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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上.单词荟萃1experience n. 经验；经历 v. 经历， 体验 _ adj. 有经验的2. _ adj. 暴力的 violence n. 暴力3eruption n. 喷发 _ v. 喷发4. _ n. 可能 possible adj. 可能的 _ adv. 可能地 _ adj. 不可能的5. _ adj. 令人可怕的 terrify v. 使害怕 _ adj. 害怕的6. _ adv. 幸运地 lucky adj. 幸运的 _ n. 幸运7active adj. 积极的 _ adv. 积极地 _ n. 积极， 活动8occur v. 发生 _ 过去式 _ 过
2、去分词occurrence n. 发生的事情；发生， 出现9strike v. 袭击 _ 过去式 _ 过去分词 10. _ adv.感激地thankful adj. 感激的11. _ adv. 满怀希望地， 有希望地 hopeful adj. 满怀希望的12. _ adv. 伤心地， 难过地 sad adj. 伤心的， 难过的 _ n. 伤心， 难过 .短语检测专心-专注-专业1拿起；拾起；搭载；学会；收听 2平均 3有史以来 4到时为止 5结束；告终 6扑灭 7放火烧 8总共 9带来损害 10使某人无家可归 pick up on average of all time by the time
3、 end up put out set fire to in all do/cause damage make sb. homeless .佳句再现1They can destroy houses, but leave the furniture inside exactly _. 他们(龙卷风)能够毁坏房子， 但是房子里的家具却留在原地。2. _, there are 800 tornadoes in the US each year, causing about 80 deaths and 1, 500 injured.平均来说， 美国每年发生800次龙卷风， 造成大约80人死亡， 150
4、0人受伤。3The worst tornado _ in 1925, _ three US states: Missouri, Illinois and Indiana.历史上最严重的龙卷风发生于1925年， 影响了美国三个州：密苏里州、伊利诺斯州和印第安纳州。4. _it ended, more than 700 people _ and 2, 700 _. 等到风停时， 已有700多人死亡， 2700多人受伤。5The fires burned for three days, _ a total of 25, 000 buildings. 大火持续了三天， 烧毁了25000座建筑。.词汇学
5、习1experiencen. 经验；经历v. 经历；遭受(1)experienced adj. 有经验的；熟练的(2)from/by experience 凭经验；从经验中(得出)be experienced in 在方面有经验【温馨提示】experience作“经验”讲是不可数名词， 作“经历”讲是可数名词。【活学活用】(1)Mr Brown has _ in teaching. 布朗先生有丰富的教学经验。(2)Yesterday afternoon I had _. 昨天下午， 我遭遇了一次可怕的经历。(3)Everyone _ at some time in their lives. 每
6、个人在人生的某个阶段都会经历这些问题。2causen. 原因， 起因；事业v. 引起， 导致for a good cause为了正义的事业cause sb. to do sth. 促使某人做某事【易混辨析】cause和reason(1) cause 指“导致某事发生的原因或起因”， 常跟of搭配。如：We do not yet know the cause of the accident. 我们尚不清楚事故的原因。(2) reason 指“做某事的理由”， 常跟for或why引导的定语从句搭配。He has given no reasons for his decision. 他并未说明他决定
7、的理由。【活学活用】(1)Tell me _ you were so late this morning.告诉我今天上午你来这么晚的原因。(2) _ was carelessness. 火灾的起因是粗心。3occurv. 发生；(come into ones mind)(想法、念头等)出现(1)occurrence n. 发生的事情、事件；发生；出现(2)sth. occur to sb. 某事浮现在某人的脑海中； 某人想到某事 It occurs to sb. that/It occurs to sb. to do 某人想到【易混辨析】take place, happen, occur, c
8、ome about和break out以上词或短语都含有“发生”的意思， 区别如下：(1)take place表示“发生， 举行， 举办”， 一般指非偶然性事件的发生， 即这种事件的发生是由于某种原因或根据事先的安排。(2)happen作“发生”讲， 一般用于偶然或突发性事件。另外还可以表示“碰巧”。常用于搭配：happen to do sth./It happens that(3)occur作“发生”讲， 其意义相当于happen, 但它还可以表示“想到， 突然想起”。(4)come about表示“发生， 产生”， 多指事情已经发生了， 但还不知道为什么， 常用于疑问句和否定句。可以构成句
9、型：How did it come about that？是怎么发生的？(5)break out意为“发生， 爆发”， 常指战争、灾难、疾病或者争吵等事件的发生， 也可以表示突然大声叫喊等。 【温馨提示】上面表示“发生”的五个词或短语， 都是不及物动词。其主语都是事情、事件等。【活学活用】(1) The 28th Olympic Games _ in Beijing. 第28届奥运会在北京举行。(2) How did it _that he knew where we were？他是怎么知道我们在什么地方的呢？(3) Should another world war _, what would
10、 become of human beings?万一另一次世界大战爆发， 人类将会发生什么事？(4) I _on my way home. _ I saw him on my way home. 我碰巧在回家的路上见到了他。(5) _ that you may be wrong?你有没有想到过你有可能是错的？4ruinv. (使)破产；(使)堕落；毁灭n. 毁灭；废墟in ruins成为废墟 go/fall/come to ruin 毁灭；崩溃；破坏掉【易混辨析】ruin, damage, destroy和harm(1)ruin 一般指对物体或生命彻底的破坏， 但往往是非暴力的， 也往往不是一
11、次性打击的结果， 常指对美好的或希望中的事物的破坏。(2)damage 一般指对物体或生命的局部损伤， 使整体的价值或作用降低或变得无价值、 无作用。它既可作名词， 也可作动词。作名词时常构成搭配： cause/do damage (to)(对)造成损害。(3)destroy 往往指对某物体进行完全的毁坏，使之无法恢复。(4)harm 一般指伤害有生命的东西， 常指伤及人的健康、 权利、 事业等。 What he faced ruined his hope. 他所面对的使他的希望破灭了。 The whole city was destroyed in the earthquake. 整个城市在
12、地震中被毁掉了。 We wanted to have a look at the ruins of Pompeii. 我们想看一下庞贝城的废墟。 They managed to repair the houses that had been damaged. 他们设法修复了受到破坏的房子。【活学活用】用ruin, damage或destroy的适当形式填空(1)The rain caused great _ to the crops. (2)The building was completely _ in the fire. (3)She poured water all over my pa
13、inting, and _ it. 5strikev. 打；碰撞； (突然)袭击；突然想到；让(某人)觉得， 留下印象；擦(火柴)；钟敲响 n. 罢工It strikes me that某人突然想到/意识到 be deeply struck 被深深打动strike sb. as 让某人觉得 be on strike 在罢工 go on strike 举行罢工 【易混辨析】strike, hit和beat(1)strike指用力地“打击”， 表示短暂的动作， 含有急速的或突然的一次性的殴打、打击或敲击， 是普通用词， 有时与hit通用， 并用于比喻意义。(2)hit 指“打”时， 侧重于对某一点
14、“打中， 击中”， 或有目的地打， 表结果。(3)beat 指“连续殴打， 击败”， 也指心脏的“跳动”。【活学活用】1. 根据语境判断strike在下列句中的含义(1)The plan strikes me as ridiculous. _ (2)His knee struck against the chair. _ (3)It was dark in the room so he struck a match. _(4)An earthquake struck this area last year. _(5)A good idea struck me and I decided to
15、go abroad. _ 2. 用beat, hit或strike的适当形式填空(1)When she heard the bad news, her heart _ fast. (2)They left the house when the clock _ twelve. (3)I was deeply _ by the beauty of the country. (4)It _ me that there was no one at home. (5)A bullet _ him on the leg. 短语学习1set fire to放火烧；使燃烧set on fire 放火烧；使燃烧
16、 catch fire着火；起火be on fire燃烧着 make a fire生火put out fire 扑火 play with fire 冒大风险；玩火【活学活用】(1)It took firemen several hours _ (扑灭火). (2)It seems that something _ (已经着火). (3)The house _ (在燃烧). (4)Anyone who _ (放火烧) the building cant escape punishment. 2take place发生；举行take sb.s place/take the place of 代替；
17、接替in place of 代替 in place在正确的位置；适当out of place 在错误的位置；在不适当的位置in sb.s place 处于某人的位置【活学活用】(1)The contest _ every four years. 该赛事每4年举行一次。(2)Jane was absent, and I had to find someone to_ .简没来， 我只好找个人替她。(3) Try to put yourself _ and think how you would feel.把自己放在我的位置上， 想想你会有什么感觉。(4) Some of these files
18、seem to be _. 有些档案似乎没放对地方。3end up结果为；以结束(1)put an end to sth. 使某事结束， 终止bring sth. to an end 使某事结束， 终止 come to an end 结束；终止(2)on end 连续地；竖着；直立地 in the end 最后；终于at the end of在结束时 by the end of 到结束时为止make ends meet 使收支相抵【温馨提示】end up往往指意料之外的结果， 后面可以加动名词、介词短语或形容词。如：If you continue to steal, youll end up
19、in prison. 你要是继续行窃， 终归得进监狱。We were going to go out, but ended up staying at home. 我们原计划外出， 但结果却是呆在家里了。If he carries on driving like that, hell end up dead. 他照那样开车， 早晚得死于非命。【活学活用】(1) What did the teacher say _ her lecture? 在上课结束时老师说了什么？(2) He had to give up _.他最终不得不放弃。(3) At first he refused to accep
20、t any responsibility but he _ apologizing. 最初他拒不承认有任何责任， 到头来还是道了歉。 【句式点拨】这两个句子都是现在分词作结果状语，表示意料之中的结果， 起补充说明的作用。而不定式作结果状语则表示意料之外的结果。【活学活用】(1)He dropped the plate, _ it into a hundred pieces. 他把盘子掉地上了， 摔成了碎片。(2)He got well prepared for the interview, _ that the interview was cancelled. 他精心为面试做好了准备， 结果却
21、被告知， 面试取消了。 .选词填空in all， set fire to， by the time， pick up， on average1. _ you arrive, I will have left.2._, I spend two hours doing my homework every day.3Sorry, I have to go to _ my son from school.4How much money does he owe you _? 5Have the police found out who _ the building?.单项填空12010天津卷 It ra
22、ined heavily in the south，_ serious flooding in several provinces.A. caused B. having caused C. causing D. to cause【解析】 C现在分词作状语，起补充说明的作用。22010天津卷 Joining the firm as a clerk, he got rapid promotion, and _ as a manager.A. ended up B. dropped out C. came back D. started off【解析】 A考查动词短语。end up as a re
23、sultit turns out to be 结果是，以为结局。32011安徽卷 _ ， I managed to get through the game and the pain was worth it in the end.A. Hopefully BNormally C. Thankfully DConveniently【解析】 C考查副词。hopefully怀有希望地；normally通常地；thankfully感激地，感谢地；conveniently方便地。句意：谢天谢地我最终成功地完成了比赛，所受的痛苦都是值得的。根据句意，C为正确答案。4Encourage your chil
24、dren to try new things, but try not to _ them too hard. Adraw Bstrike Crush Dpush【解析】 D考查动词辨析。句意：鼓励你的孩子去尝试新事物，但不要把他们逼得太紧了。push 推，挤，逼迫；strike 打，罢工，划燃；rush 冲进，匆促行事，催；draw 拉，拖，挨近，提取，画，绘制。根据句意，应选D。5By the time he realizes he _ into a trap, itll be too late for him to do anything about it. Awalks Bwalked
25、 Chas walked Dhad walked【解析】 C考查时态。句意：等到他意识到他已经掉进了一个陷阱的时候，对他来说做什么补救措施都为时已晚。在表时间、条件、让步的状语从句中，现在完成时可用来表示将来某时以前已完成的动作。6I got caught in the rain and my suit _ . Ahas ruined Bhad ruined Chas been ruined Dhad been ruined【解析】 C考查动词的时态和语态。很显然，主语my suit和谓语动词ruin之间是被动关系，但had been ruined又不符合时间关系，所以只有选C。当然此题如果用
26、was ruined, 也是可以的。7Some of these books are _ . Please put them in right order. Aout of order Bout of place Cout of control Dout of the question【解析】 Bout of place (in the wrong place or at the wrong time; not suitable; improper)(作表语用)在错误的位置；不适宜， 不得体。句意：有些书位置不对， 请把它们按顺序放好。8It _ that she was out when w
27、e called. Astruck Bcame about Coccurred Dhappened【解析】 DIt happens that碰巧发生某事。句意：我们打电话时她碰巧出去了。9The flood this summer caused serious _ to the crops in Northeast China.Adamage Bharm Churt Dinjury【解析】 Adamage意为“损坏，毁坏”；harm指精神上或物质上的危害；hurt多指精神或感情方面的伤害； injury着重指偶然事故对人的“损害”。damage符合句意。10He felt rather _ as he was the only person who wore sportswear at the dinner party. Ain place Bin the way Cby the way Dout of place【解析】 Dout of place的意思是“位置不当，不得体，不适当”。in place 在适当的位置，适当；in the way以某种方式；by the way顺便。由句意可知应选D。