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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上There is a popular belief among parents that schools are no longer interested inspelling .No school I have taught in has ever _ spelling or considered it unimportantas a basic skill. There are, however , vastly different ideas about how to teach it , or howmuch _ it must be given over g
2、eneral language development and writing ability. Theproblem is , how to encourage a child to express himself freely and _ in writing without holding him back with the complexities of spellingIf spelling become the only focal point of his teachers interest, clearly a _4_child will be likely to “play
3、safe”. He will tend to write only words within his spelling range,choosing to avoid _5_ language. Thats why teachers often _6_ the early use ofdictionaries and pay attention to content rather than technical was once shocked to read on the bottom of a sensitive piece of writing abouta personal experi
4、ence ：“ This work is _7_ !There are far too many spelling errors andyour writing is illegible( 难以辨认的 ).” It may have been a sharP_8_ of the pupilstechnical abilities in writing, but it was also a sad reflection on the teacher who had omittedto read the essay, which _9_ some beautiful expressions of
5、the childs teacher was not wrong to draw attention to the errors, but if his priorities had centredon the childs ideas, an expression of his disappointment with the presentation would havegiven the pupil more _10_ to seek improvement. A)priority B)criticism C)contained D)clearlyE)adventurous F ） dis
6、courage G)motivation H)terribleI)ignored J)difficult K)encourage L)expressedM)confidently N)bright O)motive L)expressed Answers: 1. 选 I ）。 由该句中的 has 可知，此处应填动词过去式，且表达的含义应和后面的 considerunimportant 相近，故应排除 contained 和 expressed而选择 ignored 。 2. 选 A ）。 此处应填名词，但能与后面 over 构成固定搭配的名词只有 priority ，故排除 了 critici
7、sm 和 motivation 。 3. 选 M). 由空格前面的 and 可知，此处应填副词和 freely 并列。从句意来理解，在没有拼写困难的情况下，怎样鼓励学生自由且 地表达自己，选项中只有 confidently “自信地“符合题意。 4. 选 N ）。 很明显这里应填形容词，选项中 terrible ， difficult 后接事物名词 something ，只有 adventurous 和 bright 可用来形容 somebody （ child )，再由后面的play safe“不冒险”，可排除adventurous而选择bright。 5. 选 E ）。 由前一句中的 be
8、 likely to “ play safe ”和空格前的 avoid可以推知，此处所填词的意思应与play safe表达的意思相反，故选项中只有adventurous符合题意。 6. 选 K ）。 很明显此处应填动词的一般现在时，可选项有 encourage和 persuade 。由 Thats why 知本句与前一句构成因果关系，而前一句说的是学生往往会用他们拼写范围内的词写文章，从而选择避免用那些不会的词，故由此可推知此句应理解为老师鼓励学生用字典，因此排除 persuade 而选encourage。 7. 选 H ）。 此处应填形容词。由空格后面的 too many spelling
9、errors和illegible可知，这篇文章是写的很糟，而不是很难理解。故排除difficult而选terrible。 8. 选 B ）。 此处应填名词。由后半句中 a sad reflection on the teacher可知，前半句是在指责学生，故选项中只有criticism符合题意。 9. 选 C ）。 此处填动词过去式，本句中由 which 引导的从句是对 essay的解释，剩余选项中 contained 和 expressed ，根据句意，文章 儿童内心感受的一些好的表达，故只有 contained 符合题意。 10. 选 G ）。 此处应填名词。根据句意，如果老师更注重学生思
10、想的表达的话，会给学生更大的动力去寻求提高；故排除 motive “动机，原因”而选 motivation 。As is known to all, the organization and management of wages and salaries are very complex. Generally speaking, the Accounts Department is _1_ for calculations of pay, while the Personnel Department is interested in discussions with the employee
11、s about pay. If a firm wants to _2_ a new wage and salary structure, it is essential that the firm should decide on a _3_ of job evaluation and ways of measuring the performance of its employees. In order to be _4_, that new pay structure will need agreement between Trade Unions and employers. In jo
12、b evaluation, all of the requirements of each job are defined in a detailed job description. Each of thsoe requirements is given a value, usually in points, which are _5_ together to give a total value for the job. For middle and higher management, a special method is used to evaluate managers on th
13、eir knowledge of the job, their responsibility, and their _6_ to solve problems. Because of the difficulty in measuring management work, however, job grades for managers are often decided without _7_ to an evaluation system based on points. In attempting to design a pay system, the Personnel Departm
14、ent should _8_ the value of each job with these in the job market. _9_, payment for a job should vary with any differences in the way that the job is performed. Where it is simple to measure the work done, as in the works done with hands, monetary encouragement schemes are often chosen, for _10_ wor
15、kers, where measurement is difficult, methods of additional payments are employed. Acompare Bresponsible Cuseful Dadded Efind Freference Gindirect Hmethod Isuccessful Jcombined KNecessarily Lcapacity Mability NBasically Oadopt Answers: 1.选B 此处应填形容词。原文意思为“会计部门.计算报酬”，选项中的形容词responsible“负责任的”，useful“有用
16、的”，indirect“间接的”，successful“成功的”，其中indirect不能与for连用，排除；剩余几项中只有B）responsible意义符合原句，其他均不符合，故排除。 2.选O 此处应填动词原形。本文主题就是采用一种新的工资和薪水制度时需要注意的问题，选项中的动词原形有compare“比较”，find“找到”，adopt“采纳”，分别带入原文，只有adopt最符合原文意思，故选O). 3.选H 此处应填名词。从原文看，and连接并列结构，所以要填的词应与and后面的ways意思一致，选项中的名词只有mathod = ways，故选H）method。 4.选I 此处应填形容词
17、。上文说新的工资制度需要一套决定工作评估和衡量雇员表现的方法，说的是制度“是否有用”的问题。这句说的时新的工资制度执行过程中的问题，劳资双方先期达成一致是薪酬制度成功的必要条件。形容词useful和successful，I）seccessful更符合原文意思。 5.选D 此处应填动词。这个动词的宾语是point“分值”，把分值.起来to give a total value得出总分值，选项中有added和combined，前者指“把.相加”，后者意为“把.结合在一起”，原文指将分值相加得出总分，故D）added最符合文意。 6.选M 此处应填名词。首先solve problem“解决问题”是经
18、理们应具备的能力，选项中的capacity与ability都可以表示“能力”；前者强调的是理解的能力和接受事物的能力，而后者强调实际应用的能力，故不难判断解决问题的能力应该用M）ability。 7.选F 此处应填名词。前半句指出“因为管理工作很难评估，经理的工作得分不需要参照基于分值的评估系统决定。”without reference to为固定搭配，意思是“与.无关”。故选F）reference。 8.选A 此处应填动词原形。原句中出现了the value of each job“每种工作的价值”和these in the job market“工作市场上的（工作价值）”，说明人事部门通过
19、比较两种价值来计算工资制度。选项中只有compare表示“比较”，所以A）正确。 9.选K 此处应填副词，修饰整句话。“报酬要随工作表现各方面的不同而有所改变”，选项中Necessarily“必须地”与Basically“基本地”为副词，分别带入原文，“报酬.的变化是必须的”更符合上下文意思，故排除N),选K)。 10.选G 此处应填形容词。前文中提到一种情况即simple to measure the work done易于评估的工作，通常用现金奖励办法；而.measurement is difficult“难于评估的”，说明这些工作人员的工作不像手工工作那么直接，因而是间接的，故选项中只有
20、G）indirect符合原句的意思。Many a young person tells me he wants to be a writer. I always _1_ such people, but I also explain that theresa big difference between being a writer and writing. In most cases these individuals are dreaming of _2_ and fame, notthe long hours alone at a typewriter. Youve got to wan
21、t to write, I say to them, not want to be a writer.The reality is that writing is a _3_, private and poor-paying affair. For every writer kissed by fortune there arethousands more whose longing is never _4_. When I left a 20-year career in the US. Coast Guard to become a freelancewriter(自由撰稿人), I ha
22、d no _5_ at all. What I did have was a friend who found me my room in a New York apartment building. It didnt even matter that it was _6_and had no bathroom. I immediately bought a used manual typewriter and feltlike a _7_ a year or so, however, I still hadnt gotten a break and began to _8_ myself.
23、It was so hard to sell a storythat _9_ made enough to eat. But I knew I wanted to write. I had dreamed about it for years. I wasnt going to be one ofthose people who die wondering, what if I would keeo putting my dream to the test-even though it meant living with _10_and fear of failure. This is the
24、 Shadow land of hope, and anyone with a dream learn to live barely B) genuine C) rewarded D) doubtE) lonely F) poverty G) persuade H) prospectsI) uncertainty J)impossibly K) encourage L)awardedM) alone N)wealth O)cold Answers:1.选K)。 此处应填动词的原形。可选项有doubt, persuade, encourage, 但由always推知，作者是在鼓励那些想要成为作家
25、的人，而不是怀疑也不是说服，故排除doubt和persuade而选encourage。 2.选N)。由空格后的fame可知，此处应填名词。可选项有prospects和wealth，但由dreaming of 与第二段中The reality is. poor-paying可推知，那些想当作家的人梦想的是金钱和名誉，而不是前途，故排除prospects而选wealth。 3.选E)。此处应填形容词，private, poor-paying一起修饰affair。选项中有lonely和alone,能修饰affair的只有lonely,alone表示“孤独的”时，通常作表语，故排除alone而选lon
26、ely。 4.选C)。此处应填动词的被动形式。可选项有rewarded和awarded,前者可表示“（为所希望的举动得到的）回报”，后者作动词时表示“颁发，授予”，故只有rewarded符合题意而排除awarded。 5.选H)。此处应填名词。“当我辞别了我在美国海岸警卫队20年工作成为一个自由撰稿人时，没有任何.可言”，可选项有prospects和wealth，但wealth一般指抽象意义上的“金钱”，因此排除wealth而选prospects“前途”。 6.选O)。it指代的是apartment building，从had no bathroom可知这个公寓条件很差，选项中只有cold能说
27、明公寓的条件差，故选择O)cold。 7.选B)。“我马上买了一台旧的手动打字机，感觉自己就好像是一个.的作家”，由前面提到的to become a freelance writer可推知，此处作者是想成为一个真正的作家，故选项中只有genuine“真正的”符合题意。 8.选D)。由空格前的to可知，此处应填动词的原形。可选项有doubt,persuade,encourage,但由still hadnt gotten a break在写作上还没有任何进展”，所以此处应理解为他开始怀疑自己的选择是否正确，故doubt符合文意。 9.选A)。that从句结构完整，后面有made，故此处应填副词。可
28、选项有barely和impossibly，因that引导的从句是对story的解释，再由hard一词可推知，此处应填的副词应表达肯定的意思，故排除impossibly而选barely“仅仅，刚刚”。 10.选I)。由空格后的and可知，此处应填名词。由fear of failure可知，所填词应表示不好的境遇，可选项有poverty和uncertainty;又由fear可推知，此处强调的是生活的变化无常，而不是生活的贫困，故选uncertainty。Britain is not just one country and one people; even if some of its inhab
29、itants think so. Britain is, in fact, a nation which can be divided into several _1_ parts, each part being an individual country with its own language, character and cultural _2_. Thus Scotland, Northern Ireland and Wales do not claim to _3_ to England because their inhabitants are not _4_ English.
30、 They are Scottish, Irish or Welsh and many of them prefer to speak their own native tongue, which in turn is _5_ to the others. These cultural minorities(少数民族) have been Britains original inhabitants. In varying degrees they have managed to _6_ their national characteristics, and their particular c
31、ustoms and way of life. This is probably even more ture of the _7_ areas where traditional ife has not been so affected by the _8_ of industrialism as the border areas have been. The Celtic races are said to be more emotional by nature than the English. An Irish temper is legendary. The Scots could
32、rather _9_ about their reputation for excessive thrift and prefer to be remembered for their folk songs and dances, while the Welsh are famous for their singing. The Celtic _10_ as a whole produces humorous writers and artists, such as the Irish Bernard Shaw, the Scottish Robert Burns, and the Welsh
33、 Dylan Thomas, to mention but a few. Aincomprehensible Btemper Cremote Dseparate Eunderstandable Fforget Ggenerally Htemperament Ipreserve Jstrictly Ktraditional Lreserve Mgrowth Napply Obelong Answers: 1.选 D此处应填形容词，修饰名词parts。文章首句即提出观点Britain is not just one country and one people“英国不只是一个国家和一个民族”，又从
34、后文的invided into, each part以及Individual country可知英国被分成几个分离的部分，选项中只有separate表达了这个意思，故D）正确。 2.选 K此处应填名词。选项中有四个词temper, temperament, traditions和growth,语言等是一个民族的文化传统，故这里应该填K）traditions，其他几个名词不符合上下文。 3.选 O此处应填动词原形。前文中说明英国被分成独立的几部分，各自保存自己的文化传统；后文中because.说明苏格兰、北爱尔兰以及威尔士的居民不承认自己是“English”，说明他们并不承认自己属于“Engla
35、nd”，故这里应该选择O）belong。apply也可以和to连用，但apply to表示“将.应用于”，不符合上下文意思。 4.选 J此处应填形容词或副词。选项中的副词有generally和strictly，文中要表达的意思是因为这几个部分都有自己的语言和文化传统，所以严格来说，他们不是“English”，但他们都属于English。故J）strictly符合文意。generally“一般地，大体地”放在原文意义上不够严谨。三个形容词不能使语义通顺。 5.选 A从前文中prefer to speak their own native tongue即苏格兰语、苏格兰语和威尔士语，那么这些语言对
36、the others（见注释1）来说是陌生的，听不懂的。那么就不难从选项中的incomprehensible和understandable中选择前者，故A）incomprehensible“不能理解的”正确。 6.选 I由manage to结构可知此处要填的是动词原形。选项中的动词原形还有forget，preserve和reserve。从下文中traditional life has not been so affected,可知他们成功地保存了自己的传统，排除forget；reserve和presserve都有“保存”的意思，前者指存留起来以派别的用场，后者指想办法保持原样，强调抵制破坏因素
37、，故I）preserve符合文意。 7.选 C此处应填形容词。从后文where traditional life has not been so affected by the . of industrialis人们的传统生活受工业化.的影响没有那么大的地方可以推知，这些地方是比较偏远的地方，选项中的C）remote“偏僻的，遥远的”符合上下文意思。 8.选 Mborder area“边界地区”的工业化发展的比remote area要快，所以此处要填的词是表示上升、增长的词，表示工业化的发展，选项M）growth“增长，发展”符合上下文意思。 9.选 Fwould rather和prefer意
38、思相同，后面是宁愿让人记住他们的好的东西：民歌，舞蹈等。前面说的是过分节俭的坏名声，所以填入动词的意思应该与remember意思相反，选项中的F）forget符合上下文意思。 10.选H 此处应填名词。选项中的名词还有temper和temperament。前者指脾气，指情绪上的主要特征，后者指特征、气质，尤指带感*彩的个性和在社交上的个性。这里指的是整个凯尔特民族的特征，故H）temperament正确。The first modern Olympic Games was held in Athens（雅典)in 1896and only twelve nations participated
39、. Besides the host nationman participants were tourists who _1_ to be in Greece atthe time. Though the whole affair was _2_ and the standardwas not high, the old principle of amateur sport was kept then the games had been held every four yearsexcept during the _3_ of the two World War. This was _4_
40、adeparture from the old Olympic spirit when wars had to stoPandmake way for the games have grown enormously in scale and _5_performances have now reached unprecedented the same cannot be said about their _6_ of Olympia, the modern games are now held in differentcities all over the world. Inevitably
41、politics and commercialismget involvedas countries vie each other for(为 . 而互相竞争) the _7_ to hold the games because of the politicalprestige and commercial profit to be _8_ out of them. Inthe 11 th games held in Berlin in 1936, Hitler who had newlycome to _9_ in Germany tried to use the occasion for
42、hisNazi propaganda. For the first time the Olympic flame wasbrought all the way from Olympia to the games site in relays,a marathon journey now often taking months to honour B) accomplish C) had D) moralE) arrive F) occured G) end H) power I) happened J) definitely K) Physical L) informalM) interrup
43、tion N) especially O) irregular ANSWERS : 1.选I空格中要填词为who引导的定语从句中的谓语动词，可知此处应填动词的过去式。可选项有had, occurred和happened,首先空格所在的who引导的定语从句修饰的是tourists“游客”，happened to be in Greece“碰巧在希腊”是符合这样的语境的，而had to “不得不”和occur to表示“想起，想到”都不能使句意通顺。 2.选Land引导两个意思相近的并列结构，由the standard was not high“标准不高”可知，此处要填的是和not high语气一
44、致的形容词，再由前两句可知，参赛的国家很少并且有很多很多游客参加了比赛，这说明这次比赛没有那么正式，选项中只有informal符合题意。选项irregular则一般表示“（形状）不规则的，（安排）无规律的”，与句意不符，故排除。 3.选M从句中的except可知在两次世界大战中没有比赛，说明的是奥运会因战争而中断。选项中有end和interruption可表示停止，end“终断”，表示某事中断后不再继续，interruption“中断”，表示某事中断后仍然继续，故选择interruption。 4.选J本句主系表结构完整，由此可知，此处应填副词，修饰整个句子。选项中有definitely和es
45、pecially，从句意来理解，这.违背了古老的奥林匹克精神，将definitely“显然地”带入原文，符合原文的意思；而especially“特别地”表示强调，而此处表示的则是通过比较后得出结果，故排除especially。 5.选K奥林匹克比赛中的两个最重要的方面就是竞技水平和运动精神，由grown enormously in scale可知，现在参加奥林匹克运动会规模渐大，运动员逐渐增多，因此应理解为体育竞技水平达到了前所未有的高度，因此应选physical。 6.选D此处应填形容词。由Unfortunately和because of the political prestige and
46、 commercial profit可推出，不幸的是各国竞争举办奥运的目的是为了政治威望与利益，可见此处说明的是与体育成绩相对应的运动会的道德水准没有得到相应的提高，选项中只有moral符合题意。 7.选A此处应填名词。各国争夺举办奥运会，to hold the games是一种实力象征，也是一种荣耀。选项中有honour和power可选，power一般指“（个人或团体所掌握或获得的）职权”，故排除power而选honour“荣幸”。 8.选C此处应填动词的被动形式，这里考查的是动词have的一个搭配用法即have something out of something“从.中得到.”，故这里选
47、这C）had,表示“举办奥运会带来的政治威望和商业利润。” 9.选Hcme to power是固定搭配，意为“（开始）掌权，上台”。 10.选B此处应填动词的原形。可选项有accomplish,arrive和end,arrive一般指“到达（某地）”，end强调的是“（使某事）结束”，因此都不能与journey搭配，故排除arrive和end而选accomplish“完成”。Nowadays, is it possible to tell a persons class just by looking at him Physical details _1_ tell us about health, diet and type of work done. A hundred years ago the working class very often lookd unhealthy, small and were either too thin or too fat. The upper classes were often _2_, sporting types who were used to a good diet and looked healthy. Today living and working conditions have impr