外研版英语七年级上册语法总结(共12页).doc

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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上M1语法1】Where are you from? 你来自哪里?回答:I am from Beijing. / I come from Beijing. 2】What about going swimming? 去游泳怎么样?回答: Good idea! / Sounds great!/ Great!用法:what about= How about, about 是介词, 后接动词ing.例: What about _listening_ (listen)to music?3】Everyone is here. 每个人都在这里。Everyone :每个人,是单数, 谓

2、语动词用第三人称单数形式。例如:Everyone _likes_(like) music.4】and/but 的用法and: 和,表示并列或顺承关系。but: 但是,表示转折关系。例如:He is from China, _but_ he isnt Chinese.5】Its nice to meet you all. 很高兴见到你们。句型: Its + 形容词+ to do sth. 例如: Its difficult _to learn_ (learn)English.6】My name is Tony Smith. My first name is _Tony_.my last name

3、 is_Smith_.7】Be 的用法1. Be 包括 is,am, are. 2. Be 搭配口诀: I 用am, you 用are, is 用于he, she, it. 单数和不可数名词用is,复数全用are.3. Be 的肯定变否定,be + not4. Be 的缩写: I am = Im ; you are = yourehe is = hes ; she is =shes ; it is =its; what is =whats5. Be 的疑问句:Be + 主语+ 其他?回答: Yes, 主语+be. / No, 主语+be not.M2语法1】What/How 引导的感叹句Wha

4、t + a/an + 形容词+ 名词 + (主语+谓语) != How + 形容词 / 副词+ 主语 +谓语 !What a big family ( it is ) ! =How big the family is!What fine weather ( it is )! = How fine the weather is!2】in front of 在前面 / in the front of 在前部3】名词所有格两人共有:A and Bs + is 两人分别有: As and Bs +are 例如: Mrs Green is _A_ mother. A. Lingling and Lucy

5、s B. Linglings and Lucys C. Linglings and Lucy 4】合成词合成词变复数,一般情况,后面的单词变复数。boy student _boy students_ bus driver _bus drivers_2. 含woman 和man的合成词变复数,两个都要变复数。man teacher _men teachers_woman doctor _women doctors_5】Whats your fathers job?你的爸爸是做什么工作的?= What does your father do?= what is your father ?回答: H

6、e is a teacher.6】Beijing is the capital of China. 北京是中国的首都。China Chinese England EnglishJapan Japanese America AmericanAfrica African 7】This is a photo of my family. 这是我的一张全家照。 a photo of 的一张照片8】名词所有格有生命的: Linglings books无生命的 : a door of classroom表示时间和距离的: two hours time我爸爸的一个朋友: a friend of my fath

7、ers 9】方位介词on the left 在左边; on the right 在右边in front of 在前面 ; next to = near 紧靠in the middle of 在中间10】She and Damings mother are at the same hospital. 她 和大明的妈妈在同一家医院工作。11】My father is a bus driver, and he works in a bus station.(职业的单词:policeman; doctor; nurse; teacher; actor; manager.)M3语法1】数字one, tw

8、o, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten.eleven, twelve, thirteen, fourteen, fifteen , sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen, twenty.thirty, forty, fifty, sixty, seventy, eighty, ninety, hundred. 2】Whats your classroom in England like? 你在英国的教室是什么样子的?be like = look like 看起来像3】 a lot of = l

9、ots of 许多 a lot of / lots of 后接可数名词复数时,等于many; 后接不可数名词时, 等于much.4】furniture 家具(总称); food ; drink; information 信息,这些词都是不可数名词,用is5】some / any 一些 1. Some : 用于肯定句(表示请求和建议,希望对方肯定回答的句子)Would you like some milk? What about some milk? Can I have some milk?2. any: 用于否定句和疑问句中例如:I havent got _any_ (some/any) a

10、pples. Would you like _some_ (some/any) apples?6】on the wall / in the wall 在墙上/在墙里例如: a door is _in the wall_ a map is _on the wall_7】with / and 的区别with 和 and 都有“ 和”的意思with 强调前者。 例如: Jack with his father _goes_(go) to park.and 强调两者都。例如: Jack and his father _go_(go) to park.8】There be 句型There be 表示“有

11、”( there is / there are ) 含义: 表示某地存在某人/某物(have: 强调某人/某物拥有) 句型: (1)肯定句 : There is / are + 某人/某物(2)否定句 : There isnt / arent + 某人/某物(3)疑问句: Is / Are + there + 某人/某物? Yes, there is . / No, there isnt. Yes, there are . / No, there arent4. 就近原则: is 和are 的选择由最靠近它的名词的单复数决定。例如: There _is_ a pen and two books

12、. There _are_ two books and a pen.M4语法1】food/drink 不可数名词(1)drink “饮料”,是不可数名词,用is(2)drink : have a drink(3)drink: “喝”, drink tea.2】too much /too many 太多(1)too much + 不可数名词(2)too many + 可数名词复数(3)much too + 形容词( much too big)3】kind 种类(1)a kind of 一种(2)different kinds of 不同种类的(3)be kind to sb. 对某人和蔼4】he

13、alth / healthy 健康/健康的(1)I t is good for your health, please keep healthy.(2)stay healthy; keep healthy; healthy food.5】a bit of一点She has _a bit of _ money. = a little6】remember 记得remember to do sth. 记得去做某事remember doing sth. 记得做过某事7】or 或者; 还是在肯定句中: 表示”或者”在否定句和疑问句中,常用or 来代替 and: I havent got a pen or

14、 a book.在并列句中:表示“否则”: Hurry up, or you will be late.8】have got/has got 句型1. 定义: 拥有。 have got = have ; has got =has2. 句型:肯定句: 主语+ have got /has got +其他否定句: 主语+ havent got /hasnt got +其他疑问句:Have /Has+ 主语+ got + 其他?回答: Yes, 主语+have/has. No, 主语+havent / hasnt.3. There be 和have got 的区别There be(某地存在某人/某物;

15、强调存在) ;have got (某人/某物拥有.; 强调拥有)9】特问词what (什么) where (哪里) when (何时) who(谁) which (哪一个) How (方式或状态)What time (什么时刻) How old (多大)What colour (什么颜色) How often (多少次)once / twice / three times10】is good for 对有益反义词 is bad for对有害11】名词1. 可数名词-单数变复数规律:(1)一般情况:加s(2) 以s, x, ch, sh 结尾: 加es(buses , boxes, watche

16、s)(3)以“辅音+y”结尾的,变y为i, 加es. (family -families, city- cities )(4)以f/fe 结尾: 把它变成ves. (leaf-leaves, wife-wives, knife-knives)(5) 以o结尾,记口诀: (photo-photos)Negroes and heroes like potatoes and tomatoes.黑人 和 英雄 喜欢 马铃薯 和 西红柿。(6)man men; woman- women; child- children (7)oo-ee: foot-feet; tooth-teeth; goose-ge

17、ese(8) 单复数同型:三人: Chinese; English; Japanese三物: fish; deer; sheep(9) 特殊单词mouse- mice ; ox- oxen; German - Germans2. 不可数名词(1)分类:液体类: water; tea; milk 等肉类: meat; fish; beef 等其他类: chocolate; bread; money; sugar; paper; work; homework; time; food; drink; furniture; information 等(2)用法1. 不可数名词,不用a/an,不加s /

18、es 变复数2. 不可数名词,看作单数,和is 搭配3. 和 a little / little / a bit of 搭配4. 和 much 搭配M5 语法1】时间表达法12639pasttooclockhalf past1. 顺读法It s + 点钟+ 分钟2. 逆读法Its + 分钟+. + 点钟(1)小于30分钟:Its + 分钟+ past + 点钟(2)等于30 分钟:Its + half past + 点钟(3)大于30分钟: Its + (60-分钟)+to+ (点钟+1)(4)整点: Its + 点钟+ oclock(5)等于15分钟:Its + a quarter past

19、 + 点钟(6)等于45分钟: Its + a quarter to + (点钟+1)2】问时间What time is it ? = What s the time ?/回答: It s + 时刻3】because 因为用Why 来提问, 用because 来回答有because 无so, 有though 无but4】talk to / talk with 与.交谈5】start to do sth 开始去做某事 = begin to do sth 6】have 的用法have : 拥有have breakfast/ have lunch/have dinner : 吃早餐/中餐/晚餐hav

20、e Chinese : 上语文课have a look : 看一看7】house / home / family 的用法house : 房子(强调建筑物)home: 家乡(带有感情色彩)family : 家庭或家人8】look / see/ watch / read 的用法look at : 看(强调动作)see: 看 (强调结果)watch : 观赏(watch TV/ watch games)read : 阅读 ( read books)9】一般现在时1. 定义表示经常或反复发生的动作2. 用法:1 表示经常发生的动作(V原 或者V三单)2 表示现在的状态(Be)3 表示客观事实或普遍真理

21、。3. V形Be ( is /am /are ); V原 ; V三单(当主语是第三人称单数)4. 句型1.肯定句:主语+ be + 其他 主语+ V原 + 其他; 主语+ V三单+其他2.否定句:主语+be +not +其他 主语+ dont + V原+ 其他 主语 + doesnt + V原 + 其他3.疑问句: Be + 主语 + 其他? Do + 主语 + V原 +其他? Does + 主语 + V原 +其他?(注意: 在主+谓+宾结构中,否定句和疑问句要借助助动词do 或does,助动词do/does 后加动词原形)5. 标志词 always, usually , often, som

22、etimes, seldom(很少), never(从不),every day, on Mondays6. 练习题 He _plays_ (play) basketball everyday. Daming _doesnt like_( not like) art . My friends _dont come_ ( not come). _Does_ the cat _eat_( eat) fish? We always _watch_( watch ) TV.M6 语法1】such as 例如2】other 其他other animals = others 其他动物one the othe

23、r 一个另一个some the others 一些另一些3】Shall we go and see them ? 我们可以去看看他们吗? Shall we + V原型 (祈使句)4】a little /little + 不可数名词 a few / few + 可数名词复数5】as well as 并且;还 as well as = with (强调前者)例如:He as well as his father _has_( have ) lunch.6】be good at = do well in 擅长 at 和in是介词,后接动词ing。例如: He is good at _swimming

24、_(swim) He does well in _swimming_(swim)M7语法1】connect to 把连接到2】turn on 打开; turn off 关闭 turn up 调大声; turn down 调小声 例如: Its so dark, please _turn on_ the light.3】first 第一(序数词); one 一 (基数词) He is the _first_( one )to come here.4】 表示顺序的词 first: 首先 next : 接下来 then: 然后 finally : 最后 5】finally 最后 _Finally_(

25、 final), you can click the mouse.6】print 打印; printer 打印机 Please use the _printer_(print)7】mouse 老鼠; 鼠标 (mice) There are some _mice_(mouse).8】share with 与分享 9】plan 计划 Whats your plan for your summer holiday?I plan _to go_(go) to Beijing.10】sometimes 有时 例如:_C_ my mother goes to work by taxi.A. Some ti

26、mes B. Some time C. Sometimes 11】特殊疑问句 (1)结构: 特问词+ 一般疑问句? (2)特问词: What( 什么) where (哪里 ) ; who (谁 ); whose (谁的 ); which(哪个); when(何时); how(如何,方式或状态);What time(什么时刻); what colour(什么颜色) How soon(多快; in an hour); how long(多长); how often (多少次; once; twice; three times; always) How many(问数量;可数名词) how much

27、(问数量;不可数名词; 问价格) (3)做题方法: 根据答语选择特问词,问什么答什么 M8语法1】Would you like to come to my birthday party? 你愿意来参加我的生日聚会吗? Would you like + sth. ? Would you like to do sth. ?回答: Yes, Id love to. / Yes, please. No, thanks. / Id love to, but例如: Would you like _to visit_( visit) the Great Wall ?2】give sth. to sb. =

28、give sb. sth. buy sth. for sb. = buy sb. sth.3】exercise 练习 泛指练习时,是不可数名词:do some exercise特指具体的练习时,是可数名词复数: do eye exercises; do morning exercises.4】search for information 搜索信息 5】use . to do 用做6】Do you sing it in Chinese or in English?选择疑问句,问什么答什么,不能用Yes/No回答。 7】wear 穿戴 wear: 强调穿戴的状态( wear + 衣服,帽子,眼镜,

29、鞋子) put on : 强调穿的动作 ( Please _put on_ your coat) dress : 装扮 dress sb. ( He dresses himself )8】choose 选择 choose to do sth. 选择去做 9】paper 不可数名词,用is10】 information 不可数名词,用is 11】spend 花费 1. spend 时间或者金钱 2. 人+ spend + 时间/金钱 + on sth. 人 + spend + 时间/金钱 + (in) doing sth.例如: Its said that well have to _D_ on

30、e hour _ to Beijing.A. take; flying B. takes; to flyC. spends; to fly D. spend; flyingM9语法1】a few ; few / a little ; little 的用法2】lie 躺着; 说谎1. 躺着: lie - lying2. 说谎: tell a lie3】enjoy 享受1. enjoy doing sth.例如:They are enjoying _listening_(listen) to music.2. enjoy yourself = have a good time 玩得开心4】It s

31、 time to go back to school now. 到时间回学校了。句型: Its time to do sth.例如: Its time _to have_( have) lunch.5】moment 时刻 at the moment = at this moment= now=right now用于现在进行时6】leave 离开 leave A : 离开Aleave for A : 前往A7】get on 上车; get off 下车; get up 起床8】sleep 睡觉 go to sleep 入睡; go to bed 上床睡觉9】现在进行时: V 变Ving 1. 一

32、般情况: 加ing2. 以e结尾:去e加ing : take- taking; make-making3. 双写末尾辅音: swim-swimming; shop-shopping; run-running; sit-sitting; put-putting;begin-beginning4.特殊: lie-lying; die-dying; tie-tying10】on the same day 在同一天11】lying in the sun 躺在阳光下12】by + 方式by bus; by email; by bikeM10语法1】happen 发生1. Whats happening

33、to you ? 你发生了什么事? = What s up ?= Whats the matter?= Whats wrong with you ?2. happen to do sth. 碰巧做某事例如:Mary happens _to see_( see) a cat.2】get ready for 为.做准备get ready for sth. = get ready to do sth.例如: We are getting ready for _learning_( learn) a dragon dance. = We are getting ready _to learn_( le

34、arn) a dragon dance.3】join 加入join + 人 ; join in + 活动4】put away 收拾; sweep away 扫地1.名词可以放中间或者后面put the paper away = put away the papersweep the paper away = sweep away the paper2.代词只能放中间put it away / put them awaysweep it away / sweep them away5】hurry up 快点Hurry up, or you will be late! 快点,否则你就迟到了。hurry to do sth. 匆忙去做某事6】look 看have a look 看一看; look at 看have a look at 7】mean 意味着It means + doing sth. 意味着做某事It means _learning_( learn) English is very important. 8】celebrate . with. 以.方式庆祝专心-专注-专业

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