《2018考研英语(二)真题解析：阅读Text 3题源《卫报》 .docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2018考研英语(二)真题解析：阅读Text 3题源《卫报》 .docx（5页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、2018考研英语(二)真题解析：阅读Text3题源卫报2018考研英语(二)真题阅读Text3文章来源于2017年6月18号的TheGuardian卫报，原标题是TheGuardianviewondigitalgiants:theyfarmusforthedata。想知道2018真题题源的同学看过来!让我们一起来揭开真题神秘的面纱，我们用的考题就是这篇文章的后半部分!考研真题阅读text3文章来源网站：on-digital-giants-they-farm-us-for-the-dataTheGuardianviewondigitalgiants:theyfarmusforthedataWea
2、reneitherthecustomersnoreventheproductofcompanieslikeGoogle,butweturnourlivesintotheknowledgethattheysellAnastonishingprojectisunderwaytobuildadigitaltimemachinethatwillshowusinfinedetailthelivesofordinaryVenetiansacrossathousandyearsofhistory.Itismadepossiblebythepersistenceoftherepublicsbureaucrac
3、y,which,whenNapoleonextinguishedtheRepublicofVenicein1797,leftbehind80kmofshelvingfullofrecordsofbirths,deaths,trades,building,landownership,privateletters,ambassadorsreportsandevenmedicalinformation.Allthisisnowtobedigitised,cross-referenced,andanalysed,andallitssecretslaidbaretoprovideapictureinun
4、precedentedrichnessanddetailofthelivesofindividualsandthedevelopmentofsocietyovermanycenturies.Obviously,thisiswonderfulforhistoriansandindeedanybodywithanimaginationalivetoday.Onewonders,though,whattheVenetianswouldhavemadeofit,hadtheyknowntheirlivesandletterswouldbesocarefullyanatomisedaftertheird
5、eaths.Farmoreisknownaboutusnow,though,andinrealtime.ThedataintheVenetianarchiveswasunmatchedinmedievalandevenearlymodernEurope,butitisonlylegendandscrapsofhearsaycomparedtotheknowledgeofusaccumulatedbythegiantsofthedigitaleconomyGoogle,Facebook,andAmazonwhoallinvariouswaysusethedataharvestedfromthei
6、ruserstomakebillionsofdollars,fromadvertisingorfromdirectselling,orfromsomecombinationofboth.Theirknowledgeofourintimatelivesdoesntwaittwocenturiesormoreuntilweredead.Theygetitlive,inrealtime.Sometimestheyknowourmindsbeforeweknowthemourselves.Itsasituationquiteunprecedentedinhistory.TheEuropeancommi
7、ssionmaybeabouttolevythebiggestfineinitshistoryonGoogleforanti-competitivebehaviourpotentiallymorethan?1bn.Thiscase,fiveyearsinthemaking,isthelatest,andperhapsthelargest,battleinthestruggletoestablishdemocraticcontroloverthegiantsofthedigitaleconomy.IntheUS,thegovernmenthasbeencapturedbythecorporati
8、ons,andinChinauniversalsurveillanceisopenlyconvertedtoameansofgovernmentcontrol.OnlytheEUattemptstobalancethesepowerstothebenefitoftheordinarycitizen.ThepowerandambitionofthesecompaniesisastonishingAmazonhasjustannouncedthepurchaseoftheupmarketgrocerychainWholeFoodsfor$13.5bn,buttwoyearsagoFacebookp
9、aidevenmorethanthattoacquiretheWhatsAppmessagingservice,whichdoesnthaveanyphysicalproductatall.WhatWhatsAppofferedFacebookwasanintricateandfinelydetailedtraceryofitsusersfriendshipsandsociallives.FacebookpromisedtheEuropeancommissionthenthatitwouldnotlinkphonenumberstoFacebookidentities,butitbroketh
10、epromisealmostassoonasthedealwentthrough.Evenwithoutknowingwhatwasinthemessages,theknowledgeofwhosentthemandtowhomwasenormouslyrevealingandstillcouldbe.Whatpoliticaljournalist,whatpartywhip,wouldnotwanttoknowthemakeupoftheWhatsAppgroupsinwhichTheresaMaysenemiesarecurrentlyplotting?Itmaybethatthevalu
11、etoAmazonofWholeFoodsisnotsomuchthe460shopsitowns,orthedistributionnetwork,buttherecordsofwhichcustomershavepurchasedwhat.Competitionlawappearstobetheonlywaytoaddresstheseimbalancesofpower.Butitisclumsy.Foronething,itisveryslowcomparedtothepaceofchangewithinthedigitaleconomy.Bythetimeaproblemhasbeen
12、addressedandremedieditmayhavevanishedinthemarketplace,tobereplacedbynewabusesofpower.Butthereisadeeperconceptualproblem,too.Competitionlawaspresentlyinterpreteddealswithfinancialdisadvantagetoconsumersandthisisnotobviouswhentheusersoftheseservicesdontpayforthem.Theusersoftheirservicesarenottheircust
13、omers.ThatwouldbethepeoplewhobuyadvertisingfromthemandFacebookandGoogleoperateavirtualduopolyindigitaladvertisingtothedetrimentofallothermediaandentertainmentcompanies.Theproducttheyresellingisdata,andwe,theusers,convertourlivestodataforthebenefitofthedigitalgiants.Justassomeantsfarmaphidsforthehoneydewthatoozesfromthemwhentheyfeed,soGooglefarmsusforthedatathatourdigitallivesexude.Antskeeppredatoryinsectsawayfromwheretheiraphidsfeed;Gmailkeepsthespammersoutofourinboxes.Itdoesntfeellikeahumanordemocraticrelationship,evenifbothsidesbenefit.