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1、2001 年中国人民大学考博英语真题及答案 Vocabulary (10 points)Part A (5 points)Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choicesmarked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark thecorresponding letter with a single bar across the square bracket on ANSWER SHEET.1.An
2、d the topic “fat” is forbidden. Even the slightest paunch betrays thatone is losing the trim andof youth.A. vagueB. vigorC. vogueD. vulgar2.All specialists agree that the most important consideration with diet drugsis carefullythe risks and benefits.A. valuingB. evaluatingC. estimatingD. weighing3.C
3、hinese often shake my hand and dont let go. They talk away contentedly,of my discomfort and struggle to disengage my hand.A. obliviousB. patentC. obviousD. pernicious4.The word “foolish” is too mild to describe your behavior, I would preferthe word.A. ideologicalB. idyllicC. idioticD. idiomatic5.Bec
4、ause of its excellence in quality, for the last two years, Audi car hasGermanys Touring Car Championship.A. conqueredB. contestedC. dominatedD. determined6.What we consider a luxury at one time frequently becomes a, manyfamilies find that ownership of two cars is indispensable.A. fashionB. necessity
5、C. proclivityD. nuisance7.The chief editor thought he took some liberties with the original intranslation. So it was necessary that he make thesuggested.A. alterationsB. alternativesC. alternationsD. altercations8.Many well-educated people dont believe thatwill endanger freedomof speech.A. censershi
6、pB. censureshipC. sensorshipD. censorship9.Theof “snake” is simply this: a legless reptile with a long, thin body.A. connotationB. denominationC. donationD. denotation10.When the opposing player fouled John, John let his angerhis good senseand hit the boy back.A. got the feel ofB. got the hang ofC.
7、got the better ofD. got the worst ofPart B (5 points)Directions: In each of the following sentences there is one word or phraseunderlined. Below the sentence are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose theword or phrase that is closest in meaning to the underlined one. Mark thecorresponding letter
8、 with a single bar across the square bracket on ANSWER SHEET.11.Although this book claims to be a biography of George Washington, many ofthe incidents are imaginary.A. fascinatingB. factitiousC. fastidiousD. fictitious12.The trade fair is designed to facilitate further cooperation between Chineseaut
9、o industries and overseas auto industries.A. promoteB. protectC. preserveD. prolong13.He was concerned only with mundane matters, especially the daily stock marketquotations.A. rationalB. obscureC. worldlyD. eminent14.The earthquake that occurred in India this year was a major calamity in whicha gre
10、at many lives were lost.A. casualtyB. catastropheC. catalogueD. crusade15.The doctors were worried because the patient did not recuperate as rapidlyas they had expected.A. withdrawB. emergeC. recoverD. uncover16.The purchaser of this lorry is protected by the manufacturers warrantythat he will re pl
11、ace any defective part for five years or 50,000 miles.A. prohibitionB. insuranceC. prophecyD. guarantee17.The boy could not reconcile himself to the failure, he did not believe thatwas his lot.A. submitB. commitC. transmitD. permit18.In some cities of North China, the noise pollution is as pronounce
12、d as thatin Tokyo.A. contemptuousB. contagiousC. conspicuousD. contemplated19.Trivial breaches of regulations we can pass over, but more serious ones willhave to be investigated.A. exceedB. witherC. overpassD. neglect20.We were discussing the housing problem when a middle-aged man cut in andsaid,“Th
13、eres no point in talking about impossibilities.”A. intersectB. interjectC. penetrateD. adulterate Cloze (10 points)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage, and for each blankthere are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D at the end of the passage. You should choosethe ONE answer that best
14、 fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letterwith a single bar across the square bracket on the ANSWER SHEET.Motorways are, no doubt the safest roads in Britain. Mile 21mile, vehiclefor vehicle, you are much22likely to be killed or seriously injured than onan ordinary road. On 23hand, i
15、f you do have a serious accident on a motorway,fatalities are much more likely to24than in a comparable accident25on theroads.Motorways have no26bends, no roundabouts or traffic lights and27speedsare much greater than on other roads. Though the 70 mph limit is28in force,it is often treated with the
16、contempt that most drivers have for the 30 mpb limitapplying in built up areas in Britain. Added to this is the fact that motorway drivers各类考试资料 vx：344647 公众号：顺通考试资料seem to like traveling in groups with perhaps 29ten metres between each vehicle.The resulting horrific pile-ups 30vehicle stops for som
17、e reason, such asmechanical failure, driver error and so on, have become all31familiar throughpictures in newspapers or on television. How32of these drivers realize thatit takes a car about one hundred metres to brake to a stop3370 mph? Driversalso seem to think that motorway driving gives them comp
18、lete protection from thechanging weather. 34wet the road, whatever the visibility in mist or fog, on they35at ridiculous speeds oblivious of police warnings or speed restrictions36their journey comes to a conclusion. Perhaps one remedy37this motorway madnesswould be better driver education. At prese
19、nt, learner drivers are bared38motorways and are thus as far as this kind of driving is39thrown in at the deepend. However, much more efficient policing is required,40it is the duty of thepolice not only to enforce the law but also to protect the general public from itsown foolishness.21.A.forB. aft
20、erC. toD. by22.A.moreB. farC. lessD. lesser23.A.anotherB. otherC. oneD. the other24.A.come upB. occurC. be foundD. arise25.A.everywhereB. elsewhereC. anywhereD. somewhere26.A.pointedB. steepC. verticalD. sharp27.A.thusB. thenC. soD. thereupon28.A.yetB. evenC. stillD. subsequently29.A.utterlyB. simpl
21、yC. barelyD. purely30.A.becauseB. sinceC. whenD. for31.A.tooB. alsoC. undulyD. unreasonably32.A.manyB. muchC. deeplyD. profoundly33.A.toB. fromC. atD. for34.A.WhateverB. HoweverC. WhoeverD. How35.A.pushB. rakeC. tillD. plough36.A.unlessB. beforeC. thusD. until37.A.toB. forC. ofD. on38.A.fromB. again
22、stC. awayD. off39.A.relatedB. consideredC. concernedD. touched40.A.butB. thenC. themD. for Reading Comprehension(20 points)Directions: Read the following passages, decide on the best one of the choicesmarked A, B,C and D for each question or unfinished statement and mark thecorresponding letter with
23、 a single bar across the square bracket on ANSWER SHEET.Passage 1The next time the men were taken up onto the deck, Kunta made a point of lookingat the man behind him in line, the one who lay beside him to the left when theywere below. He was a Serere tribesman much older than Kunta, and his body, f
24、rontand back, was creased with whip cuts, some of them so deep and festering that Kuntafelt badly for having wished sometimes that he might strike the man in the darknessfor moaning so steadily in his pain. Staring back at Kunta, the Sereres dark eyeswere full of fury and defiance. A whip lashed out
25、 even as they stood looking ateach otherthis time at Kunta, spurring him to move ahead. Trying to roll away,Kunta was kicked heavily in his ribs. But somehow he and the gasping Wolof managedto stagger back up among the other men from their shelf who were shambling towardtheir dousing with buckets of
26、 seawater.A moment later, the stinging saltiness of it was burning in Kuntas wounds,and his screams joined those of others over the sound of the drum and the wheezingthing that had again begun marking time for the chained men to jump and dance forthe toubob. Kunta and the Wolof were so weak from the
27、ir new beating that twice theystumbled, but whip blows and kicks sent them hopping clumsily up and down in theirchains. So great was his fury that Kunta was barely aware of the women singing“Toubob fa!” And when he had finally been chained back down in his place in thedark hold, his heart throbbed w
28、ith a lust to murder toubob.Every few days the eight naked toubob would again come into the stinking darknessand scrape their tubs full of the excrement that had accumulated on the shelveswhere the chained men lay. Kunta would lie still with his eyes staring bale fullyin hatred, following the bobbin
29、g orange lights, listening to the toubod cursingand sometimes slipping and tailing into the slickness underfootso plentiful now,because of the increasing looseness of the mens bowels, that the filth had begunto drop off the edges of the shelves down into the aisleway.The last time they were on deck,
30、 Kunta had noticed a man limping on a badlyinfected leg. This time the man was kept up on deck when the rest were taken backbelow. A few days later, the women told the other prisoners in their singing thatthe mans leg had been cut off and that one of the women had been brought to tendhim, but that t
31、he man had died that night and been thrown over the side. Startingthen, when the toubob came to clean the shelves, they also dropped red-hot piecesof metal into pails of strong vinegar. The clouds of acrid steam left the holdsmelling better, but soon it would again be overwhelmed by the choking stin
32、k. Itwas a smell that Kunta felt would never leave his lungs and skin.The steady murmuring that went on in the hold whenever the toubob were gonekept growing in volume and intensity as the men began to communicate better andbetter with one another. Words not understood were whispered from mouth to e
33、ar alongthe shelves until someone who knew more than one tongue would send back theirmeanings. In the process, all of the men along each shelf learned new words in tonguesthey had not spoken before. Sometimes men jerked upward, bumping their heads, inthe double excitement of communicating with each
34、other and the fact that it wasbeing done without the toubobs knowledge. Muttering among themselves for hours,the men developed a deepening sense of intrigue and of brotherhood. Though theywere of different villages and tribes, the feeling grew that they were not fromdifferent peoples or places.41.Th
35、e living conditions for the Blacks in the hold of the slave ship were.A. adequate but primitiveB. inhumane and inadequateC. humane but crowdedD. similar to the crews quarters42.The prisoners had difficulty communicating with each other because.A. they were too sick to talkB. they distrusted one anot
36、herC. no one felt like talkingD. they spoke different languages43.Which of the following words is closest in meaning to balefully as used in“Kunta would lie still with his eyes staring balefully in hatred”?A. IndulgentlyB. VacantlyC. ForlornlyD. Menacingly44.By constantly referring to such things as
37、 filth and choking stink, the authorseeks to create a tone that arouses a feeling of.A. disgust with the dirtB. horror at the injusticeC. revolting at the foul odorD. relief that this happened long ago45.Despite their intense pain and suffering, the Black men found a small measureof comfort in.A. th
38、eir exercise periods on deckB. the breathtaking ocean sceneryC. their conversations with the Black womenD. their conversations with one anotherPassage 2Large, multinational corporations may be the companies whose ups and downs seizeheadlines. But to a far greater extent than most Americans realize,
39、the economys vitality depends on the fortunes of tiny shops and restaurants, neighborhoodservices and factories. Small businesses, defined as those with fewer than 100workers, now employ nearly 60 percent of the work force and are expected to generatehalf of all new jobs between now and the year 200
40、0. Some 1.2 million small firmshave opened their doors over the past six years of economic growth, and 1989 willsee an additional 200,000 entrepreneurs striking off on their own.Too many of these pioneers, however, will blaze ahead unprepared. Idealistswill o verestimate the clamor for their product
41、s or fail to factor in the competition.Nearly everyone will underestimate, often fatally, the capital that successrequires. Midcareer executives, forced by a takeover or a restructuring to quitthe corporation and find another way to support themselves, may savor the idea ofbeing their own boss but m
42、ay forget that entrepreneurs must also, at least for awhile,bebookkeeperandreceptionist,too.AccordingtoSmallBusinessAdministration data, 24 of every 100 businesses starting out today are likely tohave disappeared in two years, and 27 more will have shut their doors four yearsfrom now. By 1995, more
43、than 60 of those 100 start-ups will have folded. A new studyof 3,000 small businesses, sponsored by American Express and the National Federationof Independent Business, suggests slightly better odds: Three years after start-up,77 percent of the companies surveyed were still alive. Most credited thei
44、r successin large part to having picked a business they already were comfortable in. Eightypercent had worked with the same product or service in their last jobs.Thinking through an enterprise before the launch is obviously critical. Butmany entrepreneurs forget that a firms health in its infancy ma
45、y be littleindication of how well it will age. You must tenderly monitor its pulse. In theirzeal to expand, small-business owners often ignore early warning signs of a stagnantmarket or of decaying profitability. They hopefully pour more and more money intothe enterprise, preferring not to acknowled
46、ge eroding profit margins that mean themarket for their ingenious service or product has evaporated, or that they mustcut the payroll or vacate their lavish offices. Only when the financial well runsdry do they see the seriousness of the illness, and by then the patient is usuallytoo far gone to sav
47、e.Frequent checks of your firms vital signs will also guide you to a sensiblerate of growth. To snatch opportunity, you must spot the signals that it is timeto conquer new markets, add products or perhaps franchise your hot ideA.46.According to the passage, a countrys economy is probably decided by.
48、A. the prosperity and decline of the transnational corporationsB. the rise and fall of the markets and products as well as capitalC. the fate of the small businesses such as small plants and restaurantsD. the economic increase and decrease of the large companies47.In order to succeed in a business,
49、the entrepreneur should.A. get very well prepared for his new businessB. choose a business hes already familiar withC. examine the companys crucial signs now and thenD. invest as much as possible into his enterprise48.Which of the following statements about small business is not true?.A. It helps ef
50、fectively to fight unemployment.B. The earlier it starts, the sooner it collapses.C. Theres a good omen for small business according to a survey.D. Some small business owners are blind to early premonition of failure.49.What does the last sentence in the 3rd paragraph mean according to thepassage?A.