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1、【精品文档】如有侵权，请联系网站删除，仅供学习与交流wn挂瓦坡屋面施工方案11.精品文档.坡屋面挂瓦施工组织设计一、工程概况：该工程屋面防水等级为二级，包括平屋面、坡屋面，上面有塔楼及老虎窗。坡屋面防水层采用二道SBS改性沥青防水卷材，面层为平瓦屋面。坡屋面排水坡度为30C。老虎窗直接采用油毡瓦屋面。参考的标准及规范：屋面工程质量验收规范GB50207-2002建筑工程施工质量验收统一标准GB50300-2001坡屋面建筑构造00J202-1(标准图)二、主要施工顺序坡屋面:基层清理找平层防水层 粘保温板找平层水泥砂浆卧瓦挂瓦细部处理 检查验收淋水试验。三、主要施工工艺3.1.坡度应满足设计要
2、求。3.11 作业条件 基层（找坡层）应进行隐蔽工程检查验收，合格后方可进行找平层施工。 根据设计要求的坡度，弹线、找好规矩（包括天沟、檐沟的坡度），并进 行彻底清理。3.1.2操作工艺（1）养护：找平层抹平压实后，常温时在24h后浇水养护，养护时间一般不小于7d，干燥后即可进行防水层施工。3.2防水层(SBS防水卷材3厚)沥青防水卷材外观质量项目 质量要求孔洞、硌伤 不允许露胎、涂盖不匀 不允许折纹、皱折 距卷芯1000以外，长度不大于100裂纹 距卷芯1000以外，长度不大于10裂口、缺边 边缘裂口小于20，缺边长度小于50，深度小于20每卷卷材的接头 不超过1 处，较短的一段不应小于25
3、00，接头处应加长1503.2.1作业条件(1) 卷材与胶结材料的质量、技术性能必须符合设计和施工验收规范的要求。(2) 材料进场后，应按规定抽样复验，合格后方可使用；严禁使用不合格产品。(3)铺贴防水层的基层表面必须清洁、平整、坚实、干燥，并不得有空鼓和起砂开裂等现象。(4)屋面找平层的坡度应符合设计和施工验收规范要求，并不得有积水现象。(5)所有穿过屋面的管道、预埋件、吊钩、拖拉绳、吊架子钩等应在防水层施工前做好基层处理。3.2.2施工方法(1)施工顺序：防水层施工时，应按规范规定先做好节点、附加层和屋面排水比较集中部位（如：屋面与水落口连接处、天沟、檐沟、檐口、屋面转角处、排气洞与伸出屋
4、面管道、阴阳角等特殊部位）的处理，然后由屋面最低标高处向上施工。(2)卷材铺设方法采用热熔满铺法。施工时必须注意：距屋面周边800内的防水层应满粘，保证防水层四周与基层粘结牢固，卷材与卷材之间应满粘，保证搭接严密。(3)卷材铺贴方向应符合下列规定：屋面坡度小于3%时，卷材宜平行屋脊铺贴；应顺天沟、落水口处由低向高逐条铺贴。(4) 卷材定位完重新卷好，点燃喷灯烘烤卷材底面与基层接触处，火焰与卷材之间的距离宜为 0.5米，能保证卷材表面温度达到200230使其熔化为宜，调节好火焰的大小和卷材滚动的速度使卷材表面熔化后与基层很好地粘结。不得过分加热或烧穿卷材。(5) 铺贴卷材采用搭接法时，上下层及相
5、邻两幅卷材的搭接缝应错开。热熔满铺法改性沥青防水卷材的搭接宽度应符合以下规定：长边搭接不小于80mm，短边搭接不小于80mm，相邻两幅卷材短边搭接错开应不小于500mm。(6)卷材铺贴应平整顺直，避免扭曲、过分拉紧和皱折。基层与卷材排气要充分，向横向两侧排气后方可用辊子压平粘实，不允许有翘边、脱层现象。防水层不得有裂纹、脱皮、流淌、鼓泡、露胎体和皱皮等现象，厚度应符合设计要求。(7) 檐口：檐口端头的卷材裁齐后压入凹槽内，然后将凹槽用密封材料嵌填密实。天沟、檐沟卷材铺设前，应先对水落口进行密封处理。水落口杯与竖管承插口的连接处应用密封材料嵌填密实，防止该部位在暴雨时产生倒水现象，水落口周围50
6、0mm范围内用防水涂料或密封材料涂封作为附加层，水落口杯与基层接触处应留宽20mm、深20mm的凹槽，嵌填密封材料。天沟转角处应先用密封材料涂封，每边宽度不少于30mm ,干燥后再铺一层卷材作为附加层。铺设时从沟底开始，顺天沟从水落口向分水岭方向铺贴，如有纵向搭接缝，必须用密封材料封口。铺至水落口的卷材附加层应深入水落口内50mm，大面铺贴的卷材应深入水落口内100mm，并用密封材料封口，同时上面的水泥砂浆应压进来。(8)热熔封边：卷材搭接处用喷灯烘烤，火焰方向与施工人员前进方向相反，卷材接缝部位必须溢出热熔的改性沥青胶，烘烤熔化后用封边工具抹平。封边要求平滑无针眼。(9)泛水卷材铺贴前，应先
7、进行试铺，将立面卷材长度留足，先铺贴平面卷材至转角处，然后从下向上铺贴立面卷材。卷材铺贴完成后，将端头裁齐，若采用预留凹槽收头，将端头全部压入凹槽内，用压条钉压固定，再用密封材料封严，最后用水泥砂浆抹封凹槽，如无法预留凹槽，应先用带垫片钉子或金属压条钉压作盖板，盖板与立墙间用密封材料封固。其他部位应严格按规范规定做好防水卷材的收头处理。立面部位采用带砂的卷材铺贴，有利于抹灰。(10)严禁在雨天施工，五级风及其以上时不得施工，施工中途下雨时，应做好已铺卷材四周的防护工作。(11) 应做好分项工程的交接检查，未经检查验收，不得进行后续施工。每一道防水层完成后，应由质检员进行专项检查，合格后方可进行
8、下一道防水层的施工，并做好隐蔽工程验收记录。(12)检验屋面有无渗漏和积水、排水系统是否通畅，可在雨后或持续淋水2h后进行。有可能作蓄水检验的屋面宜作蓄水检验，其蓄水时间不宜小于24小时，并做好记录。3.2.3质量标准 卷材防水层所用卷材及其配套材料，必须符合设计要求。 卷材防水层不得有渗漏或积水现象。 卷材防水层在天沟、檐口、水落口、泛水、和伸出屋面管道的防水构造，必须符合设计要求。3.3屋面保温层331基本要求（1）保温层应干燥，封闭式保温层的含水率应相当于该材料在当地自然风干状态下的平衡含水率。当采用有机胶结材料时，保温层的含水率不得超过5%；当采用无机胶结材料时，保温层含水率不得超过2
9、0%。（2）保温层施工完成后，应及时进行找平层和防水层的施工；雨季施工时，保温层应采取遮盖措施。（3）板状材料保温层施工应符合下列规定：a板状材料保温层的基层应平整、干燥和干净。b板状保温材料应紧靠在需保温的基层表面上，并应铺平垫稳。c分层铺设的板块上下层接缝应相互错开；板间缝隙应采用同类材料嵌填密实。d粘贴的板状保温材料应贴严、粘牢。e板状保温材料，一要紧靠基层表面；二要分层铺设的板块上下层接缝错开；三要板间缝隙嵌填密实3.3.2作业条件(1) 基层应平整、干燥和干净，并经验收合格后方可进行保温层的施工。(2) 穿过屋面的管根部位，应做好细部处理。(3) 材料的运输、存放应注意防潮，防止破损
10、和污染。3.3.3操作工艺(1) 应先将基层清理干净，保温板块应铺平垫稳。(2)粘贴的板块保温材料应贴严、粘牢。使用保温板专用胶每立方米保温板需耗用7.5。保温板铺完后，应采取保护措施，做好成品保护工作。(3)水落口周围直径500mm范围内坡度不应小于5%，以满足规范规定的排水坡度要求。3.3.4质量标准3.3.4.1主控项目a保温材料的堆积密度或表观密度、导热系数以及板材的强度、吸水率，必须符合设计要求。检验方法：检查出厂合格证、质量检验报告和现场抽样复验报告。b保温层的含水率必须符合设计要求。检验方法：检查现场抽样检验报告。3.4.4.2一般项目a保温层的铺设应符合下列要求：保温材料：紧贴
11、（靠）基层，铺平垫稳，拼缝严密，找坡正确。检验方法：观察检查。b保温层厚度的允许偏差：保温材料为5%，且不得大于4。检验方法：用钢针插入和尺量检查。3.4.1施工准备工作3.4.1.1技术准备：a根据设计图纸及相关施工验收规范编制本施工方案。b 按照本施工方案要求，各楼号施工负责人做好技术交底、安全交底。3.4.2材料要求：a平瓦及其脊瓦的质量及贮运保管应符合下列规定b平瓦及其脊瓦应边缘整齐表面光洁不得有分层裂纹和露砂等缺陷平瓦的瓦爪与瓦槽的尺寸应准确c平瓦运输时应轻拿轻放不得抛扔碰撞进入现场后应堆垛整齐d伤裂纹折皱和起泡等缺陷 e材料进场后应进行外观检查，并按规定进行抽样复验。f钢筋规格及强
12、度等级应符合设计要求，进场前按规范要求进行复试。g水泥砂浆配比为1：3，要求应具有良好的和易性。h平瓦的规格尺寸及质量要求规格及性能 平瓦 脊瓦规格（长* 宽* 高） 385*235*14 465*175*15尺寸允许偏差mm， 长度3 宽度2掉角欠缺部分mm， 两直角边长不得同时大于20*40瓦面裂缝长度mm， 15单片瓦抗折力平均值N， 650单片瓦抗折力最低值N， 600瓦爪残缺 1/3爪高吸水率， 12%耐冻融 -15度下冻融15 次循环后，无分层、开裂和掉边等现象3.4.3 主要机具： a 砂浆搅拌机 J750 b墨斗,c 运输小车, d锤子, e铁锹, f灰铲,3.5作业条件：a现
13、浇砼屋面板密实,表面平整,坡度符合设计要求,基层已验收合格。b屋面工程的防水层应由经资质审查合格的防水专业队伍进行施工。作业人员应持有当地建设行政主管部门平瓦必须铺置牢固，屋面应采取固定加强措施。c平瓦应铺成整齐的行列，彼此紧密搭接，并应瓦榫落槽，瓦脚挂牢;瓦头平齐，檐口应成一直线;靠近屋脊处的第一排瓦应用砂浆窝牢。d平瓦屋面与山墙及突出屋面结构等交接处，均应做泛水处理。e本工程的防水材料为高聚物改性沥青防水卷材。f瓦屋面完工后严禁上人任意走动、踩踏或堆放物品。3.6施工工艺：3.6.1 工艺流程：浇屋面砼预埋10锚筋找平层施工防水层施工施工保温隔热层施工找平层施工水泥砂浆卧瓦层(钢筋网片)
14、挂瓦3.6.2 操作工艺：a砂浆保护层：砂浆卧瓦屋面做法时，在保温层上应有一道砂浆保护层(保护层应抹压密实，平整度最大误差5mm，并及时养护)。砂浆卧瓦层内配6500mm钢筋网并在屋面板内屋檐和檐口处预埋的10锚筋连接牢固，在需要与瓦材固定处，钢筋网的纵横向间距不大于500mm。b施工放线：房屋面轮廓线：先弹屋脊中线，然后从屋檐往上确定屋檐第一层瓦的位置(一般按瓦长减屋檐挑出长度50mm计算)，弹一条与屋脊中线平行的直线，再在左右山檐50mm处弹出垂直与屋脊中线的山檐边线，控制线根据块瓦的允许调整范围和面积预先排板。c主瓦铺贴：铺瓦前找平层和平瓦应湿润，铺瓦必须与控制线对齐，自左向右，自下向上
15、铺设，屋檐第一层瓦应与其上两层瓦水平，做法是：取三片瓦放置在檐口向上的三层瓦片铺设控制线上，此时檐口瓦会出现低垂现象，应用水泥砂浆起垫固定卧实檐口第一块瓦片，使之与上二层瓦成水平直线，两边同样做法后按控制线拉水平线往上铺设。 d主瓦片固定加强措施：按设计要求用双股18号镀锌铁丝绑扎瓦片固定在钢筋网上并且瓦底砂浆要饱满。3.6.3 平瓦屋面的施工要点a基层上的灰尘、杂物清扫干净后，按设计要求施工防水层，验收合格后.c铺瓦前要选瓦。凡缺边、掉角、裂缝、砂眼、翘曲不平、张口缺爪的瓦，不得在工程中使用。通过铺瓦预排，山墙或天沟处如有半瓦，应预先锯好。d挂瓦应从两坡的檐口同时对称开始，每坡屋面从左侧山头
16、向右侧山头推进，屋面端头用半瓦错缝铺盖。瓦要与钢筋挂牢，瓦爪与瓦槽应搭接紧密，并保证足够的搭接长度。檐口瓦用镀锌铁丝栓牢在钢筋上。当屋面坡度大于50%，或在大风、地震地区，每片瓦均需用镀锌铁丝固定于钢筋上。瓦的搭接应顺主导风向，以防漏水。檐口瓦应铺成一条直线，天沟处的瓦要根据宽度及斜度弹线锯料。整坡瓦应平整，行列横竖直，无翘角和张口现象。e脊瓦应在平瓦挂完后拉线铺放。接口顺主导风向。扣脊瓦用1:2.5 石灰砂浆铺座平实，搭接缝用混合砂浆嵌填，缝口平直，砂浆严密。铺好的屋脊和斜脊平直，无起伏现象。f斜脊，斜沟瓦：先将整瓦（或选择可用的缺边瓦）挂上，沟边要求搭盖宽度不小于150mm，弹出墨线，编好
17、号码，将多余的瓦面砍去（最好用钢锯锯掉，保证锯边平直），然后按号码次序挂上，斜脊处的平瓦边按上述方法挂上，保证脊瓦搭接平瓦每边不小于40mm。斜脊、斜沟处地平瓦要保证使用部分的瓦面器具。g脊瓦：挂平脊、斜脊脊瓦时，应拉通长线，铺平挂直，扣脊瓦时用1:2.5水泥砂浆铺座平实，脊瓦接口和脊瓦与平瓦间的缝隙处，要用抗裂纤维的灰浆嵌严刮平，脊瓦与平瓦的搭接每边不少于40mm；平瓦的接头口要顺主导风向；斜脊的接头口向下，即由下向上铺设，平瓦与斜脊的交界处要用麻刀灰封严。铺好的平脊和斜脊平直，无起伏现象。h铺瓦次序必须是从檐口由上到下，自左至右的方向进行。i平瓦屋面的尺寸要求和检验方法应符合下表规定。项次
18、 项目 长度mm) 检验方法1. 脊瓦搭盖坡瓦的宽度 40 用尺量检查2. 瓦伸入天沟、檐沟的长度 50703. 天沟、檐沟的防水层伸入瓦内宽度 不小于1504. 瓦头挑出檐口的长度 50705. 突出瓦面的墙或烟囱的侧面瓦伸入泛水宽度 不小于503.6.4 平瓦屋面质量要求(1)平屋屋面的瓦不的有缺角（边、瓦抓），砂眼、裂纹、和翘曲张口等缺陷。铺设后的屋面不得渗透水（可在雨天后检查）。(2)挂瓦应平整，搭接紧密，横平竖直，考屋脊一排瓦应挂上整瓦，檐口瓦出檐尺寸一致，檐口平直整齐。(3)屋檐要平直，脊瓦搭口和脊瓦与平瓦的缝隙、斜沟瓦与排水沟的空隙，均应用麻刀灰浆填实抹平，封固严密。四、质量、安
19、全与环境保护控制要点：4.1 材料的关键要求：a瓦材的质量必须符合设计要求,必须有出厂合格证及质量检验报告。b瓦应边缘整齐，表面光洁，不得有分层、裂纹和露砂等缺陷。平瓦的瓦爪与瓦槽的尺寸应配合适当。4.2职业健康安全关键要求：a操作人员进入工地必须佩带经安间合格的安全帽。b电工和机械操作工必须经过安全培训，并持证上岗。c操作人员高空作业之前例行体检，防止高血压病人或有恐高症这进行高空作业。4.3 环境关键要求： a遵守当地有关环卫、市容管理的有关规定，现场出口应设洗车台，机动车辆进出场时对其轮胎进行冲洗，防止汽车轮胎带土，污染市容。五、质量标准：5.1平瓦及其脊瓦的质量必须符合设计要求，必须有
20、出场合格证书和质量检验报告。5.2平瓦必须铺置牢固。大风和抗震设防地区以及坡度超过300的屋面必须用镀锌铁丝或铜丝将瓦与钢筋网片筋扎牢。5.3观察和手板检查进行检5.4 资料核查项目(1)水泥、瓦等主要材料的出厂合格证，要求为按批量出厂的原件。(2)水泥、瓦等主要材料的进场见证取样单及复检试验报告单。(3)砂浆配合比报告单及砂浆试块强度检验报告单。(4)施工隐蔽记录及分项工程质量验收记录。5.5 成品保护(1)瓦运输时应轻拿轻放，不得抛扔、碰撞;进入现场后应堆放整齐。(2)砂浆勾缝应随勾随清洁瓦面。(3)采用砂浆卧瓦，砂浆强度未达到要求时，不得在上面走动或踩踏。5.6 安全环保措施 屋面上瓦应
21、两坡同时进行，保持屋面受力均衡，瓦要放稳。不准在瓦上行走。5.7 质量记录(1)技术交底记录中时工操作要求及注意事项。(2)材料质量文件：水泥出场合格证击试验报告、平瓦及其脊瓦出场合格证及质量检验报告。(3)中间检查记录：隐蔽工程检查验收记录、施工检验记录、淋水检验记录。(4)工程检验记录：抽样质量检验及观察检查记录。六、安全及保证措施认真执行郑州市安全文明标准和建设部建筑安全生产监督管理规定，建立安全生产文明施工保证体系，制定各级安全责任制，专职安全员进行巡回检查，班组长检查本班组安全文明施工，全体操作人员自觉遵守有关规定，将安全生产文明施工措施条条落实到人，并同经济利益挂钩。加强安全生产文
22、明施工的教育，操作员上岗前学习安全操作规程及文明施工的管理规定，班组长每日检查一次安全情况并进行安全交底，做到开工前、工 序前进行安全教育，牢固树立安全第一、预防为主的思想。（英文版 ） Two regulations promulgated for implementation is in the party in power for a long time and the rule of law conditions, the implementation of comprehensive strictly strategic plan, implementation in accorda
23、nce with the rules and discipline to manage the party, strengthen inner-party supervision of major initiatives. The two regulations supporting each other, the adhere to a positive advocate, focusing on morality is of Party members and Party leading cadres can see, enough to get a high standard; arou
24、nd the party discipline, disciplinary ruler requirements, listed as negative list, focusing on vertical gauge, draw the party organizations and Party members do not touch the bottom line . Here, the main from four square face two party rules of interpretation: the first part introduces two party Rev
25、ised regulations the necessity and the revision process; the second part is the interpretation of the two fundamental principles of the revision of laws and regulations in the party; the third part introduces two party regulations modified the main changes and needs to grasp several key problems; th
26、e fourth part on how to grasp the implementation of the two regulations of the party. and revised the necessity and revised history of the CPC Central Committee the amendment to the Chinese Communist Party members and leading cadres honest politics several guidelines and column 1 by 2015 to strength
27、en party laws and regulations focus. Two party regulations revision work lasted a Years, pooling the wisdom of the whole party, ideological consensus, draw historical experience, respect for the wisdom of our predecessors, which reflects the unity of inheritance and innovation; follow the correct di
28、rection, grasp the limited goals, adhere to the partys leadership, to solve the masses of the people reflect a focus on the problem. The new revision of the and , reflects the partys 18 and the eighth session of the third, the spirit of the fourth plenary session, reflecting the experience of studyi
29、ng and implementing the General Secretary Xi Jinping series of important speech, reflects the partys eighteen years comprehensive strictly practice. (a) revised two regulations of the party need of in based on revised, the promulgation and implementation of January 2010, to strengthen the constructi
30、on of the contingent of leading cadres play an important role. But with the party to manage the party strictly administering the deepening, has not been able to fully meet the actual needs. Content is too complicated, eight prohibition, 52 are not allowed to hard to remember, and also difficult to p
31、ut into practice; the second is concisely positive advocated by the lack of prohibited provisions excessive, no autonomy requirements; the third is banned terms and discipline law, both with the party discipline, disciplinary regulations repeat and Criminal law and other laws and regulations repeat;
32、 the fourth is to clean the theme is not prominent, not for the existing problems, and is narrow, only needle of county-level leading cadres above. is in 1997 based on revision, in December 2003 the promulgation and implementation, to strengthen the construction of the party play very important role
33、. Along with the development of the situation, which many provisions have been unable to fully meet the comprehensive strictly administering the practice needs. One is Ji law, more than half of the provisions and criminal law and other countries laws and regulations Repetition; two is the political
34、discipline regulations is not prominent, not specific, for violation of the party constitution, damage the authority of Party Constitution of misconduct lack necessary and serious responsibility to pursue; third is the main discipline for the leading cadres, does not cover all Party members. Based o
35、n the above situation, need to and the two is likely to be more relevant regulations first amendment. By revising, really put the authority of Party discipline, the seriousness in the party tree and call up the majority of Party members and cadres of the party constitution of party compasses party c
36、onsciousness. (II) two party regulations revision process the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China attaches great importance to two regulations revision . Xi Jinping, general books recorded in the Fifth Plenary Session of the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspe
37、ction, on the revised regulations made clear instructions. According to the central deployment, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection from 2014 under six months begin study two regulations revision. The Standing Committee of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection 4 review revise
38、d. Comrade Wang Qishan 14 times held a special meeting to study two regulations revision, amendment clarifies the direction, major issues of principle, path and target, respectively held a forum will listen to part of the province (area) secretary of the Party committee, Secretary of the Discipline
39、Inspection Commission, part of the central ministries and state organs Department The first party committee is mainly responsible for people, views of experts and scholars and grassroots party organizations and Party members. Approved by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, on 7 Se
40、ptember 2015, the general office of the Central Committee of the Party issued a notice to solicit the provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) Party, the central ministries and commissions, state ministries and commissions of the Party (party), the General Political Department of the military,
41、 every 3 people organization of Party of two regulations revision opinion. Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of extensive solicitation of opinions, careful study, attracting, formed a revised sent reviewers. In October 8 and October 12, Central Committee Political Bureau Standing Committe
42、e and the Political Bureau of the Central Committee After consideration of the two regulations revised draft. On October 18, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China formally issued two regulations. Can say, two laws amendment concentrated the wisdom of the whole party, embodies the par
43、ty. Second, and revision of the basic principles of two party regulations revision work and implement the partys eighteen, ten eight plenary, the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee and General Secretary Xi Jinping important instructions on the revised and , highli
44、ghting the ruling party characteristics, serious discipline, the discipline quite in front of the law, based on the current, a long-term, advance as a whole, with Bu Xiuding independent and . Main principle is: first, adhere to the party constitution to follow. The constitution about discipline and
45、self-discipline required specific, awaken the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness, maintaining the authority of the constitution. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that no rules, no side round. Party constitution is the fundamental law, the party must follow the general rules. In early 2015 held the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection