短对话答题技巧(共12页).docx

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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上对话是大学英语四级考试听力理解中section A的一部分(另一部分题型是二组长对话,将在以后详述)该部分共有八组简短对话,每组长度在30字左右,由一男一女朗读,之后问一个问题,每个问题大约有15秒钟的间隙,要求考生在听完对话与问题后从试题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。短对话要求能听懂英语国家人士语速为每分钟130到150词的对话,能理解其要点,能听懂指示语,如指路、如何做某事、操作指南等、能听懂数字(基数与序数)、时间等,能听懂讨论的主题,能掌握其中心大意,抓住要点,在听的过程中使用基本的听力技巧。 对话是大学英语四级考试听力理解中section A的一部分(另

2、一部分题型是二组长对话,将在以后详述)该部分共有八组简短对话,每组长度在30字左右,由一男一女朗读,之后问一个问题,每个问题大约有15秒钟的间隙,要求考生在听完对话与问题后从试题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。短对话要求能听懂英语国家人士语速为每分钟130到150词的对话,能理解其要点,能听懂指示语,如指路、如何做某事、操作指南等、能听懂数字(基数与序数)、时间等,能听懂讨论的主题,能掌握其中心大意,抓住要点,在听的过程中使用基本的听力技巧。短对话听力的四大原则 1转折原则: 正确答案出现在转折词:but, however, otherwise ,surprisingly unfortuna

3、tely unexpectedly ,except, well,后面在听力测试中简单对话(即短对话)被普遍使用,在题干设计上要体现出7 项微技能的应用其中2项为“理解句际间的关系,如原因、转折等”和“从连续的话中辨别语音”。 为啥“but”? 因为“but”在所有转折词里读音最难辨别,符合测试原理:“从连续,失去爆破的话中辨别语音”。 为啥“but”后面一定是答案? 因为“but”在短对话中是表示句间关系的转折词,如果将“but”前面的内容设计成答案则“but”失去作用,不符合“理解句际间的关系,如原因、转折等”。 听不出”but”怎么办? 只要你能听见Id love to/ Id like

4、to / well 后面都是but。符合英美人交谈中的温婉谢绝原则。 But I m exhausted.、 But I have no time. But I have to do my homework. Blind date. 真题演练30 But we have a few left for tomorrow.(2006,6) But the lecture was much more difficult to follow than I had expected. (2008.6) But I will see what I can do.(2009.6) But its no bo

5、ther to me.(2004,1) But there is a lot of laundry to do.(1999.6) But a friend of mine came to see me.(1999.1) 连读和失爆的语言现象 简单音标知识 连读:前辅后元40 take a look at it take it off put this on apple pie and ice cream picked it up none of us half an hour ahead of him as an award get along put it on fed up with ou

6、t of shape a cup of tea take it easy 失去爆破:前爆破后辅音 A good girl next time first period bad cold keep quiet sit down next door waste time a great deal hard times quite different take care 转折原则真题练习: 1(2009 6)A She wants to get some sleep T24 17 p71 146 B She needs time to write a paper C She has a litera

7、ture class to attend D She is troubled by her sleep problem 2(1999 1)A He watched television with his friend. T3 ,1 p6 P86 B He stayed at home talking with his friend. C He went to see a film with his friend. D He went to see his school mate. 3(2006.6)A) They went a long way to attend the party. T18

8、,1 p48 P120 B) They didnt think much of the food and drinks. C) They knew none of the other guests at the party. D) They enjoyed the party better than the other guests. 4(2006.6)A)Helen is talkative. T 18 , 9 P48 p121 B) Helen is active. C) Helen is sociable. D) Helen is quiet. 5(2006.6A)Dr. Andrews

9、 has been promoted for his thoroughness。T18.3 p48 p120 B) She disagrees with Dr. Andrews on many occasions. C) Dr. Andrews used to keep his patients waiting. D)She dislikes Dr. Andrews as much as the new physician. 40 2. 受挫原则:(潜在规律适用原则。)自然规律不会出现问题,必须认清自己是个倒霉蛋 野餐下雨、雪 买票-卖光sell out 订房间reserve -客满full,

10、 book fully 交通-堵车traffic jam 车-完蛋break down Peek、 rush 火车必-,飞机必-, 约会不-。 考试必-, 失败必-,安慰必-。 车祸必-,-更常见 邀约必-,吃饭必-。 课程超级-,作业-。 票-,房-. 回答是-,迂回很重要。 1(1998,1)A She took somebody to hospital T1 .8 P2 p83 B Something went wrong with the bus C Something prevented her from catching the bus D She came on foot ins

11、tead of taking a bus 2(2003.6) A He was kept in the hospital for a long time T12.8 p31 p107 B He was slightly injured in a traffic accident C He was seriously wounded in a mine explosion D He was fined for speeding 3反义近义形似选项保留原则 1(2007.1)A: The man has never seen the woman before. B: The two speaker

12、s work for the same company. C: The two speakers work in the same floor. D: The woman is interested in market research. 2(2008.6)A:He is taking care of this twin brother. B: He has been feeling ill all week. C: He is worried about Rods health. D: He has been in perfect condition. Never felt better 否

13、定词+比较级=加强语气 Couldnt be better 3(2005.6)A: The man hates to lend his tools to other people. B: The man hasnt finished working on the bookshelf. C: The tools have already been returned to the woman. D: The tools the man borrowed form the woman are missing 4同义词替换原则,听到啥不选啥。 Book-reservation, injury-woun

14、d, slight-minor,finish-be through with have a hard time- have a difficult time, hard-difficult-complicated, behind the schedule- late,Reluctant-unwilling, much more difficult-not as easy as, bear-withstand- put up with 短对话共八道题,长对话有两段,七道题。其中绝大部分题的答案一般不在对话中直接明示,需要考生根据对话的内容对事情发生的时间、地点、人物身份和关系做出判断,有时还需要

15、根据说话人的语调和口气,来推测说话人的态度和真实意图。英语四级考试听力对话部分分成了十大场景。学习、工作、 买衣、吃饭、居住、交通、娱乐、天气、疾病、社会交往与人际关系等。这些场景涵盖了大学生活的方方面面。 提纲挈领篇 场景一:学习 作为一个学生即将离开自己的家乡去异地求学,首先要做的事情就应该是挑选并申请学校。申请学校的时候,不要忘了征求一下自己的老师和父亲的意见。 1. 申请学校 必备词汇表 apply for 申请 business degree 商学院学位 pay your own way 自己支付各种费用 2.选修课程 选好学校之后,就是选修课程了。一年选多少课程是一个合适的量呢?在

16、大学英语四级里,往往女孩子会倾向多选课程,结果使自己非常疲惫。当她向男生抱怨的时候,男生就会像先知一样说“我早就和你说过不要选那么多课嘛。” 学校人物: 大一新生 : freshman 大二学生 : sophomore 大三学生 : junior 大四学生 : seniors, Children. the sick, The disabled , Pregnant women Extra curricular activities Extra curricular activities 校长 :president- Headmaster- Principal 院长 : dean /bean 教

17、授 : professor 讲师 : lecturer 学士: bachelor degree 硕士 : Master 博士 : Doctor ph.D Post-doctor 课程分类:course 选修课 select/optional course 必修课 required 白天的课 day 晚上的课 evening 经常出现的科目或专业: 数学 mathematics B.Science B.A. Arts Engineering 化学 Chemistry reaction 72 Have a crash on 文学 :Literature 心理学: psycho freak Logl

18、ist 建筑学 :architecture 考试: exam,test, quiz 期末考试final- mid-term -semester 补考 : make up test 随堂考: pop test private school 私立学校 : 教会学校: religious /church 美国私立中学有2/3是教会学校,不仅如此,美国的私立大学也与教会关系密切,哈佛大学与清教徒,耶鲁大学与公理会,普林斯顿大学与长老会,布朗大学与浸礼会有着深厚的渊源。在美国的中国学生就算不在教会学校,最好也修读一两门宗教课程,否则你永远无法理解为什么比尔盖兹会把全副身家捐出去,也难以理解美国人的价值观

19、、思维方式和社会中的游戏规则。 书籍: 借书 : borrow/lend Rent/ lease,let 参考书 : reference book 过期: overdue study room/ 作业:assignment. Presentation Project Hard cover n.v, semester 学期(美国英语) biology 生物学 term 学期(英国英语) registration 注册 course 课程 class permit 听课证 optional course 选修课 literature class 文学课 3. 听课 必备词汇表 professor

20、教授 briefing 剪报 lecturer 讲师 barely stay awake 几乎不能保持清醒 complicated 复杂 extra copies 多余的篇子 informative 信息量大 presentation 陈述,解释,示范 mission 任务,使命 4.演说 必备词汇表 nervous 紧张的 contest 比赛 calm 平静的 contestant 参赛选手 a large audience 一大群观众 talk of the town 镇上谈论的焦点 shaking all over 浑身发抖 not a big deal 不是什么大不了的事情 beyo

21、nd me 超出我的理解范围 5.阅读 必备词汇表 reading assignment 阅读任务 selectively 有选择地 chapter by chapter 一章一章地 theory 理论 read through 从头到尾地读 plot 情节 cover a few chapters 涉及了几个章节 intensively 精细地 character 人物角色 6.写文 必备词汇表 typing errors 打字错误 revise 修订 quality paper 好纸 get it published 出版 proofread 校对 paragraph 段落 7.考试 必备

22、词汇表 final exam 期末考试 fail 不及格,失败 mid-term 期中考试 results (pl) 分数 stay up 熬夜 release 发布(分数) two sleepless nights 两天两夜没睡觉 be through with 结束,完成场景二:工作1.面试必备词汇表suit 西装 accounting 会计tie 领带 brush up on 温习,复习resume 简历working experience 工作经历hand in 上交 travel 出差annual vacation 年假2.收发邮件必备词汇表email 邮件 attachment 附

23、件log in 登录 forward the mail to 把邮件转发给log off 登出3.开会和约会必备词汇表appointment 约会 move on to 继续confirm 确认 the next item 下一议题个cancel 取消 presentation 陈述,解释,示范come in ones place 代表某人来 replace 取代on behalf of 代表有空缺职位 :job vacancy 简历: resume /C.V. 教育背景:Education background 工作经验 : experiences 面试: interview 加班 : ov

24、er work Did you take a good nap? 升职 : promotion /promote 解雇 : fire apprentices 辞职 : resign - annual - leave 年假场景三:娱乐1.看戏必备词汇表Global theatre 环球剧院 drama 戏剧Grand theatre 大剧院 impressive 令人印象深刻的too dramatic to be true 太假了 audience 观众play the boss 扮演老板 out of the way 太远了the greatest hit 大片 a long queue 长队

25、appreciate 欣赏 sold out 卖完了2.体育活动必备词汇表basketball season 篮球赛季 tennis 网球camping 野营 badminton 羽毛球jogging 慢跑 performance 表现fishing 钓鱼 keep fit 保持健康3.旅游 scenery 风景 Greek style 希腊风格 lawn 草地 museum 博物馆 column 柱子 statue 塑像宾馆预订房间 confirm a reservation 确认预订 cancel a reservation 取消预订 小费 tip 前台 reception 登记入住 Ch

26、eck in/out 9.邮局场景 mail carrier post / send / mail 寄 letter / mail 信 - over Weight 超重 回复 reply A: To the bookstore.(2006.6) T18.2 p48 p120 B: To the dentists C: To the market. D: To the post office. 10.饭店场景 eat -out take-away Go Dutch Split the bill Fifty-fifty Blind date book a -table 订位子 菜单 menu 点菜

27、 Are u ready to order 餐后甜点-dessert 账单- check the bill 找零keep the change场景四:购物1.采购衣服必备词汇表size 型号 come in all sizes 号全2.采购电器必备词汇表model 款 discount 折扣latest technology 最新的科技 reduce 减少场景五:吃饭1.评点餐馆必备词汇表Italian restaurant 意大利餐馆 popular 受人喜爱的environment 环境 crowded 拥挤的2.饮食健康必备词汇表on diet 节食 dessert 甜点contain

28、含有 salad 沙拉steak 牛排场景六:居住1.电话询问租房信息必备词汇表inquire about 询问 furnished (公寓)带家具的apartment 公寓(美国英语) double-bedroom 两室的flat 公寓(英国英语)2.买房必备词汇表brochure 册子 house developer 房产开发商for rent / - / lease/let 市郊 suburb 市中心 downtown land - lord 房东 land lady 房东太太 -room mate 室友 出题思路:因室友不好而搬出去 好的室友:- neat /tidy consider

29、ate 整洁的体贴的,细心的 不好的室友:-messy /untidy/noisy - 脏乱的 -吵闹的场景七:交通1.飞机必备词汇表flight 航班 wait for further notice 等候进一步通知gate 登机口 seat belt 安全带minor mechanical errors 轻微的机械故障 terminal 候机大厅sign 标志2.小汽车必备词汇表parking lot 停车场 maintain 保养break down 抛锚 garage 修车场scratches 刮蹭 highway 高速公路single lane 单行道 No-parking sign

30、禁止停车标志3.公交必备词汇表bus stop 车站 passengers 乘客crowded 拥挤的4.火车 sleeper 卧铺 be supposed to 应该 view 景色 scenery 景色驾照 driving / license /license color 超速 over speed 罚单 ticket 罚金fine 高速公路 :high/fast way/ free way 交通工具(出现频率从高到低) (美)地铁 subway (英)underground /pass 地铁 MRT 飞机 Airplane 公共汽车 出租车 cab 环线 loop line ring r

31、oad 过街天桥 fly over 交通场景出题思路: 1状况-traffic jam 2车-坏了 break down 3赶车-赶不上 catch date5. 机场场景 airport 订票 : book a ticket 目的地 : destination Gay bar straight 单程票: one-way ticket 往返票 :round-trip/return 直航: direct flight/non-stop 转机: transfer 头等 first class 商务 Business class economy class 登机牌 boarding card /ga

32、te 安检 :security check 起飞 take off 着陆land 出题思路 1赶飞机-赶不上,换票,换航班。T5.9 p12 p92 A: Buy a ticket for the ten oclock flight. B: Ask the man to change the ticket for her. C: Go to the airport immediately. D: Switch to a different flight.场景八:疾病必备词汇表a cold 感冒 dizzy 头晕a fever 发烧 exhausted 筋疲力尽的have the ankle twisted 扭到脚踝 appetite 胃口high blood pressure 高血压 blood vessel 血管场景九:天气必备词汇表cloud over 天阴起来 sweat 出汗clear up 天晴起来 swing 不稳定,极端weather forecast 天气预报 coupled with strong wind 伴有强风freezing 非常冷场景十:人际关系必备词汇表hear from 听到某人消息 get along 与相处be mad with 对某人生气 get in touch with 和联系专心-专注-专业

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