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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上初中英语语法宾语从句讲解，专项练习及答案宾语从句小口诀：宾语从句三注意，时态语序引导词；主句一般现在时，从句不需受限制；主句一般过去时，从句须用相应时；陈述句转化that引，一般疑问句用if/whether,特殊问句疑问词，引导词后陈述式。一、基本讲解1概念:在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句，宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语，也可做介词的宾语。eg, He said he was good at drawing. (做动词宾语)译： _He asks him how long Mike has been down . (做动词宾语) 译： _Miss Zhang is ang
2、ry at what you said. (做介词宾语) 译： _2. 连接词和语序(1) .陈述句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用that,口语中常常省略。e.g, She told me (that) she would like to go with us.译： _(2 )以 whether 或 if 引导的宾语从句, 主要用来引导一般疑问句意思或选择疑问句意思的宾语从句，从句同样是陈述语序 eg, I wonder if /whether you have told the news to Li Lei .注意：一般情况下，whether 和if 可以互用， 但有些情况例外。 a. 当从句做
3、介词的宾于是只用whether 不用if eg, We are talking about whether well go on the pinic. b. 引导词与动词不定式或 not 连用时， 只用whether. eg, Please let me know what to do next. Could you tell me whether you go or not? c. if当如果讲时， 引导的是条件状语从句， 这时不能用whether.(3).特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用特殊疑问词；引导词后要用陈述句语序。E.g. Could you tell me whats the
4、 matterwrong with you? 特殊情况：当do you think后接特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时，句式结构应为特殊疑问词do you think陈述句语序。3.宾语从句时态a.当主句是一般现在时，一般将来时或祈使句时，从句不受主句的限制，根据自身的需要选用相应的时态。例如：Do you know（if/whether he has seen the film）? 译： _ b.当主句是一般过去时，从句要用过去时的相应时态。例如：I didnt know （if/whether he had seen the film.）译： _注意：当主句是一般过去时，而从句表示的是客观真理，
5、自然现象，科学原理，格言等，从句仍然要用一般现在时。例如：He said （that the earth moves round the sun.）译： _The teacher told us （that light travels much faster than sound.）译： _4.、人称的变化和标点的使用a. 从句应转化为相应的人称 “May I use your knife？”He asked me . He asked me if he might use my knife . “Do you know her telephone number？”He asked me .
6、He asked me if I know her telephone number . b. 宾语从句的标点均由主句决定。主句是陈述句，用句号；主句是疑问句，用问号。如：Who will give us a talk? I dont know . I dont know who will give us a talk . Do you know？Where does he live? Do you know where he lives ? 二、宾语从句的转化1. 当主句谓语动词是hope，wish，decide，forget，plan，agree等，且主句主语与从句主语相同时，从句可简化为
7、不定式结构。如：She agreed that she could help me with my maths. She agreed to help me with my maths.2. 当主句的谓语动词是know, learn, forget, remember, decide等从句可以简化成“疑问词不定式结构”。例如：I dont know which sweater I should buy.I dont know which sweater to buy.3. 当主句的谓语动词是ask，tell, show, teach等后面带双宾语时，从句可以转化成“疑问词不定式结构”,如：Co
8、uld you tell me how to get to the park?4. 当主句谓语动词是find，see，watch，hear等感官动词时，从句常简化为“宾语宾补”结构，宾补为不带to的不定式或V-ing形式。如：She found that the wallet lay/was lying on the ground. She found the wallet lie/lying on the ground. 点击中考1. Some of my friends are interesting in science, but none of them can tell _. . A
9、. when UFOs will appear next time B. why do horses know the way C. where was this kind of plant found D. how do elephants communicate2. -What time will Mr. Brown be back to China? -Sorry. I dont know _. . A. when did he go abroad B. why he is going abroad C. how soon will he be back D. how long he w
10、ill stay abroad3. -May I come in ? Im sorry I am late. -Come in, please. But could you please tell me _. ? A. why you are late again B. what were you doing then C. who you talked with D. how do you come to school4. -Could you please tell me _. ? -Bus No.32 will take you right there. A. where is Hena
11、n Museum B. what Henan Museum is like C. how can I get to Henan Museum D. which bus I shall take to Henan Museum5. Peter says that the Whites are on holiday, but no one knows _. . A. where they have been B. where are they C. where are they from D. where they have gone6. -Do you know _. the Capital M
12、useum? -Next Friday. A. when will they visit B. when they will visit C. when did they visit D. when they visited7. He wanted to know _.the English party. A. when will we have B. when we will have C. when would we have D. when we would have8. I want to know _. . A. when we should arrive at the airpor
13、t B. when should we arrive at the airport C. when the airport we should arrive at D. when the airport should we arrive at9.-David, look at the man in white over there. Can you tell me _. ? -He is a doctor. A. who is he B. who he is C. what is he D. what he is10. -Could you tell me _. ? He is wanted
14、by the head teacher. -Sorry, Ive no idea. But he _ here just now. A. where Tim; was B. where is Tim; was C. where Tim is; was D. where Tim is; is11. -Did Mrs. King leave a message? -Yes. She wanted to know _ this Sunday. A. who you would go shopping B. if you would go shopping with her C. that you w
15、ill go shopping D. when will you go shopping with her12.-Im a teenagers mother. Sometimes I dont know . -Love and understanding.A. what my son needs most B. what does my son want to get C. why my son gets annoyed very often D. why does my son get annoyed very often.13. -I wonder _. without water -Ab
16、out a week. A. how long man can live B. how long can man live C. when man can live D. when can man live宾语从句巩固练习参考答案 点击中考参考答案1.参考答案A. 我的一些朋友对自然科学感兴趣，但他们谁也讲不出下次不明飞行物出现的时间。宾语从句应该用陈述语序。2. 参考答案 D. 布朗先生什么时候回中国？抱歉。我不知道他会在国外待多久。宾语从句应该用陈述语序。3. 参考答案A. 我可以进来吗？很抱歉我迟到了。请进，但请你告诉我为什么又迟到了吗？宾语从句应该用陈述语序。4. 参考答案 D. 你能
17、告诉我怎样到河南博物馆（我坐几路车能到河南博物馆）吗？宾语从句应该用陈述语序。5. 参考答案D. 彼得说怀特一家正在度假，但没有人知道他们去了哪里。宾语从句应该用陈述语序。They have been to他们去过某个地方，现在已经回来了；they have gone to他们去了某个地方，现在还没有回来。6. 参考答案B. 你知道他们什么时候参观首都博物馆吗？下周五。宾语从句应该用陈述语序。7. 参考答案D. 你想知道我们什么时候举办英语联欢会。当主句是一般过去时态的时候，宾语从句用相应的过去时态，宾语从句应该用陈述语序。8. 参考答案A. 我想知道我们应该什么时候到达机场。宾语从句应该用陈
18、述语序。9. 参考答案D. David,看那边那个穿白衣服的人，你能告诉我他是干什么的吗？他是医生。询问职业用what；宾语从句应该用陈述语序。10. 参考答案C. 你能告诉我蒂姆在哪里吗？班主任在找他。对不起，我不知道。但是他刚才在这里。动词tell后接的宾从应用陈述语序，just now提示应该用was.11. 参考答案B. 金太太留口信了吗？是的，她想知道这个周日你是否跟她一起去购物。12. 参考答案A. 我是一个青少年的妈妈。有时我不知道我的儿子最需要什么。爱和理解。宾语从句应该用陈述语序。Love and understanding.故用what.13. 参考答案A. 我想知道，没有水人能活多久。大约一周。About a week知询问应用how long，宾语从句应该用陈述语序。专心-专注-专业