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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上农业英语词汇一、植物分类种子植物 seed plant常绿植物:evergreen plant; 落叶植物: deciduous plant.草本植物:herbaceous plant; 木本植物: ligneous/woody plant=xylophyta ligni-=xylo-: 表“木”义被子植物:angiosperm; 裸子植物: gymnosperm sperm:精液/子阔叶植物:broadleaved plant; 针叶植物: conifer.旱生植物:xerophilous plant=xeromorph; 水生植物: water/aquatic p
2、lant; hydrophyte阳性植物:light-demanding plant; 阴性植物: shade-demanding plant.优势植物:dominant plant指示植物:indicator先锋植物:pioneer森林植物:forestry plant观赏植物:decorative plant; 盆栽植物: potted plant; 药用植物: medical plants无叶植物:aphyllous plant种 seed=strain=breed品种 variety矮杆品种 short-stalked(茎杆)variety=short-straw(稻草,麦杆) var
3、iety二、物种名称1、植物物种水稻 paddy (rice)=rice水葫芦 water hyacinth包心菜 cabbage2、动物物种植物寄生虫 a garden pest种牛 bull kept for covering; 种马 stud; 种蓄 breeding stock=stud stock水牛 (water) buffalo昆虫 insect有害物 pest螨 acarid; 红蜘蛛 a red mite *mite: 微小的东西。十二生肖:鼠 rat;牛 ox;虎 tiger;兔 hare;龙 dragon;蛇 snake;马 horse;羊 sheep;猴 monkey;
4、鸡 cock;狗 dog;猪 hog。I was born in the year of the cock.我属鸡。3、微生物微生物 germ(细菌); 细菌 bacteria; 真菌 fungus三、种植术语1、一般术语种植 grow=plant=cultivate种田(地)till(=cultivate) land=go in for farming例句油菜种植面积 rape growing areas=areas sown to rape *sown: sow(播种)的过去分词。在田里播种小麦 sow a field with wheat在田里播种 sow seeds in the fi
5、eld种玉米的那六亩地 the six mu of land sown to maize过去这里水稻多数只种一季,但现在全部种两季。Most paddy fields here used to yield only one crop a year, but now they all yield two crops.种植园 plantation水田 paddy (field)小块土地 plot种子田 seed-breeding field水浇地 irrigated land水涝地 waterlogged land荒山:a barren hill; 荒地:wasteland; uncultivat
6、ed land; undeveloped land. The land lies waste. 地荒了。荒草:weeds2、专业技术术语催熟 accelerate the ripening (of fruit) *accelerate: 加速,促进;ripen: (使)成熟。催肥 fatten杀菌 destroy harmful microorganisms *organisms: 生物体,有机体。四、农业生产资料1、机械水稻插秧机 rice(=paddy) transplanter *transplant: v./n.移植(种,民)者种子清洗机 seed clearer除草机 weeder水
7、田犁 paddy plough; 水田耙 paddy harrow2、肥料种肥 seed manure厩肥 barnyard manure *barn: 谷仓,畜棚/舍。3、生化药剂除草剂 weed killer -herbicide (除莠剂)杀虫剂 insecticide=pesticide杀菌剂 germicide=bactericide杀卵剂 ovicide杀螨剂 acaricide=miticide杀鼠剂 ratpoison=raticide促进剂 accelerant矮壮素 cycocel植物生长调节剂: plant growth regulator五、农田水利水利 (a) wat
8、er conservancy 例水利设施: facilities(b)irrigation works=water conservancy project(=works) (水利工程)例使农田水利化 bring the farmland under irrigation* conservation: 保持,守恒;irrigation: 灌溉。水利灌溉网 irrigation network水利枢纽 key water control project水利资源 water resources水库 reservoir水沟 ditch=drain=gutter水坑(潭)puddle(污坑)=pool(
9、池)=water hole水涝 waterlogging六、产品及其出产量产品 product=produce农产品 farm produce蓄产品 livestock products工业产品 industrial products产品成本 cost of goods产品销售 sale of goods产品销售利润 profit on sales (of products)产品质量 the quality of products产量 output(指煤coal产量之类)=yield(指农作物产量)例句The per mu yield of hybrid rice exceeds that o
10、f ordinary rice by 15 to 20 percent.杂交水稻亩产超过普通水稻的15-20%。 *exceed:超过。七、林业专业术语1、生物与生态生态平衡: ecological balance生态圈: ecosphere生物圈: biosphere生态学: ecology生物学: biology; 生物: living things/beings植物学: botany=phytology树木学: dendrology植物界: vegetable/plant kingdom生物工程: bioengineering生长期: growth period 水土保持: water
11、and soil conservation水土流失: soil erosion *erosion:腐蚀、侵蚀。水质: water quality水质保护: water quality protection水污染: water pollution/contamination 2、土壤土壤学: soil science=pedology土壤结构: soil structure土壤质地: soil texture土壤改良: soil improvement/amelioration土壤湿度: soil moisture *moisture:潮湿(的)。土壤通气性: soil aeration *ae
12、rate:使充满气体。 3、气温描述 温度: temperature 室内(外)温度:indoor/outdoor temperature 温水:warm(=lukewarm) water; 将温热一下:warm up 严霜: smart frost冰点以下10度: ten degrees of frost 4、森林资源森林覆盖率: percentage of forest cover森林抚育: tending of woods森林火灾: forest fire森林资源: forest reserves防护林: shelter-forest 防护林带:shelterbelt; 防风林 wind
13、break (forest)林带: forest belt例句:the forest belt-森林地带;a sand-break forest belt-防沙林带树行: rows of trees, woods林网: crisscross forest belts林区: forest (zone/region)林场: forest center=tree farm林地: forest land=woodland; timberland *timberyard: 贮木场 *timber: 木材林分: stand=standing forest林冠: crown cover/canopy *cr
14、own: (花、王)冠;canopy: 遮蓬。林龄: age of stand蓄积: cubage=volume面积: area; proportion; acteage 例句:the acreage under cultivation-耕地面积采伐量: fall采伐森林: deforest n. deforestation 开伐森林: disforest自然保护区: wilderness area林产: forest products 植被: vegetation植树造林:afforestation; 植树:tree planting; 植苗:plant seedlings植树节: Nati
15、onal Treeplanting Day植物: plant, flora(植物区界,植物志)植物群落:plant community植物保护: plant/crop protection; 植保员:plant/crop protector植物病害: plant disease病虫害:plant diseases and insect pests防治病虫害:the prevention and control of plant diseases and elimination of pests*vent: 放/排出,发泄,通风; *elimination: 排除,消灭/除。生物防治: biol
16、ogical control植物检疫: plant quarantine非洲的动植物:the flora and fauna of Africa5、育苗苗圃 nursery花圃: flower nursery苗木: nursery-stock 树苗: seedling, sapling苗期: nursery stage 花期: florescence花瓶: flowervase 花盆: flower pot植物育种: plant breeding种子: seed *孢子: spore; 孢子植物: cryptogam; 孢子生殖: sporogony树籽: seeds of trees 谷种:
17、 seedcorn播种: sow种子处理: seed treatment温汤浸种: hot water treatment of seeds温室育苗: nurse young plants in hothouse温室: hothouse; greenhouse; glasshouse; conservatory播种时期:seedtime 繁殖(再生,复制):reproduce/reproduction 例句:expand reproduction -扩大再生产种子繁殖方式: seedage种内杂交: intraspecific hybridization/cross无性繁殖: asexual
18、reproduction *sexual:有性的。6、林木、林相树木园(植物园): arboretum乔木和灌木: tree and shrubs乔木: arbor(树荫处); 乔木的:aboreal(树栖的)。 树木状的:arboraceous=arboreous=dendroid树荫: umbrage灌木林: spinney, shrubbery,;灌木丛: bosk=boskage(丛林,树丛grove、thicket);灌木茂密的: bushy;灌木丛生:bushiness (n.);灌木状的:fruticose树林多的(树林中的): woodsy树木繁茂的:wooded, arbor
19、eous (树木状的)纯林: pure forest混交林: mixed forest松林:pine forest小桔林:an orange grove树林: woods, grove树种: kinds of trees阔叶树种: broadleaved trees针叶树种: coniferous trees针叶树,松类: conifer7、形态或生理树形与解剖树干: stock (vi.出新芽;vt.放牧;n.原料a stock for making paper, 造纸原料), (tree) trunk树枝: branch, twig(嫩枝,末梢)气后枝: bastard slip * ba
20、stard:私生子,混帐;slip:(纸)片。树桩、树墩: (tree)stump树皮: bark(v. 剥树皮), rind, cortex=cortices树叶: leaf (pl. 花瓣), foliage 例句:foliage leaf-营养叶;foliage plant-观时植物树冠: crown (of a tree)树梢: treetop, the tip of a tree生根: take(=strike) root木质部:xylem ; 韧皮部:bast=phloem(树)细长的,(草)稀疏的: lank 花花卉:flowers and plants 花木:flower an
21、d trees花冠:corolla花萼:calyx花梗:pedicel花蕾、花苞:(flower) bud花蕊:stamen or pistil花粉:pollen 花粉管:pollen tube花房: 果果树栽培:fruit growing; pomiculture果木:fruit tree果木园:orchard干鲜果品:fresh and dried fruit果皮: seed case; rind; peel; the skin of fruit果肉:pulp; the flesh of fruit果汁:fruit juice果仁儿:kernel; shelled peanut; pean
22、ut kernel无核的: seedless多种子的,结籽的: seedy 树体有机物树液: sap 例句:the sap of life/youth-元气/青春的活力树脂: gum(橡胶、口香糖);pitch e.g. as dark as pitch -漆黑松香: rosin 8、其它工程技术人员: engineering and technical personnel*personnel: 职员。Personnel manager/director/department/agency.人事经理/人事主任/人事处/职介所花农: flower grower果农: fruit grower宜于: be suitable for; be good forThis kind of soil is good for growing watermelons. 这土宜种西瓜。喜马拉雅山:Himalayas; 珠穆朗玛峰:Everest立方米:cubic metre; 厘米:centi-metre专心-专注-专业