牛津译林版七级英语知识点归纳--2.docx

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1、精品名师归纳总结牛津译林版初一英语上学期Unit 4-6重 点 词 组need a lot of energy需要大量的能量want to be a dancer想要成为一名舞蹈家a healthy diet健康的饮食keep fit保持健康a top student顶尖同学do some exercise进行运动be careful with her diet当心她的饮食pocket money零花钱give advice on在给建议/忠告free time闲暇时间five cartons of milk五纸盒牛奶a poor area贫困的区a packet of salt一袋盐how

2、often多久一次how longlie on the couch多久躺在长沙发上notany moremuch better再也不好多了so many bananas如此多的香蕉stay healthy保持健康askfor help向寻求帮忙music box音乐盒take a look看一看askto do叫某人干某事many kinds of各种各样的never mind没关系the sameas和一样show around四处看看electrical shop电器商店sports shop体育商店flower shop花店shoe shop鞋店invite somebody to邀请某

3、人到wait for one s turn等着轮到某人clothes shoptop floor服装商店顶楼stay outa fashion show不回家、呆在户外时装表演look colourful看上去颜色丰富long red leather boots红色长统皮靴dress up in white trousers 穿白裤子just a minute稍等片刻choose what to wear挑选穿什么make my feet feel hot使我的脚感到热be made of用做成fast food快餐spendon something在某物身上花(时间或金钱)wear her

4、hair in a 1990s style把她的头发扎成20 世纪 90 岁月的样式raise money for Project Hope为期望工程筹款语 法 精 讲1You never exercise.你从来不锤炼。 I never do any exercise. 我从来不锤炼。Do you do morning exercises at school你. 们在学校做早操吗?(Unit 2 )exercise 有动词和名词两种词性。作为动词时, exercise 说明为“锤炼”。“为名词时,exercise说明为“锤炼” (“时, exercise 是不行数名词)或“练习”(“时, e

5、xercise 是可数名词) 。如: do morning exercises 做早操 ; do eye exercises 做眼保健操 ; do Math exercises 做数学练习How often do you exercise.你多久锤炼一次?You must take more exercise. 你必需都进行运动。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结2It s very easy for me to get tired when I dance当.我跳舞时,我很简单疲惫。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结

6、It is +形容词+ for somebody ) o do something的意思是“对某人来说干某时很”。“如: It is a little difficult for the boy to work out the problem.对那男孩来说,要解出那题目有点困难。It is very happy for me to make friends with you.(对我来说) ,很兴奋和你成为伴侣。It is important for everyone to keep healthy.对每个人来说,保持健康很重要。另外, when 引导的是时间状语从句,意思是“当的时候”。“当留

7、意的是时间状语从句中, 无将来时态。 假如要表达一般将来时态或过去将来时态的含义,从句中需用一般现在时态或一般过去时态代替,而主句的时态不受影响。如: Please give it to your teacher when you get to school tomorrow.Will you please buy some juice for me when you go to the shop after school. I wondered what he would say when he met his wife.3I need to keep fit. 我需要保持健康。need t

8、o do something 的意思是 “需要干某事” ,“时的 need 是实意动词。 need do something的意思是“需要干某事”,“干某事是必要的,此时的need 是情态动词。如: Do they need to take off their shoes. No, they don t. 他们需要脱鞋吗?不,不必了。You need think it over again before you do it.在你做之前,你有必要在考虑一下。Must I clean the office at once. No, you needn t. 我必需马上打扫办公室吗?不,你不必。4H

9、ow beautiful Sandy is.桑迪是多么美丽!“ How +形容词 / 副词+ 主语+ 谓语+ 其它成分+!”构“感叹句。感叹句仍有一 个常用形式是 “What +名词短语 (通常含形容词) + 主语+ 谓语+其它成分+ !”。 “们的意思均为 “某物或某人多么啊!”。“如:How sunny the weather is today.今日的天气多晴朗啊!How carefully the boy is writing on the blackboard.那个男孩在黑板上写得多仔细啊!What a sunny day it is today.今日的天气多晴朗啊!What tall

10、 buildings they are. = How tall the buildings are.多么高的楼房啊!5I dont eat them any more. 我再也不吃它们了。notany more 的意思是“再也不”,“可转换成“no more”。“似的表达方式仍有: notany longer = no longer 。如: I don t eat them any more. = I no more eat them.The baby didn t cry any more. = The baby no more cried.那宝宝再也不哭了。 You are no long

11、er a child. = You are not a child any longer.你再也不是个孩子了。 The famous doctor didn t live in this town any longer.= The famous doctor no longer lived in this town.那位闻名的医生再也不住在这个镇上了。6I feel much better now. 我感觉好多了。“much +比较级”的“思是“多了”。“如: much older老多了。muchheavier重多了。much more expensive贵多了。另外,可用于修饰比较级的副词仍

12、有:even, far, any 及短语 a little( a little 后也可跟原形) 。如: His father is even fatter than him.他的父亲甚至比他仍胖。This story is far more interesting than that one.这个故事比那个好玩得多了。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结I cant run any faster. 我再也跑不快了。Did you get to school a little earlier today.你今日到学校早点了吗?7名词1)专出名词专出名词是指特定的人、的方、事物或概念,

13、而这些人、的方、事物或概念实际上被认为是独一无二。专出名词开头字母要大写,前面一般不用冠词。如:人名: Tom、Mr. Smith称呼: Dad、Uncle Li 、Granny的名:Oxford Street 、Queen Road的理名称: America 、 Tokyo、 Africa月份、星期、节日和季节:October、Tuesday、Christmas 、spring 一般小写,也可大写可在前面加上冠词the 的专出名词: the Great Wall、the Thames、the U.S.A. 、the P.R.C.。2)一般名词一般名词可分为可数名词和不行数名词。可数名词有单数

14、和复数形式之分。不行数名词没有单数或复数形式。A 可数名词的变化如下表所示:发音以元音开头的名词an orange,an umbrella,an hour,an “L”单数发音以辅音开头的名词a book,a house,a university,a uniform加-sbooks,sweaters,boys,days,radios, photos, Americans,Germans,pianos,months可可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结以 -s, -x, -sh, -ch 及某些复数数-o 结尾的单词后加-eswatches,matches,boxes,buses,d

15、ishes, potatoes,tomatoes,classes可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结名词不规章变化变 y 为 i ,再加 -esfactory factories, story stories,study studies变 f 或 fe 为 v,再加 -esshelf shelves,wife wives,half halveswoman women,postman postmen,变 man 为 menpoliceman policemen,Frenchman Frenchmensheep sheep,Chinese Chinese,单、复数同形Japanese

16、Japanese,deer deer其它变化tooth teeth,foot feet,child children, mouse mice,ox oxen可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结留意:带有性别的一些名词短语的复数形式的变化。如,a woman doctor - women doctors, a man worker - men workers 。B 不行数名词的量一般借助量词来表示。凡是量词都是可数名词,因此需说明量词的单、复数情形。如: two pieces of bread二片面包a box of tea一盒茶叶five cartons of milk五纸盒牛奶t

17、hree bottles of water三瓶水a glass of juice一玻璃杯果汁ten bars of chocolate十块巧克力8There be 句型与 have / has1) There be 结构表示“某的存在着某人或某物”。 “ave / has 表示“某人或动物拥有某人或某物”。 “如: There is a nice skirt on the bed.床上有一条好看的短裙。Lucy has a nice skirt.露茜有一条好看的短裙。Are there any basketballs in your school.你们学校里有篮球吗?Do you have a

18、ny basketballs.你有篮球吗?2)就近原就可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结There be 结构要遵循就近原就。如: There is a book and some pens on the desk. 在课桌上有一本书和一些钢笔。There are some pens and a book on the desk. 在课桌上有一些钢笔和一本书。9I think you can buy him a football. 我想你可以买只足球给他。I can buy a yo-yo for him. 我可以买个溜溜球给他。buy somebody something 相当

19、于 buy something for somebody,意思是“买某物给某人”。“如 : My best friend bought me some CDs as my birthday presents. = My best friend bought some CDs for me as my birthday presents.我的好伴侣买了一些CD 给我作为我的生日礼 物。The students are going to buy their teachers some flowers. = The students are going to buy some flowers for

20、 their teachers.同学们准备给他们的老师们买写花。10The shopkeeper asks Amy to buy a CD for her friend.店主叫艾米买张CD 给她的伴侣。ask somebody to dosomething 的意思是“叫要求某人做某事”。“似的短语仍有:tell somebody to do something“告知某人干某事” 。“如:Why do you always ask me to do the samething.你为何总叫我做同样的事?Tell all your classmates to wait here.告知你全部的同班同学

21、在这儿等着。11现在进行时1)现在进行时所表达的含义A. 现在正在发生或进行的大事或动作。常用的时间状语有:now,at the moment。如: What are they doing. They are drinking milk.他们正在干嘛?他们正在喝牛奶。Is the little monkey climbing the tree now.现在那只小猴子在爬树吗?B. 目前一段时期的活动或现在一阶段正在进行的动作。 如: The Brown family is traveling around the world these days.这几天布郎一家正在环球旅行。Are you l

22、earning to drive all the time.你始终在学开车吗?C. 有些动词的现在进行时可表达将要发生的动作,一般后接时间状语。如:come、go、leave、arrive 、begin、start 等。如: When are we leaving.我们什么时候动身?John is arriving here in ten minutes.约翰非常钟后到这儿。She isnt coming to meet you until five.她直到五点才会来见你。2)现在进行时中动词加-ing 的规章一般情形直接加 -ingcarry- rrying;meet meeting;dra

23、w drawing。see seeing;say saying;以不发音的e 结尾去掉 e,再加 -ingwrite writing;rideriding;useusing以 ie 结尾变 ie 为 y,再加 -ingdiedying;tie tying;lie lying可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结以重读笔音节字母结尾双写词末字母,再加 -ingswim swimming;putputting; begin beginning;stop stopping可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结12I can spend 10 more minutes in bed

24、 then我.仍可以再睡 10 分钟。more 被置于数字后面时,它的意思是“仍、再、又” 。“有同样用法的仍有 another。假如 another 被置于数字前面时,它也具有“仍、再、又”的“思。但如 another 后面的数字为 1 时,往往不把“ 1”翻“出来。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结如: Could you give us three more days ? = Could you give us another three days.我们的时间不够。你能再给我们三天时间吗?Would you like to eat one more mango. = Wou

25、ld you like to eat another mango.你想要再吃只芒果吗?13Today we are going to show you clothes from the 1970s to the 1990s.今日我们将向你们展现20 世纪 70 岁月到 20 世纪 90 岁月的服装。the 1970s 相当于 the 70s of the 20 th century,读作“ the nineteen seventies”,意思是“ 20世纪 70 岁月”。“常这一短语中的年份都是以0 结尾的年份,如1860、2021 等。短语中的 the 或 s 均不能省略。如: He was

26、 born in the 1740s.他诞生在十八世纪四十岁月。This movie will tell us a story happened in the 1930s.这部影片将告知我们一个发生在二十世纪三十岁月的故事。14Simon looked colourful.西蒙看上去(穿得)很艳丽。look 的意思是“看上去” ,“于系动词。系动词后面接形容词,不用副词, 而且无被动语 态。类似的系动词仍有:seem 好像 、sound 听上去 、smell(闻起来)、taste(尝起来)、feel(感觉)等。如: Your daughter looks very happy.你女儿看上去很兴

27、奋。The new song sounds really beautiful.那首新歌听起来真的动听。 Her paintings didn t seem very popular.她的画好像不是很受欢迎。 Did the old lady feel excited.那位年长的女士感到兴奋吗?How does the cake smell. V ery delicious.蛋糕闻上去如何?很美味。I think the fish must taste good.我想这鱼肯定尝起来很好吃。15I wore a black skirt, long red boots and a red blous

28、e.我穿了条黑色的短裙,红色长靴和一件红色衬衣。关于形容词的一般排列次序如下:“观点-尺寸-新旧-外形 -颜色-产的-材料-属性+ 名词” “:some expensive small green Australian cotton toys一些昂贵的澳大利亚小型绿色棉布玩具There is a large old round wooden tablein my home.在我家有一张旧的大圆木桌。They built a nice little Chinese restaurant他们建造了一家美丽的中国小餐馆。16一般过去式用一般过去时时,通常指动作何时发生,而不指动作连续多久。常与之连用

29、的时间状语有 yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week, three days ago, just now 等。A 表示过去发生的而现在已经终止的大事、动作或情形。如: Sam phoned me a moment ago.萨姆刚才打电话给我了。Did you meet my mother this morning.你今日早晨遇到我母亲了吗?B过去的习惯表示过去的习惯性动作如: My husband smoked forty cigarettes a day when he was young.我丈夫年轻时一天抽40 支烟。How often

30、 did you go swimming in the university.你在高校时多久去游泳一次?C表示刚刚发生过的事情,而不必说明时间。如: We watched the fashion show in the park.我们在公园里观看了时装秀。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结Who forgot to close the door.谁忘了关门了?D表示客气的询问有时一般过去时并不表示过去的时间,它也可用来表示客气的询问(特别是请别人帮忙)。如: Could you pass the cup to me.你能把杯子递给我吗?Would you come to my b

31、irthday party.你要来参与我的生日聚会吗?典题解析1 What will you do after you finish all of your math . I want to take some .A. exercise, exerciseB. exercise, exercisesC. exercises, exerciseD. exercises, exercises解析:答案选C。本句的意思是“做完全部的数学练习后你要干什么?我想要锤炼一下。”因“,前一个空格是指“练习” ,“可数名词。后一个空格的含义是“锤炼”,“不行数名词。故答案应选C。2 Could you tel

32、l me when she . I don t know, but she will call me when she .A. comes, comesB. will come, comesC. will come, will comeD. comes, will come解析:答案选B 。题目的意思是 “你能告知我她什么时候来吗?我不知道, 但是当她来的时候, 她会打电话给我的。”题“中的两个 when 的含义很重要,对挑选起着打算性的作用。 when 说明为“什么时候”时“它只是一个疑问词,其后的句子可以使用将来时。但如 when 说明为“当 的时候”时“它是一个时间状语连词, 其引导的从

33、句中不能使用将来时, 要用一般现在时代替。故依据句意应选 B。3 Look. Why is this tie expensive than that one.A. muchB. soC. so moreD. much more解析:答案选D 。第一,句中有than,因此这是一句含比较意思的句子。那么,expensive 是多音节单词。它的比较级应是more expensive。其次,能用来修饰比较级的副词是much,而不是so。so, very, quite ,too 等副词后只能接形容词或副词的原级。故应选答案D 。4 I don t like this pair of hair clips

34、. Could you show me pair.A. moreB. anotherC. another oneD. the other解析:答案选B 。句子意思是“我不喜爱这对发卡。能不能再给我看一对?”m“re 虽有“再”的“义,但它 必需接在数词后面。another 有“另一个”的“义,且当数量为“一”时“通常省略“one”。 “he other 的意思是“(两者中的)另一个” ,“本句的主人公是在购物,因而商店里不行能只有两对发卡。因此,符合句意的是表示“(多个中的)另一个”的“nother。故应选答案B。5 Look at the stars in the sky. How they

35、 are.A. bright starsB. brightlyC. brightD. brightly stars解析:答案选C。感叹句的结构常用结构有两种:How+ 形容词 / 副词+ 主语+ 谓语+ 其它成分+ !和可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结What +名词短语(通常含形容词)+ 主语+ 谓语+ 其它成分+ !。此题中所采纳的是第一种句型,所以,应挑选形容词或是副词。有相当一部分副词是由“形容词+ly ”转“而来的。那么, bright 是形容词, brightly 是副词。依据本句的结构,应为they are bright 。故应选答案 C。6 How do you

36、 like the sweater. I like it very much.A. blue smart woolen AmericanB. woolen American blue smartC. smart blue American woolenD. smart American blue woolen解析:答案选C。blue 是“兰色”,“示颜色。 woolen 是“羊毛的” ,“示材料。 American 是“美国的” ,“示产的。smart 是“时髦的”,“示说话人的观点。那么, 依据形容词的一般排列次序“观点-尺寸-新旧-外形-颜色-产的-材料-属性”,“四个形容词的排列次序为

37、smart, blue, American, woolen,故应选答案C。7 Mr. Road our city in 1999. Could you tell me if he our city next year.A. visited, would visitB. visited, will visitC. visits, would visitD. visits, will visit解析:答案选B 。在第一句中, in 1999 是个过去的时间,因此visit 应是过去时形式visited 。其次句是个宾语 从句。在宾语从句中从句的时态通常随主句的变化而变化。可在本句中,could 并

38、不含有过 去时的意义, 只是表示语气上的动听,因而, 从句仍应保持一般将来时即可。故应选答案B 。8 The baby ill. It should after well.A. is looked, be lookedB. is looked, lookC. looks, be lookedD. looks, look解析:答案选C。题目的意思是“这婴儿看上去病了。它应当被好好的照料。 ”第“个 look 是一个系动词,意思是“看上去” ,“此,它没有被动语态。其次个 look 是一个实意动词,与 after 一起构成短语“ look after ”,“思是“照料” ,“此,它有被动语态。故应

39、选答案 C。9 The new gloves well. All of them out this afternoon.A. sold, soldB. sold, were soldC. were sold, soldD. were sold, were sold解析:答案选B 。sell well 的意思是 “卖得好、 销路好”,“有被动语态。 sell out 的意思是 “卖光”,“被动语态。故应选答案B 。10 The poor man was made in the park last night.A. to sleepB. sleepC. sleepingD. slept解析:答案选

40、A 。句子的意思是“那可怜的人昨晚被迫睡在了公园里。”虽“, make somebody do something说明为“使某人干某事” ,“主动语态中make 后接的动词要使用原形,但是在被动语态中原本省略的动词不定式to 必需复原, 构成“be made to do something”,“思是 “被使得干某事” 。 “应选答案A 。综 合 练 习 ( A)可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结听 力 部 分I. 听下面 5 个句子。依据你所听到的内容挑选恰当的答语。每个句子读两遍。5% 1. A. 45 minutes.B. 60 minutes.C. 90 minutes.D

41、. 120 minutes. 2. A. Of course.B. Yes, please.C. Yes, I can.D. Sure, here you are. 3. A. Yes, we have.B. Yes, thats right. C. No, we do.D. No, we haven t. 4. A. Yes, I love to.B. Yes, twice.C. Maybe.D. Yes, Im going to. 5. A. All right.B. Thank you.C. Yes, please.D. It s very kind of you.II. 听下面5 段对

42、话。每段对话后有一个小题。请依据所听对话内容和问题挑选正确答案。每段对话读两遍。 ( 5%) 1. A. A farmer.B. A teacher.C. A doctor.D. A worker. 2. A. Dumplings.B. Bread.C. Chicken.D. Cakes. 3. A. 2 dollars.B. 2.50 dollars.C. 2.15 dollars.D. 2.25 dollars. 4. A. In the U.S.A.B. In the UK.C. In the UN.D. In the PRC. 5. A. He will watch TV .B. He

43、 will go to a cinema.C. He will go to work.D. He will go to see a doctor.III. 听下面一篇短文,回答以下5 个问题。短文读两遍。5% 1. Before they married, the young man and the young woman .A. lived far from each otherB. were neighboursC. lived near each otherD. were in the same village 2. How many people were there in the y

44、oung man s family before they got married.A. Only five.B. More than six.C. About five.D. Only six. 3. The woman left new home .A. to visit her own parents.B. to see if the elephant would follow herC. Because she was angry with her husbandD. because she didnt like the large family 4. After the young woman left her husband s home, the eleph

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