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1、数词主要包括数词主要包括基数词、序数词和分数词基数词、序数词和分数词。基数词是表示数目多少的数词,序数词是基数词是表示数目多少的数词,序数词是表示先后顺序的数词。分数词由基数词和表示先后顺序的数词。分数词由基数词和序数词构成。序数词构成。一、基数词一、基数词1. dozen, score, hundred, thousand, million, billion等前有具体数字或等前有具体数字或several, a few等修等修饰时,一般用单数;它们的复数形式常后接饰时,一般用单数;它们的复数形式常后接of短语,表示不确切数目。短语,表示不确切数目。如:如: I make nine hundre
2、d dollars a week. I must have mentioned him dozens of times in my letters.2. 表示年岁表示年岁时,用时,用“in ones +逢十的基数词的逢十的基数词的复数复数”,如,如in her fifties。3. 表示年代表示年代时,用时,用“in the +逢十的基数词的复逢十的基数词的复数数”。基数词的复数若用阿拉伯数字表示,。基数词的复数若用阿拉伯数字表示,可直接加可直接加s,也可,也可加加s,如,如in the 1950s / 1950s。二、序数词二、序数词1. 序数词前通常要加定冠词序数词前通常要加定冠词the或
3、形容词性物或形容词性物主代词主代词,如,如the third floor, my first visit to New York。2. 序数词前也可加不定冠词,表示序数词前也可加不定冠词,表示“再一个,再一个,又一次又一次”。如:如: You really ought to make the most of the opportunity, because you wont get a second chance.三、分数词三、分数词1. 分子用基数词分子用基数词表示,表示,分母用序数词分母用序数词表示;表示;除分子为除分子为1的情况外,序数词都要用复数形的情况外,序数词都要用复数形式式。 如
4、如:1/3 one third 2/5 two fifths2. “分数分数/百分数百分数+ of +名词名词/代词代词”作主语时,作主语时,谓语动词的数与名词或代词的数保持一致谓语动词的数与名词或代词的数保持一致。如:如: One third of these jobs are held by women. About 50 percent of his work is to design programmes.四、常见考点四、常见考点高考对数词的考查主要集中在高考对数词的考查主要集中在年龄表达法年龄表达法、年代表达法年代表达法、序数词前加冠词序数词前加冠词及数词作主及数词作主语时的语时的主
5、谓一致主谓一致等。等。改错。改错。1. Then, when I was in the five grade, I wanted to be a teacher because I liked my English teacher so much. (2019年全国卷年全国卷 II短文改错短文改错)fifth2. In the summer holiday following my eighteen birthday, I took driving lessons. (2017年全国卷年全国卷I短文改错短文改错)eighteenth将下列句子翻译成英语。将下列句子翻译成英语。1. 我买了一打鸡
6、蛋,有一些是坏的我买了一打鸡蛋,有一些是坏的。2. 他五十几岁时开始对科学感兴趣他五十几岁时开始对科学感兴趣。3. 在现代社会,掌握第二语言是值得的在现代社会,掌握第二语言是值得的。I bought a dozen eggs and some of them were bad.When he was in his fifties, he became interested in science.It is worth mastering a second language in modern society.4. 据一项调查显示,平均来算,女性承担三分据一项调查显示,平均来算,女性承担三分之二
7、的家务和四分之三的孩子养育工作之二的家务和四分之三的孩子养育工作。5. 我校大约有我校大约有200位教师,其中百分之三十是女位教师,其中百分之三十是女教师。教师。According to a survey, on average, women do two thirds of the housework and three fourths of the childcare.In our school there are about 200 teachers, thirty percent of whom are women.6. 二十世纪八十年代早期,人们常骑自行车去二十世纪八十年代早期,人们常骑自行车去工作工作。7. 她为退休生活积攒了几千美元。她为退休生活积攒了几千美元。People used to ride a bike to work in the early 1980s.She has a few thousand dollars put away for her retirement.