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1、精品名师归纳总结8BUnit 1Past and present【短语学习重点 】Comic strip Welcome to the unit1.an hour ago一小时前p.6 2.used to share food with me过去常常与我共享食物 p.6 3.go to school by bike骑自行车上学p.74.take a bus to school乘公共汽车上学p.7Reading5 . knowvery well特别明白p.86. since I was born自我诞生以来p.8 7 . live in the northern part of town 住在城
2、镇的北部p.88. get married结婚p.89. move two blocks away搬到两个街区以外p.810. since then从那以后p.811. change a lot转变很多p.812. over the years在这些年期间p.813. in the town centre在镇中心p.814. turninto把变成p.815. a steel factory一家钢铁厂p.916. put the waste into the river把废料扔进河里p.917. take action to improve the situation实行行动改善情形p.918
3、. much cleaner洁净得多p.919. in some ways在某种程度上，在某些方面p.920. have a beautiful modern town拥有一个漂亮现代化的城镇p.921. most of my old friends我的大多数老伴侣p.9 22.move away搬走p.923. see each other as often as before和过去一样频繁的见到彼此p.9 24 play cards and Chinese chess打牌，下中国象棋p.925. feel a bit lonely from time to time有时感到有点孤独p.9
4、26.the amazing changes令人诧异的转变p.9 27.have an interview with sb.采访某人p.928. all ones life一生p.11Grammar29. repair over ten bicycles修十多辆自行车p.14可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结30. the changes in Beijing北京的变化p.1431. over the past century上个世纪期间p.1432. learn more about更多明白关于p.14Integrated skills33. clean and fresh a
5、ir洁净新奇空气p.15 34.living condition居住环境p.1535.railway station火车站p.15 36.travel to and from the town by bus乘公交进出城镇p.1637.another big change另一个大变化p.16 38.used to live in old houses过去住在旧房子里p.16 39.move into new flats搬进新的公寓p.1640. return from the USA从美国回来p.1641. go abroad出国，去国外p.1642. at primary school在学校p
6、.16 43.keep in touch with each other相互保持联络 p.16 municate by email通过电子邮件沟通 p.16 45.make communication much easier使沟通更简单 p.16Study Skills46. be/get used to doing sth习惯于（干）某事p.1747. on ones own独自的，独立的p.17Task48. narrow and dirty roads又窄又脏的大路 p.19 49.wide and clean streets宽敞而洁净的街道 p.19 50.green trees on
7、 birth sides两边绿树p.1951. open spaces开阔的空的p.1952. in their free time在他们的闲暇时间p.19 53.enjoy a comfortable life享受舒适的生活p.19【句型学习重点 】1.You used to be so kind to me.你过去对我那么好。P.6 2.It took a long time to wait for the next one.等下一辆公共汽车要花费很长时间。p.73. Do you know Sunshine Town very well, Mr Chen.陈先生，你对阳光镇很明白吗？p.
8、8可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结4. When I got married in 1965, my wife and I moved two blocks away and weve lived in this area since then.当我 1965 年结婚时，我和我的妻子搬到两个街区以外， 此后始终住在这里。 p.85. It has become impossible for us to see each other as often as before.对我们来说像以前一样常常见面变得不行能。p.8 6.Anyway, it s good to see the
9、amazing changes in the town.不管怎样，能看到小镇这些令人赞叹的变化，仍是不错的。p.8 7.We havent seen each other since then.p.16我们自从那时就再也没见过。8.Many changes have taken place in Moonlight Town over the years.这些年月光镇发生了很多变化。p.19【难点解析】重要语言点讲解1. Have you seen my food.解析：此句时态是现在完成时疑问形式。现在完成时由“主语+have/has +动词过去分词形式 ”构成。它的要义在于表达过去已经发生
10、的事情对现在造成的某种影响，或者，强调过去发生的事情始终连续到现在的状态。1）I ve I have eaten it. eat ate eaten2）You ve changed ./ You ve changed too.For example:A: Have you studied English for ten years. B: Yes, I have. And you.A: No, I haven t.B: Then how many years have you learnt English. A:I have learnt it for eight years.2. Ive j
11、ust eaten it.我刚才把它吃了。just adv. 意为“刚才”常与完成时连用。他们刚刚到达。They have just arrived.留意： just now 意为 “刚才 ”，相当于 “a moment ago”通常与一般过去时连用。我刚才去了图书馆。I went to the library just now.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结3. You used to share food with me.你过去常与我共享食物！used to do sth.意为“过去常常做某事，以前常常做某事”，表示过去的习惯。本身已是过去时态，没有人称和数的变化，暗含现
12、在已不再如此。1他的父母过去住在乡下。His parents used to live in the countryside.2Tom 过去常常早起，不是吗？Tom used to get up early, didnt he./usednt he.be used to doing sth习. 惯于做某事我父亲习惯晚饭后读报。My father is used to reading newspapers after dinner.be used to do被用来做A pen is used to write with.笔是用来写的。4. share v. 共用。共享共享某物share sth和
13、某人共享某物share sth with sb留意： share sb sth没有这种表达方式！5. past n. 意为“过去 ”。她正在回忆过去。She is thinking of the past. past adj.意为“过去的 ” 他病了三周了。He has been ill for the past three weeks.in the past 过去in the past few years在过去的几年中6.presentn. 现在，目前at presentn.礼物7. to the north of 在北面（范畴之外） in the north of 在北部（范畴之内） on
14、 the north of 在北边（接壤）Our school is to the north of the times supermarket .我们学校在时代超市北面。Beijing is in the north of China.北京在中国北部。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结Shandong is on the north of Jiangsu.山东位于江苏北面。8. lonely,alone 的区分：Lonely 作表语，表示心灵内部的孤独孤寂。alone 指单独、独自的意思，作表语。例如： He is alone, but he never feels lonel
15、y.他虽然单身一人，但从不感到孤独孤寂。此外 lonely仍能作定语，表示荒芜的、偏僻的、偏远的a lonely village一个遥远的村庄9. from time to time不时，有时，有时sometimes有时some times几次sometime 某时 some time一段时间1) He feels lonely from time to time. 2He feels lonely sometimes.3He spent some time doing his homework.a. lot; lots of; a bit; a little; a few.1) Thanks
16、 a lot.2) There are lots of birds in the tree.3) He feels a bit/a little lonely from time to time. 4There is a bit of/a little water in the cup.5A few students are good at drawing.11.turn;turninto1The tree turns green. vt 2Its your turn now. n.3They turned the place into a big cinema.12. marryvt/vim
17、arry sbmarriedadj.be/get married to sb1) The boy will marry the pretty girl and the girl is willing to marry him.那个男孩子将会娶那个女孩子，那个女孩也情愿嫁给他。2) She has been married to Mr.Wang.3) They are going to get marriedon New Year Dsay.13. wife wives可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -可编辑
18、资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结A thief s wfei used a knife on the shelf and half a leaf to kill a wolf去.14. It s +adj.easy, important, bad, nice+for sb. to do对某人来说做是（简单的，重要的，坏的，好的）1) It is important for us to grasp a foreign language.把握一门外语对我们来说是重要的。2) It is necessary for us students to listen carefully in cl
19、ass.对我们同学来说上课仔细听是必要的。f/fe 为 ves可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结【语法学习难点 】现在完成时的用法一、现在完成时的含义1. 表示过去已完成的动作对现在产生的影响，常与“already”、“yet”、“just”等连用。e.g. He has already had breakfast现. 在饱了 2. 也可表示过去发生的动作连续到现在，常与“ since自”从、 “for”等连用。e.g. I have lived here since I was born.3. 表示一个过去的动作直到现在发生的次数。e.g. I have already rea
20、d this book three times.二、现在完成时的构成1现在完成时的确定句句型 主语（第一、二人称单/复数） +have+过去分词主语（第三人称复数）+have +过去分词主语（第三人称单数）+has+过去分词 have has 为助动词e.g. He has already had his lunch.e.g. I have just finished my homework.2现在完成时的否定句句型主语+have/has nothavent/hasnt+过去分词e.g. I have not seen the movie yet.e.g. She hasn t eaten i
21、t.3现在完成时的一般疑问句Have/Has+主语+过去分词 +？e.g. Have you finished the work.e.g. Has she arrived here.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -e.g. Have they eaten supper.三、过去分词的构成A .规章动词的过去分词（参照动词的过去式变化规章）
22、B .不规章动词的过去分词（书P122-123）四、用法1：表示过去开头的动作或状态已经终止，但是对现在有影响。这种用法常与 already, just, yet, ever, never, times次数 等连用 .e.g. Look. The blackboard is so clean now. He has already cleaned the blackboard.这句话所表示强调的结果是黑板现在是洁净的。他已经擦过黑板了。 现在完成时的时间副词和时间短语:1副词 already 和 yet。already 一般用于确定句中， yet 一般用于否定句和疑问句中。e.g. We ha
23、ve already finished our homework.2副词 ever 和 never。多用于否定或疑问句中，表示“曾经”或“从未“等。e.g. Have you ever been to the Great Wall.你曾经去过长城吗 .3用 just 表示到说话时为止的时间状语,e.g. I have just seenher, but I don t know where she is now .留意：当在确定陈述句中含有already 或 just 时，在转换成否定句或疑问句时，要把句中的 already 或 just 去掉，在句末加上yet.e.g.I I have do
24、ne my homework already. I haven t done my homework yet.用法 2.:表示过去的动作始终连续到现在甚至将来时间状语: since, for过去的时间点since 1990, since last year现在完成时 + since +时间段 +agosince three years ago句子（一般过去时）since I went to schoole.g. He has gone to Beijing since 3 years ago.现在完成时 + for +一段时间for three yearse.g. I have studied
25、 English for ten years.【疑难题导析 】1) He has never a pen before.A. loseB. to loseC. lostD. losing解析答案为 C。 此题主要考查现在完成时态对谓语动词的要求。现在完成时态谓语动词的结构是have has+ 过去分词。 此题空白处需要过去分词， 这样 A 、可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 10 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结B、D 都不对。2) 误： The t
26、wins have not got home already.正： The twins have not got home yet.解析：此题主要考查yet 与 already 的用法区分，两个词都是副词，常与完成时 态连用。 yet 用于否定句和疑问句，提通常置于句尾。already 常用于确定句，当用于疑问句时， 表示诧异或期望得到确定的答复，不用于否定句中， 它可以在主要动词之前，也可置于句末。3) Jim has been at the factory two years ago.A. forB. sinceC. beforeD. after解析：答案为 B。 此题主要考查时间状语与谓
27、语的关系。for 后跟时间段表示一段时间 ,since 后跟时间段 +ago，表示一段时间 ,before 表示在什么时间之前,after 就表示在什么时间之后。本句是完成时态， 指自两年前以来如何， 且两年前是个时间的（起） 点，因此，此处应用since.4误:I saw the film twice already.正:Ive seen the film twice already.解析。此题主要是一般过去时态与现在完成时态的概念错误。这电影我已看过两遍，说明我现在对电影内容很明白，故要用现在完成时态。5 you your watch.- no, .A. Did, find out, I
28、didn tB. Have, found, not yetC. Have, looked for, I haventD. did, find, not yet答案选“B”。全句应用现在完成时， 强调到现在为止的情形 “是否找到了手表” ，答语。 Not yet 相当于说I havent found it yet.6I have never seen the film .A. agoB. just nowC. beforeD. later答案选“C”。 动词时态为现在完成时， 与之搭配的词必需是Ever, never, already, yet, before, recently 等词。而ago
29、, just now等只能用于一般过去时句子中，用later 意思不通【专项练习 】一、单项挑选题1. How long have you here.A. comeB. gotC. arrivedD. been可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结I. have finished my homework . Have you finished your homework .A. yet, yetB. yet, alreadyC. already, yetD. already, already3. Jane has to Beijing. She will come back tomo
30、rrow.A. beenB. goneC. wentD. never been4. It is ten years I last saw her.A. afterB. sinceC. forD. that5. -Who will go to the station to meet Lorry.-I will. I her several times.A. metB. have metC. had metD. will meet6. -What a nice dress. How long you it.-Just 2 weeks.A. will, buyB. did, buyC. are, h
31、avingD. have, had 7.-Do you know Lydia very well.-Yes, She and I friends since we were very young.A. have madeB. have becomeC. have beenD. have turned8. The Smiths in China for 8 years.A. has livedB. livedC. have beenD. live 9.- Hello, this is Mr. Green speaking. Can I speak to Mr. Black.- Sorry. He
32、 the Bainiao Park.A. has been toB. has gone toC. went toD. will go to10. - you ever to the US.- Yes, twice.A. Have, goneB. Have, beenC, Do, goD. were, going二、用所给动词的适当形式填空1. She s livehere ever since she was ten.2. Both of them be in Hong Kong for ten days.3. Miss Wang teach us English last year.4. H
33、alf an hour pass since the train leave.5. Mary lose her pen. you see it here and there.6. you find your watch yet.7. -Are you thirsty. -No. I just have some orange.8. We already return the book.9. they build a new school in the village.10. I not finish my homework . Can you help me.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精
34、品名师归纳总结11. My father read the novel twice.12. I buy a book just now.13. I lost my watch yesterday.14. .The train arrive in half an hour. 15. he ever be to Beijing.参考答案一、单项挑选题1.D2.C3.B4.B5.B6.D7.C8.C9.B10.B二、用所给动词的适当形式填空.1. lived2. have been3. taught4. has passed ;left 5. has lost ; have seen6. Have , found7. have , had8. have , returned9. Have , built10. havenfitnished11. has read12. bought13. lost14. .will arrive15.Has been可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载