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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上新概念英语第三册第一课【剪集】中英对照 逐句讲解课文Lesson 1A Puma at large逃遁的美洲狮Pumas are large, cat-like animals which are found in America.美洲狮是一种体形似猫的大动物,产于美洲。When reports came into London Zoo that a wild puma had been spotted forty-five miles south of London, they were not taken seriously.当伦敦动物园接到报告说,在伦敦以南45
2、英里处发现一只美洲狮时,这些报告并没有受到重视。However, as the evidence began to accumulate, experts from the Zoo felt obliged to investigate,可是,随着证据越来越多,动物园的专家们感到有必要进行一番调查,for the descriptions given by people who claimed to have seen the puma were extraordinarily similar.因为凡是声称见到过美洲狮的人们所描述的情况竟是出奇地相似。The hunt for the puma
3、 began in a small village where a woman picking blackberries saw a large cat only five yards away from her.搜寻美洲狮的工作是从一座小村庄开始的。那里的一位妇女在采摘黑莓时看见“一只大猫”,离她仅5码远,It immediately ran away when she saw it, and experts confirmed that a puma will not attack a human being unless it is cornered.她刚看见它,它就立刻逃走了。专家证实
4、,美洲狮非被逼得走投无路,是决不会伤人的。The search proved difficult,事实上搜寻工作很困难,for the puma was often observed at one place in the morning and at another place twenty miles away in the evening.因为常常是早晨在甲地发现那只美洲狮,晚上却在20英里外的乙地发现它的踪迹。Wherever it went, it left behind it a trail of dead deer and small animals like rabbits.无
5、论它走到哪儿,一路上总会留下一串死鹿以及死兔子之类的小动物。Paw prints were seen in a number of places and puma fur was found clinging to bushes.在许多地方看见了爪印,灌木丛中也发现了粘在上面的美洲狮毛。Several people complained of cat-like noises at night and a businessman on a fishing trip saw the puma up a tree.有人抱怨说夜里听见了“像猫一样的叫声”;一位商人去钓鱼,看见那只美洲狮在树上。The
6、experts were now fully convinced that the animal was a puma, but where had it come from?专家们如今已经完全肯定那只动物就是美洲狮,但它是从哪儿来的呢?As no pumas had been reported missing from any zoo in the country,由于全国动物园没有一家报告丢了美洲狮,this one must have been in the possession of a private collector and somehow managed to escape.因
7、此那只美洲狮一定是某位私人收藏家豢养的,不知怎么设法逃出来了。The hunt went on for several weeks, but the puma was not caught.搜寻工作进行了好几个星期,但始终未能逮住那只美洲狮。It is disturbing to think that a dangerous wild animal is still at large in the quiet countryside.想到在宁静的乡村里有一头危险的野兽继续逍遥流窜,真令人担心。关注剪集公众号,领取学习好资料。讲解1.Pumasarelarge,cat-likeanimalswh
8、icharefoundinAmerica.美洲狮是一种体形似猫的大形动物,产自美洲。语言点1which定语从句修饰animals.语言点2cat-like是n.+adj.结构的复合形容词,作定语,此类还有:lady-like女性化的,man-like男人般的,crystal-like水晶般的,baby-like婴儿般的,dog-like像狗一样的,steel-like钢铁般的,home-like像家一样的,angel-like天使般的,dream-like梦境般的。语言点3large和cat-like都是描述型定语从句,修饰animals。选择合适的词翻译“大的”或“胖的”。修饰动物:fat,
9、huge;修饰男人:strong,heavy;修饰女人:large,plump;修饰小孩:robust,chubby.语言点4 在写作中模仿使用本句结构。例:Koalasaresmall,bear-likeanimalswhichliveinAustralia.2.WhenreportscameintoLondonZoothatawildpumahadbeenspottedforty-fivemilessouthofLondon,theywerenottakenseriously.当伦敦动物园接到报告说,在伦敦以南45英里处发现一只美洲狮时,这些报告并没有受到重视。语言点1 本句是一个由whe
10、n引导的时间状语从句加that引导的分隔式同位语从句构成的复合句。语言点2hadbeenspotted(过去被发现)中spot用词独具匠心,强调在荒野“发现”美洲狮不容易。例句:IfinallyspottedjustthebookIwantedinthebookstore.语言点3 写作短语模板:takesh.seriously认真对待某事,takesth.easy轻松地做某事,takesb./sth.lightly小看某人/某事,beunsympathetictosth.对某事很冷漠,showlowregardto/forsth.对某事不在意,beindifferenttosth.对某事不感
11、兴趣,benotinterestedindoingsth.对做某事不感兴趣,takeonestimeaboutdoingsth.认真做某事。语言点4 写作模板:例Whennewscameintothedepartmentsconcernedthatbirdfluhadbeenspotted30kmeasttothecity,itwastakenseriously.3.However,astheevidencebegantoaccumulate,expertsfromtheZoofeltobligedtoinvestigate,forthedescriptionsgivenbypeoplewho
12、claimedtohaveseenthepumawereextraordinarilysimilar.可是,随着证据越来越多,动物园的专家们感到有必要进行一番调查,因为凡是声称见到过美洲狮的人们所描述的情况竟是出奇地相似。语言点1 本句包含了as引导的时间状语从句,以及for引导的原因状语从句。最后是who引导的定语从句,修饰people。语言点2 写作短语模板:feelobligedtodosth.感到有必要做某事,itisnecessaryforsbtodosth.某人有必要做某事,beforcedtodosth.被迫做某事,feel/beimpelledtodosth.感到有必要做某事(
13、内因),becompelledtodosth.被迫做某事(外因)语言点3 写作模板:Astheproofbegantogather,thepolicefeltobligedtointerrogatethissuspectfurther,forthedescriptionsgivenbypeoplewhoclaimedtohaveseenthesuspectwereremarkablysimilar.语言点4claimtohaveseen,声称看到过,tohaveseen是动词不定式的现在完成时结构,做claim的宾语。4.Thehuntforthepumabeganinasmallvillag
14、ewhereawomanpickingblackberriessawalargecatonlyfiveyardsawayfromher.语言点1where引导定语从句,修饰village。语言点2 搜索:hunt,search。语言点3thehuntforsb./sth.抓捕某人/某物。huntforajob找工作,MissingWanted寻人/寻物启事,PeopleSearch/Wanted/Missing寻人,Wanted通缉。5.Itimmediatelyranawaywhenshesawit,andexpertsconfirmedthatapumawillnotattackahuma
15、nbeingunlessitiscornered.她刚看见它,它就立刻逃走了。专家证实,美洲狮非被逼得走投无路,是决不会伤人的。语言点1when引导时间状语从句,and连接两个并列分句,第二个分句中的that引导宾语从句,说明confirm的内容,unless引导条件状语从句。语言点2 1)corner作动词常用于被动语态:sth./sb.becorned某人/某物被逼入绝境2)与corner搭配的介词atthecornerofthestreet在街道的拐角inthecorneroftheroom在房间的角落里onthecornerofthedesk在桌子的一角语言点3 1)unless和if
16、.not均表示否定的条件,一般可互换:Unlessyouhavemorepratice,youwillfailinthedtivingtest.=Ifyoudonothavemorepratice,youwillfailinthedtivingtest.语言点4 写作模板:Theteachertoldhimthathewouldneverpasstheexaminationunlesshestudiedhard.6.Thesearchproveddifficult,forthepumawasoftenobservedatoneplaceinthemorningandatanotherplace
17、twentymilesawayintheevening.语言点1 句子中含有一个for引导的原因状语从句。特别注意的是:地点状语atoneplace和atanotherplace,时间状语inthemorning和intheevening形成对照。语言点2because和for的区别:because知道上的或自然的原因,语气较强,for多指逻辑上的判断。比较:Itmusthaverained,fortheriverissohigh.Hemustbeathome,forthelightinhisroomison.语言点3twentymilesaway做后置定语,修饰place。地点副词和时间副词
18、做后置定语:thehouseahead前面的房子,theconclusionbelow下面的讨论,theplanlastyear去年的计划。7.Whereveritwent,itleftbehinditatrailofdeaddeerandsmallanimalslikerabbits.语言点1wherever引导地点状语从句。语言点2where/wherever区别:where引导从句表示特定地点,而wherever引导从句表示非特定地点。比较下面两句:Hemustgowherewesendhim.=Hemustgototheplacewherewesendhim.Hemustgowhere
19、verwesendhim.=Hemustgotoanyplacewherewesendhim.语言点3itleftbehinditatrailofdeaddeer.这部分中,atrailofdeaddeerandsmallanimalslikerabbits与behindit形成倒装。一般而言,倒装的用法有两个作用:强调或平衡句子。本句是为了平衡句子。倒装是很重要的写作手法,在新概念英语系列中还有很多,例Whentheygothome,Janecookedtheirdinnerinthemicrowaveovenandwithoutrelisingit,cookedherfianceswall
20、etaswell.8.Pawprintswereseeninanumberofplacesandpumafurwasfoundclingingtobushes.在许多地方看见了爪印,灌木丛中也发现了粘在上面的美洲狮毛。语言点1:句子结构分析:这是一个由and连接的并列句,意思层层递进,说明美洲狮逃遁的充分证据。Clingingtobushes为现在分词短语,作主语pumafur的补足语,补充说明主语的状态。例句支持:Ifoundatagboardclingingtomyluggage.我发现我的行李上挂着一张标签纸。语言点2:作者接连列举了美洲狮身上的两种特有的东西,并使用了被动语态,完美地呈
21、现了英语语言的特色。原文句子:Pawprintswereseeninanumberofplacesandpumafurwasfoundclingingtobushes.对比:Peoplesawpawprintsinanumberofplacesandfoundpumafurlingingtobushes.总结:可以看到,如果使用主动语态,则美感全无。例句支持:Anotewaspasseduptothespeaker.有人给演讲者递上来一张纸条。对比:Someonepassedupanotetothespeaker.(主动语态,强调“人”,不突出“纸条”。)语言点3:由短语anumberof还可
22、以进一步引申出下面用于写作的短语:越来越多的(1)anincreasingnumberof:AnincreasingnumberofstudentshaverealisedtheimportanceofEnglishapplication,越来越多的学生已经意识到了英语应用的重要性。(2)agrowingnumberof:Now,agrowingnumberofChinesestudentsgoabroadforstudy.现在越来越多的中国学生去海外留学。9.Severalpeoplecomplainedofcat-likenoisesatnightandabusinessmanonafis
23、hingtripsawthepumaupatree.有人抱怨说夜里听见了“像猫一样的叫声”;一位商人去钓鱼,看见那只美洲狮在树上。语言点1:句子结构分析:这又是一个由and连接的并列句,再次递进说明判断美洲狮逃遁的另外两个充分的证据,介词短语onafishingtrip作后置定语,修饰businessman。Upatree作puma的宾语补足语。语言点2:此句中出现的cat-likenoises与本文第一句中cat-likeanimals的用法有异曲同工之妙,cat-likeanimals强调美洲狮的体形,cat-likenoises则强调美洲狮的声音。不知不觉中,作者已经两次使用了比喻的修辞
24、手法。语言点3:请注意一下句子中介词的特定用法:(1)Thereisamaninthetree.树上有个人。(inthetree一般指外露的东西“在树上”,如人,动物等,而不是树本身所长的东西。)(2)Therearemanyapplesonthetree.树上有许多苹果。(onthetree通常指树本身长出来的东西,如枝,叶,花,果等。)10.Theexpertswerenowfullyconvincedthattheanimalwasapuma,butwherehaditcomefrom?专家们如今已经完全肯定那只动物就是美洲狮,但它是从哪里来的呢?语言点1:句子结构分析:that引导宾语
25、从句,指wereconvinced的内容。But引导的分句与前面的分句形成转折并列关系,让抓美洲狮的过程变得更加扑朔迷离。语言点2:我们平时在写作时可以用believe,besure,confirm等词汇表达“肯定”,但是本文作者为什么不用这些词呢?原因在于这几个词汇的主管性都太强,而beconvinced则更注重客观逻辑推理。而本文第2段中给出了很多美洲狮出没的证据,那么这么多证据恐怕就不能全归结为巧合了。例句支持:Webelievethathewillsucceed.我们相信他会成功。(表示主观判断)Weareconvincedthathewillsucceed.我们有理由相信他会成功。(
26、表示这件事有充分的理由成为客观事实)语言点3:原文中的was一词是斜体,这又是为什么呢?这是作者为了突出强调这个动物确确实实就是那只逃遁的美洲狮,而不是其他的什么动物。11.Asnopumashadbeenreportedmissingfromanyzoointhecountry,thisonemusthavebeeninthepossessionofaprivatecollectorandsomehowmanagedtoescape.由于全国的动物园没有一家报告丢了美洲狮,因此那只美洲狮一定是某位私人收藏家豢养的,不只怎么设法逃出来了。语言点:句子结构分析:as引导原因状语从句,不用for引
27、导是为了避免重复。现在分词短语missingfromanyzoointhecountry作主语puma的补足语。主句中的thisone指代themissingpuma,and连接两个并列的动作。12.Thehuntwentonforseveralweeks,butthepumawasnotcaught.搜寻工作进行了好几个星期,但始终未能逮住那只美洲狮。语言点1:句子结构分析:这句话是由but连接的并列句,表示转折。语言点2:在表示“持续”时,keep,goon,lastcontinue有区别:(1)keepdoingsth一直做某事(常用于口语中)Tomalwayskeptaskingque
28、stions.汤姆总是问个不停。(2)goon继续下去(常用于写作体中)MyHeartwiiGoOn.我心永恒(电影泰坦尼克号主题曲)(3)last持续(和keep意思相近但用法不同)Mostpeoplebelievethatthestrikewiilastforatleastaweek.多数人任务此次罢工至少会持续一个星期。(4)continue(使)继续(指同一件事继续进行下去,常用于写作中)Thebattlecontinuedforseveralhoursuntildarknesscameon.战斗持续了几个小时,直到夜幕降临(才停止)。13.Itisdisturbingtothinkt
29、hatadangerouswildanimalisstillatlargeinthequietcountryside.想到在宁静的乡村里有一头危险的野兽继续逍遥流窜,真令人担心。语言点1:句子结构分析:这句话中,it是形式主语,真正的主语是disturbing后面的tothinkthat,但因为它太长了,影响句子的平衡,所以就用it代替而把它放在句子的后面。语言点2:写作句型总结:(1)Itisdisturbingtothinkthat一想到就让人感到不安ItisdisturbingtothinkthatIwilltakefinalexaminationtomorrow.一想到明天就要参加期末考试了我就感到紧张不安。(2)Itisirritatingtothinkthat一想到就让人感到生气Itisirritatingtothinkthatmybrotherlosthisbicyclethistomorrow.一想到我弟弟今天早上把自行车弄丢了就让人生气。(3)Itisexcitingtothinkthat一想到就让人感到兴奋ItisexcitingtothinkthatIwillgetthechance.一想到我就要得到这个机会了我就感到兴奋。专心-专注-专业