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1、Plant tissue cultureChapter 1 Introduction,keynote speakerHong Sen-rong（Associate professor ）（College of Life Sciences ）,TotipotencyGrowth regulatorsPlant tissue culture,Section 1 Basic concept of plant tissue culture,1、 Concept of plant tissue cultureSterile, manual control, culture medium, regener
2、ated cells or whole plants.Also known as plant culture in vitro.,2、Characteristics of plant tissue culture,（1）Sterile（2）Artificial culture medium（3）Culture materials：Organ，tissue，cell explants,（4）Clone or organ (root and bud)（5）Enclosed container（6）Temperature, light intensity, time: all been artifi
3、cially set.,3、Research types and tasks of plant tissue culture,（1）Research typeTissue cultureOrgan cultureEmbryo cultureCell cultureProtoplast culture,（2）Research task,Production of secondary metabolitesGermplasm innovation and variety breedingRapid propagationVirus-free plantlet cultivation Artific
4、ial seed productionConservation in vitro of Germplasm Resources,Section 2Formation and development of plant tissue culture,1、Pioneering of plant tissue culture（1）Cell theory（2）First papers on plant tissue culture：,G. Haberlandt，1902，GermanyPut forward： Totipotency,Experiment material ：Wild sesame野芝麻
5、,Experiment material ： dayflower鸭跖草,Experiment material ： Eichhornia凤眼兰,Experiment material： Ornithogalum caudatum虎眼万年青,Selected materials：Palisade cell,Epidermal cells,Epidermal hair,Knop culture medium（balanced nutrient solution）1865，Knop， a variety of chemical composition （proportion of different
6、 components）But it is a pity for him to fail? WHY?,2、foundation of plant tissue culture,1933: China, Li Jidong and Shen Tong: the use of natural extracts of tissue culture.,1926-1948: Plant hormones have been found.,AuxinIAA,1953: W.H.Muir，liquid culture.,Cell suspension culture,1958: The discovery
7、of somatic embryo.,Similar to zygotic embryo,3、The establishment of plant tissue culture,1960，G. Morel. He obtained the PLBs by shoot tip culture, cultured Cymbidium hubridum virus-free plants and achieved a rapid propagation method, which developed into the orchid industry.,Cymbidium hubridum,PLBs,
8、protocorm-like bodies,1962: Murashinge and Skoog, medium in tobacco, is now widely used famous MS medium.,1960：E. C. Cocking started protoplast culture.,1972：P.S.Carlson, protoplast fusion.,1953-1982：Pollen culture.,1969：The major medicinal components were produced in cell suspension culture.,Sectio
9、n 3 Application and prospect of plant tissue culture,1、 Rapid propagation in-vitro2、Virus-free plantlet cultivation3、Cultivation of new varieties and new species,Variety improvement and distant hybridizationSelection in vitro of mutants Haploid 单倍体 breeding,4、Secondary metabolite productionGinsenosi
10、de人参皂苷 , paclitaxel紫杉醇 , shikonin 紫草素 etc.5、conservation In vitro of plant germplasm resourcesSave manpower, material resources and land.,6、Artificial seed：1978 Murashinge.,New germplasms were created by plant gene engineering techniques;,Plant cell culture and its production of secondary metabolites on a large scale.,See you next week！,