songtao Submitted in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements For the Degree of Master of Arts English Department Foreign Languages College Inner Mongolia University March 26 2010. 原创性声明 兹呈交的学位论文，是本人在导师指导下独立完成的研究成果，在论文写 作过程中参考的其他个人或集体的研究成果均在文中以明确方式标明，本
3、人 依法享有和承担由此论文而产生的权利和责任。 声明人：贾静 2010年 3 月 26 闩 DECLARATION I hereby declare that this submission is my own work and that, to the best of my knowledge and belief, it contains no material previously published or written by another person or material which has to a substantial extent been accepted for t
4、he award of any other degree or diploma at any university or other institute of higher learning, except where due acknowledgment has been made in the text. Signature: Jia Jing Name: Jia Jing Date: March 26, 2010 ABSTRACT Business English Translation: A Composite of Translation Strategies and Cultura
5、l Communication Jia Jing Along with the fast development of the global business, English has been accepted as a common business language around the world, and Business English has drew more and more attention from the linguists. As a relatively new academic subject, Business English has its special
6、characteristics. Accordingly, the translation of Business Englsih is different from the translations of other literary forms. This paper will discuss about the stylistic characteristics of Business English, techniques in Business English translation, and the cultural elements influencing Business En
7、glish. 摘要 随着全球商业的飞速发展，英语己成为了世界性的商业语言，而商务英语也引起 了语言学家越来越多的注意。作为一个较新的学术课题，商务英语具有其特殊性。 相应地，商务英语翻译也与其他文 学形式的翻译有不同之处。本论文将讨论商务 英语的文体特点、商务英语翻译的技巧、以及影响商务英语的文化因素。 Key Words: business English, translation, stylistic characteristics, translation teqhniques, culture, communication. 关键词：商务英语，翻译，文体特点，翻译技巧，文化，交流。 A
8、cknowledgements I would like to take this chance to thank Professor Wang Songtao, for his valuable help, patience and encouragement. Also I would like to thank Mr. Jerome Vanachter and Ms. Zhu Xiulan for their great help and support during my work, and everyone who provides me with valuable material
9、s. Table of Contents Chapter One STYLISTIC CHARACTERISTICS OF BUSINESS ENGLISH . 1 1.1 Introduction of Stylistic Characteristics of Business English . 1 1.2 . Characteristics of Business English at Lexical Level . 2 1.2.1 Business terms . 2 1.2.2 Abbreviations . 3 1.2.3 Archaisms and thosefrom other
10、 languages . 4 1.3 . Characteristics of Business English at Syntactic Level . 6 1.3.1 Prescriptive Business English . 6 1.3.1.1 Statement and full sentence . 7 1.3.1.2 Adverbials . 7 1.3.1.3 Long sentences . 8 1.3.2 English used in business communication . 9 1.3.2.1 Shorter sentences . 10 1.3.2.2 Pe
11、riodic sentences . 10 1.3.2.3 Positive sentences . 11 1.4 Characteristics of Business English at Textual Level . 12 Chapter Two BUSINESS ENGLISHTRANSLATION . 17 2.1 Business English Translation . 17 vi 2.1.1 Limited current studies of Business English translation . 18 2.2 Some Feasible Theories of B
12、usiness English Translation . 19 2.2.1 Functionalism . 19 2.2.2 Intertextuality . 21 2.2.2.1 Intertextuality of genre . 22 2.2.2.2 Intertextuality in topic and structure . 24 2.3 Strategies and Techniques for Business Translation . 25 2.3.1 Addition and amplification . 26 2.3.1.1 Adding the subject
13、. 27 2.3.1.2 Adding the object . 27 2.3.1.3 Adding the conjunction. 27 2.3.1.4 Adding the preposition . 28 2.3.2 Reiteration . 28 2.3.3 Avoiding repetition . 29 2.3.4 Omission . 31 2.3.5 Combination . 34 2.3.5.1 Combining words . 34 2.3.5.2 Combining sentences or clauses . 35 2.3.6 Inversion . 36 2.
14、3.6.1 Adverbials and Adverbial Clause of Condition . 36 2.3.6.2 Postmodifiers . 38 2.3.6.3 Sentences introduced by “it” 39 2,3.6.4 Sentences introduced by “should” . 40 Chapter Three BUSINESS ENGLISH IS A CARRIER OF CULTURE . 41 3.1 What is Culture . 41 3.2 Translation Difficulties Resulting from Cu
15、lture Differences . 42 3.2.1 Culture-loaded terms may have no equivalents in the target language . 42 3.2.2 Culture-loaded terms with different associative meanings . 42 3.3 Principles in Cross-Culture Business English Translation . 43 3.3.1 Exploration of principles . 43 3.3.2 “Faithfulness to the
16、content of the source language” . 44 3.3.3 Cultural adaptation in Functional Equivalence Theory . 44 3.3.4 Adaption of genre . 45 3.4 Business Culture and Intelligibility of the Reader . 45 3.5 Cross-Cultural Elements in Business Translation . 46 3.5.1 Cross-culture elements influencing business com
17、munication . 47 3.5.1.1 Understanding of material objects . 47 3.5.1.2 Understanding of colors . 47 3.5.1.3 Understanding of numbers . 48 3.5.2 Handling the cultural elements in Business English translation . 48 3.6 Translation in Business Activities . 49 3.6.1 Impacts of cultural differences on int
18、ernational business negotiation . 50 3.6.1.1.Introduction of business negotiation 3.6.1.2.Cultural impacts business negotiation . 50 3.7 Translation in Logo and Advertisements . 52 Chapter Four CONCLUSION . 54 ix Chapter One STYLISTIC CHARACTERISTICS OF BUSINESS ENGLISH In the last two decades, Busi
19、ness English has attracted increasing interest and awareness. Business English courses are offered by many language schools worldwide; there are more and more books about Business English; new types of Business English examinations appear all the time. Yet despite this enormous interest, Business En
20、glish is an area often neglected by many traditional linguistic researchers, for the difficulty to define its nature. Business English must be seen in the overall context of English for Specific Purposes (ESP), as it shares the important elements of needs analysis, syllabus design, course design, an
21、d materials selection and development which are common to all fields of work in ESP. As with other varieties of ESP, Business English implies the definition of a specific languages corpus and emphasis on particular kinds of communicate in a specific context. However, Business English differs from ot
22、her varieties of ESP in that it is often a mix of specific content (relating to a particular area or industry) and general content (relating to general ability to communicate more effectively in business situations). The existed rigorous linguistic analysis on Business English is fragmented and is m
23、ore frequently based on the explicit forms of business languages such as contracts, correspondence, annual reports, and articles in business journals. There are also some analysis have been carried out with respect to the less explicit business language such as of negotiations, discussions, and meet
24、ings, which carry more cultural characteristics; however, the analysis is still far from comprehensive. This paper will discuss in the explicit forms of Business English, which distinguishes in its stylistic characteristics, and also in the less explicit forms of Business English, which carries more
25、 cultural characteristics in communication. 1.1 Introduction of Stylistic Characteristics of Business English In Business English, language stylistic characteristics should be firstly paid attention in fulfilling the proper functions. It is necessary to take these stylistic features into account whe
26、n dealing with Business English Translation. Since Business English is categorized as ESP, it has its distinct characteristics from other kinds of English Language such as literary English. Business English has its special features, which are commonly known as seven Cs in Business English writing, w
27、hich are Completeness, Concreteness， Clearness， Conciseness， Courtesy， Consideration and Correctness”. However, in order to provide a more specific and practical research, this paper will analyze the characteristics of Business English on the lexical, syntactic and textual levels. 1.2 Characteristic
28、s of Business English on Lexical Level 1.2.1 Business terms Business terms are often used to express certain specific functions in business translations and explain all kinds of clauses and conditions. These words thus have certain special meaning relating to business besides its usual meanings peop
29、le get used to. They become idiomatic in the business field and tend to be called business terms after repeated applications. These business terms constitute the majority of special English. Business terms come from ordinary English. However, a lot of them have changed their meanings during the proc
30、ess of language development. For example, Yang, Xiaobin.杨晓斌 ，商务汉英翻译重在遣词造句 . 台州学院学报 2008, :30-34 Zhang， Linling.张林玲 ，商务英语合同翻译与写作 .机械工业出版社 ， 2009 56 Zhang, Shouying.张首映 ，西方二十世纪文论史 .北京：北京大学出版社， 1999 Zhang， Zhenbang.章振邦 ，新编英语语法教程 .上海：上外语教育出版社， 1995 Zeng,Y ng.曾勇 ，商务英语翻译中的文化与语用因素研究，商场现代化， 2007,(1)： 44-45 57