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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上第二部分 阅读理解(2)（2015年12月统考）全真翻译版 以下16篇阅读理解考试中100%考一篇， 答案是四个选项之一。出现在考试中阅读部分的第二部分，简化或硬背，必须掌握，原题出现，答案位置不变，考1题10分，一定不可以丢。建议多看短文的中文意思，然后记下选项答案。 最后附录为搭桥联想记忆法，适合10分钟内强化记忆。Passage The United States covers a large part of the North American continent. Its neighbors are Canada to the north and Mexic
2、o to the south. Although the United States is a big country , it is not the largest in the world. In 2000, its population was over 222 million.When this land first became a nation, after winning its independence from England, it had thirteen states. Each of the states was represented on the American
3、 flag by a star. All these were in the eastern part of the continent. As the nation grew toward the west, new states were added and new stars appeared on the flag. For a long time, there were 48 stars. In 1959, however, two more stars were added to the flag, representing the new states of Alaska and
4、 Hawaii. Indians were the first people of the land which is now the United States. There are still many thousands of Indians now living in all parts of the country. Sometimes it is said that the Indians are “the only real Americans”. Most Americans come from all over the world. Those who came first
5、in greatest numbers to make their homes on the eastern of North America were mostly from England. It is for the reason that the language of the United States is English and that its culture and customs are more like those of England than those of any other country in the world.美国占去北美大陆很大一部分土地。它北邻加拿大
6、，南接墨西哥。虽然美国是一个大国，但它不是世界上最大的。在2000年，它的人口超过2.22亿。这片土地刚从英国独立出来，第一次成为一个国家的时候，只有十三个州， 每个州在美国国旗上由一颗星米代表。这些州都是在东部。当这个国家不断向西扩大，就增加了新的州， 同时它们也出现在国旗上。很长一段时间，美国有48个州， 可是到1959年，国旗上有多了2颗星， 分别代表阿拉斯加和夏威夷。印第安人是如今叫做美国的这块土地上的最初的居民。现在在各国各地仍然居住着许多这些原始居民的后裔。有时人们说印第安人才是“真正的美国人”。不过， 大部分美国人是来自世界各地。那些最早大批来到北美东海岸建立家园的人大部分来自英
7、格兰，也是由于这个原因，美国的国语为英语，而它的文化习俗也与英国的更为相像。1. Which of the following is TURE? 以下选项哪个是正确的？A American is the largest country in the world.B The United States lies next to Canada and Mexico. 美国邻近加拿大和墨西哥。C America covers most part of the North American continent.D. Mexico is to the north of Canada.2. After w
8、inning its independence, the United States . 在赢得了独立之后，美国和英格兰就没什么关系了。A. had nothing to do with England B. made India part of its land C. mianly developed westward D. took over parts of Canada and Mexico3. The United States didnt have states until . 美国在1959年前没有50个州。A thirteen;1959 B. fifty;1959 C. fif
9、ty, this land first became a nation D.fifty;19644. Why is English the language of America? 为什么美国的国语是英语？ ABecause English is the native language of the Indians. 因为土著人的语言是英语。 B. Because most Americans come from all over the world. C. Because Canada is Americas nearest neighbor. D. Because most of the
10、people who first settled in America were from England.5. The best title for the passage is “ ”. 这篇文章最好的标题是美国。 A. the States of America B. The language of America C. The United States of America D. The Culture and Customs of AmericaKEY: BCBDCPassage 2 What makes a person a scientist?Does he have ways
11、 or tools of learning that are different from those of others? The answer is “no”. It is not the tools a scientist uses but how he uses these tools that make him a scientist. You will probably agree that knowing how to use a power is important to a carpenter. You will probably agree, too, that knowi
12、ng how to investigate, how to discover information, is important to everyone. The scientist, however, goes one step further, he must be sure that he has a reasonable answer to his questions and that his answer can be confirmed by other persons. He also works to fit the answer he gets to many questio
13、ns into a large set of ideas about how the world works.是什么使一个普通人成为科学家？他有与从不同的学习方法和工具吗？答案是否定的。不是因为科学家使用的工具，而是因为他使用工具的方法使他成为科学家。你也许认同怎么用力对一名木匠来说很重要。你也许也认同怎么研究调查，发现信息对每个人来说都很重要。然而，科学家比这更进一步，他必须确定他对自己的问题得出了一个合理的答案，并且他的答案通过别人也可以得到证实。他同时把自己得出的许多答案归结为一个系统的关于世界如何运作的观点。The scientists knowledge must be exact.
14、 There is no room for half right or right just half the time. He must be as nearly right as the conditions permit. What works under one set of conditions at one time must work under the same conditions at other times. If the conditions are different, any changes the scientist observes in a demonstra
15、tion must be explained by the changes in the conditions. This is one reason that investigations are important in science. Albert Einstein, who developed the theory of relativity, arrived at this theory through mathematics. The accuracy of this mathematics was later tested through investigations, Ein
16、steins ideas were shown to be correct. A scientist uses many tools for measurements. Then the measurements are used to make mathematical calculations that may test his investigations.科学家的知识必须很确切。不能给半错半对或者只有一半机会对的情况留任何空间。他必须在条件允许的情况下尽可能正确。在一种条件下成功一次的话必须在同样的条件下都能成功。如果条件不同，科学家在证明过程中观察到的任何变化都必须解释他的条件是如何
17、变化的。这是关于调查研究在科学研究中十分重要的其中一个理由。爱因斯坦通过数学方法提出了相对论。他的数学运用的正确性被后人通过调查研究的方法证实该理论是正确的。一个科学家会用很多工具来测量。测量的结果用来进行数学计算，再进行调查研究的测试。11. What makes a scientist according to the passage? 根据这篇文章的观点科学家是如何来的？ A. The tools he uses.B. The way he uses his tools. 他使用工具的方法 C. His way of learning.D. The various tools he us
18、es.12. “The scientist, however, goes one step further”. The author says this to show _. “然而，科学家比这更进一步”作者这么说是为了说明什么？ A. the importance of informationB. the importance of thinking C. the difference between scientists and ordinary people科学家与普通人的区别 D. the difference between carpenters and people with ot
19、her jobs13. A sound scientific theory should be one that _.一项伟大的科学理论应该是怎么样的？A. works not only under one set of conditions at one time, but also under the same conditions at other times 不仅只在一种条件下一次可行，而是要在同样的条件下一直可行。 B. does not allow any changes even under different conditions C. can be used for many
20、 purposes D. leave no room for improvement14. The author quotes the case of Albert Einstein to illustrate _.作者引用爱因斯坦的例子是为了证明什么？ A. that measurements are 答案s to success in science B. that accuracy of mathematics C. that the investigations are important in science调查研究在科学领域十分重要。 D. that the mathematica
21、l calculations may test his investigations15. What is the main idea of the passage? 这篇文章的中心意思是什么？ A. The theory of relativity.B. Exactness is the core of science. C. Scientists are different from ordinary people.D. Exactness and ways of using tools are the 答案s to the making of a scientist. 确切性和使用工具的
22、方法是成为科学家的重要因素。KEY：BCACDPassage 3 One day a bookseller (书商) let a big box of books fall on his foot. “Go to see the doctor，” said his wife. “No”, he said, “Ill wait until the doctor comes into the shop next time. Then Ill ask him about my foot. If you I go to see him, Ill have to pay him.”On the next
23、 day the doctor came into the shop for some books. When the bookseller was gettinghim ready, he told the doctor about his bagd foot. The doctor look at it. “You must put that foot in hot water every night. Then you must put somthing on it,” said the deoctor.He took out a piece of paper and wrote on
24、it. “Buy this and put it on the foot before you go to bed every night，”he said.“ Thank you,” said the bookseller. “And now, sir, here are your books.”“How much？”said the doctor.“Two pounds.”“Good,”said the doctor. “I shall not have to pay you nothing.”“Why？”asked the bookseller.“I told you about you
25、r foot. I want two pounds for that. If people come to my house, I ask them to pay one pound for a small thing like that. But when I go to their houses, I want two pounds. And i came here, didnt I？”一天一位书商被一大箱书砸到了脚。他妻子说：“去看医生吧。”他说“不，我要等医生下次到店里来，然后他帮我看脚。如果到他那里看，我就给付给他诊金了。”第二天医生到书店里来买书。书商把书找齐，然后把脚伤告诉了医生
26、。医生给他看脚。医生说：“你每晚要用热水泡脚，然后上药。他拿出一张纸写下药方，说：“买这种药，然后每晚睡前涂在脚上。”书商说：“谢谢。那么，先生，这是您的书。”医生问：“多少钱？”“2英镑。”“太好了，”医生说：“我就不用付您钱了。”“为什么？”书商问道。“我给你看了脚，收你两英镑。像那样的小伤，如果到我那里看我只收一英镑。但是要我出诊，就收两英镑。而我到你这里来给你看病了，不是吗？”1. What happened to the bookseller one day? 有一天书商发生了什么事情？A. He lost a box of books. B. His foot was wounde
27、d by a box of books.C. He lent the doctor a box of books. D. He sold out all his books. 2. The booksellers wife asked him . 书商的妻子让他 . A. to go out fo some medecine B. To send somebody for a doctor C. to go to see the doctor 去看医生 D. To wait for the doctor to come3. The bookseller didnt take his wifes
28、 advice because . 书商没有接受妻子的建议是因为 . A. He was afraid of the doctor B. He didnt take to take medicineB. He couldnt walk by himself D. He didnt want to pay the doctor 他不想付钱给医生4. The doctor paid for the books. 医生支付了 买书。 Aone pound B.two pounds C. Nothing 没有 D. Something5. The bookseller paid moeny for s
29、eeing the doctor in the end. A. more 更多 B. Less C. The same amount of D.noKEY：BCDCAPassage 4 Today Newton is a very clean place. Many years ago, however, there were millions of rats in it. They attacked the cats and dogs. Sometimes a great number of them knocked down a man or woman walking home at n
30、ight. The rats were very large in size and they harmed many people.They goverment ordered everybody to kill rats. Most people were lazy, so they didnt kill many. The goverment promised to pay some money for each dead rat. The made the people very happy. They killed thousands of rats everyday. A gove
31、rment officer put all the dead rats in a big pile. Sometimes a man brought hundreds in one day.After two weeks there were not many rats in the city, but people still brought many rats to the goverment office. The goverment officer thought that people were stealing dad rats from the pile. He ordered
32、his mean to dig a deep hole and put the rats in it. Soon there were no mroe rats, and the goverment didnt pay any more momey.如今牛顿市是一个非常干净的地方。然而，很多年前，那里有上百万只老鼠。它们袭击猫狗。走夜路回家的人中，无论男女，也经常有人被一大群老鼠撞到。那些老鼠个头很大，是很多人受伤。政府下令每个人都要灭鼠。大多数人很懒，所以灭掉的不多。政府许诺会为每只死老鼠付赏金，这让人们很兴奋。 每天人们灭掉成千上万只老鼠，一名政府工作人员将死老鼠堆成一大堆。有时一个人一天
33、就带来百只死老鼠。两周后，城里就没有很多老鼠了。但人们仍然将大量死老鼠带到政府工作人员那里。他认为有人在从老鼠堆里偷死老鼠，于是命令输下挖一个深坑，将死老鼠丢进坑里。很快那里就没有老鼠了，政府也不用再付赏金了。1. Newton is a place which , 牛顿市是一个 的地方。Aused to be very clean B. Is no longer a city C is very clean很干净 D. Will be very clean2. when the goverment first ordered the people to kill rats, the peop
34、le . 当政府初次下令市民灭鼠，人们 .A. Asked for some money for each dead rat B. Stole dead rats from the pileB. Were too lazy to kill many rats 太懒所以没有大量灭鼠 D. Killed nearly all the rats quickly3.The people killed rats . 人们灭鼠 .A. To get money from the goverment 为了从政府领到赏金B. To help the goverment make the city cleanC
35、. Tomake the goverment officer happyD. To protect(保护)their cats and dogs4. A deep hole was dug so that . 挖深坑的目的是 . A. the rats couldnt come out to attack people at night. B. people could take rats from it easily C. people would kill more rats D. nobody could take any rats from the pile 没有人能从死老鼠堆里拿走老
36、鼠5. What is the best topic for this passage? 本文最佳标题是什么？ AHow to Kill Rats B. Newton- A City of Rats C. How Newton Became a Very Clean Place 牛顿市如何成为一个干净的地方 D. How Newton Became a Famous CityKEY: CCADCPassage 5 Mr. Froster lived by himself a long way form town. He hardly ever left his home, but one da
37、y he went iinto town to buy some things in the market. After he had bought them, he went into a restaurant ans sat down at a table by himself. When he looked around, he saw several old people put glasses on before reading their man newspapers, so after lunch he decided to go to a shop to buy himself
38、 some glasses too. He walked along the road, and soon found a shop.The man in the shop made him try on a lot of glasses, but Tom always said, “No, i cant read with these.”The man became more and more puzzled (迷惑不解)，until fianlly he said, “Excuse me, but can you read at all？”“No, of course i cant！” T
39、om said angrily. “If I was already able to read, do you think i would have come here to buy glasses？”汤姆.福瑞斯特先生独自一人住在离城镇很远的地方。他几乎足不出户，但有一天，他到城里的市场上买点东西。 买完后，他走进一家餐馆，单独坐在桌边。 环顾四周， 他看到几位老人读报纸前都先戴上眼镜，所以午餐后， 他决定到商店去给自己也买副眼镜。沿街走着，很快就找到一家店。店员让他试戴了好几副眼镜，单汤姆总是说：“不，我戴这副眼镜无法阅读。”店员越来越感到迷惑不解，知道最后他问道：“恕我失礼，但请问您究竟
40、会阅读吗？”“当然不会啦！”汤姆生气地说：“如果我已经能够阅读的话，你以为我还会来这儿买眼镜吗？”1. Mr. Forester lived . 福瑞斯特先生居住 .A. With his family in a city B. With his family in the countrysideB. Alone in a city D. Alone in the countryside 独自一人在乡村2. Tom went into town. 汤姆 进城。Aoften B.always C. Almost never 几乎从不 D. Everyday3. The old people in
41、 the restaurant read their newspapers . 餐馆里的老人读报纸 。A with glasses on 戴着眼镜 B. with glasses off C. With glasses of beer in front of them D. with glasses pipes in their mouths4. The shop Tom went into sold . 汤姆走进的那家店卖 .A. drinking glasses and cups B. glass for windowss and colorsC. glasses for people w
42、ho could not read D. Glasses for people who could not see well 眼镜给视力不好的人5. what kind of mistake did Tom make？ 汤姆犯了什么错误？ AHe went to the wrong kind of shop. B. He didnt try on all the glasses in the shop C. He thought that a person who had not learned to read would be able to do so if he wore glasses
43、.他认为不会阅读的人戴上眼镜就能阅读了。D.He left his money in the restaurant KEY：DCADCPassage 6 Once James Thornhill, a famous English painter, was asked to paint some pictures on the walls of the kings palace in England.Then workers were sent for and a big platform(台子) was made.With the help of a worker, Thornhill st
44、arted painting on the plastform. They worked for a whole yeara and at last the pictures were ready.Thornhill was happy when he looked at the pictures, for they were really beautifu. He looked at them for a long time, and then took one step back and looked again. Now the pictures were even more beaut
45、iful. He took another step, then another. Finally he was at the very edge of the platform, but he didnt know it because he was thinking of his picture. The worker saw everything. “what should i do？” he thought. “Thornhill was at the very edge of the platform. If I cry out, he will take another step,
46、 fall off in and surely be killed.” So the worker quickly took some paint (漆)and threw iin at the pictures.“what are you doing？”cried the painter, running quickly forward to his pictures.詹姆斯.桑希尔是一名英国画家。有一次，他奉命在皇宫的墙壁上作画。之后派来了一些工匠，支起一个平台。在一名工匠的帮助下， 桑希尔开始在平台上作画。他们工作了一整你，油画终于完成。桑希尔望着油画很开心，因为那些油画是很美丽。他看了很长时间，然后退一步再看，现在感觉更美了。他又退一步，然后再退一步， 最后已经很靠近平台边缘了， 但是并不知道，因为他只想着自己的画。工匠看到了一切。“我该怎么做呢？”他想到，“桑希尔已经在平台的边缘了，如果大声喊叫，他会再退一步，从平台上掉下来， 肯定会死。”于是工匠迅速拿油漆泼向油画。“你在干吗？”画家喊道，飞快的向油画跑来。1. James Thornhill was an