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1、学习必备欢迎下载时态讲解：现在完成时（1）构成：现在完成时由助动词have + 过去分词构成，助动词have 有人称和数的变化。第三人称单数用 has，其余用 have. 现在完成时的否定式直接在助动词后面加上not、疑问式是把助动词提到主语之前。以study 为例，其否定式、疑问式和简单回答形式如下：否定式疑问式I have not (havent) studied.Have I studied?You have not (havent) studied.Have you studied?He has not (hasnt) studied.Has he studied?否定疑问式简单回答（
2、肯定 /否定）Have I not (Havent I) studied?Yes, you have. No, you havent.Have you not (Havent you) studied?Yes, I have. No, I havent.Has he not (Hasnt he) studied?Yes, he has. No, he has nt.（2）用法： 1）现在完成时通常表示在 说话之前已经完成的动作或存在的状态。说话人强调的是该动作或状态对现在的结果或影响 。My daughter has just gone out. 我女儿刚出去。I m sure we ve m
3、et before. 我肯定我们以前见过面。She has arrived. 她到了。2）表示持续到现在的动作或状态，往往和包括现在在内的表示一段时间的状语连用，如recently, already, just, lately, for, since,yet 等。如：I haven t heard from her these days. 这些日子我没有收到她的信。We havent seen you recently. 最近我们没有见到你。They have been away for two years. 他们离开已经两年了。She has been with us since Monda
4、y. 注意： 1）since和 for 的区别since后接时间点，如 1993，last term, yesterday, the time I got there for 后接一段时间，表示 “ 长达多久 ” ，如 ten years, a while, two days等。Exercise: 用 since和 for 填空1. Jim has been in Ireland _ Monday. 2. Jill has been in Ireland _ three days. 3. His aunt has lived in Australia _15 days. 4. Mary is
5、in her office. She has been there _ 7 oclock. 5. India has been an independent country _1974. 6. The bus is late. Theyve been waiting _ 20 minutes. 7. Nobody lives in those houses. They have been empty _ many years. 8. Mike has been ill _a long time. He has been in hospital _ October. 2）表示短暂意义的动词如ar
6、rive, leave, borrow, buy, begin, start, die等，在完成时当中不能和表示一段时间的状语连用，因为它们表示的动作不可能持续。因此，不能说：He has come here for 2 weeks. The old man has died for 4 months. They have left only for 5 minutes. 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 5 页 - - - - - - - - - - 学习必备欢迎下载以上三句话
7、可以改为：He has been here for 2 weeks. The old man has _ _ for 4 months. They have _ _ only for 5 minutes. 3）have (has) been 和 have (has) gone的区别：表示“ 曾到过某地 ” 要用 “have (has) been”; 表示“ 已经去某地 ” 要用 “have (has) gone”。试比较：Where has he been? 他刚才到哪里去了？（已经回来了）Where has he gone? 他上哪儿去了？（人不在）They have been to Can
8、ada. 他们到过加拿大。（现在已经不在加拿大）They have gone to Canada. 他们到加拿大去了。（可能在路上和已经到加拿大）. 4）现在完成时不能和表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday, last year, in 1976, two days ago, just now, when I came in，但可以和 already, yet, sometimes, always, often, before, lately, recently, once, twice, ever, never等连用。例如：She has already come. 她已经来了。I
9、haven t read it yet. 我还没读过这个。I have met him before. 我从前曾见过他。Ma Hong has always been a good student. 马红一直是个好学生。I have often seen him in the street. 我经常在街上看见他。They have never been to Yanan. 他们从未去过延安。I havent seen him lately. 我近来没看到他。Exercise: I. Fill in the blanks with the proper form. 1. I_ already _
10、 (see) the film. I _ (see) it last week. 2. _ he _ (finish) his work today? Not yet. 3. My father _ just _ (come) back from work. He is tired now. 4. Where s Li Ming ? He _ (go) to the teachers office.5. I _ (work) here since I _ (move) here in 1999. 6. So far I _(make) quite a few friends here. 7.
11、How long _ the Wangs _(stay) here ? For two weeks. 8. I _ just _ (finish) my homework. 9. He _ (go) to school on foot every day. 10._ you _ (find) your science book yet? 11. If it _ (be) fine tomorrow, Ill go with you. 12. The students _ (read) English when the teacher came in. 13. Look! The monkey
12、_ (climb) the tree. 14. My mother _ (come) to see me next Sunday. 15. Ive lost my pen. _ you _ (see) it anywhere? II. Choose the best answer. 1. How long have you _ here? A. come B. got C. arrived D. been 2. My grandpa died _. A. at the age of my 2 B. for 2 years C. when I was 2. D. my age was 6. 3.
13、 Jane has _ to BeiJing. She will come back tomorrow. A. been B. gone C. went D. never been 4. It is ten years _ I last saw her. A. after B. since C. for D. that 5.-Who will go to the station to meet Lorry? -I will. I _ her several times. 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - -
14、- - -第 2 页，共 5 页 - - - - - - - - - - 学习必备欢迎下载A. met B. have met C. had met D. will meet 6. -What a nice dress! How long _ you _ it? -Just 2 weeks. A. will, buy B. did, buy C. are, having D. have, had 7.-Do you know Lydia very well? -Yes, She and I _ friends since we were very young. A. have made B.
15、have become C. have been D. have turned 8. The Smiths _ in China for 8 years. A. has lived B. lived C. have been D. live 9. -Hello, this is Mr. Green speaking. Can I speak to Mr. Black? - Sorry. He _ the Bainiao Park. A. has been to B. has gone to C. went to D. will go to 10. -_ you ever _ to the US
16、? - Yes, twice. A. Have, gone B. Have, been C, Do, go D. were, going III. Rewrite the sentences. 1. I have been to Macau before. ( 改为否定句 ) I _ _ been to Macau before. 2. He hasn t come to school because he was ill. ( 就划线部分提问 ) _ _ he come to school? 3. I bough a new bike just now. ( 用 just 改写) I _ j
17、ust _ a new bike. 4. We began to learn English three years ago.(改为同义句 ) We _ _English _three years 5. He has never surfed, _ _? （改成反意疑问句）6. They have been here since 2000. (对划线部分提问 ) _ _have they been here? 7. The old man _ last year. He has _ _for a year. (die) （动词填空）8. Miss Gao left an hour ago. (
18、同义句转换 ) Miss Gao has _ _ _ an hour ago. . Ask the questions 1) I have been there for two days _ _ _ you _ _? 2) My father has lived here since 2000. _ _ _your father _ _? 3) He left here yesterday. _ _ he _ _? 4) They bought a book two hours ago. _ _ they _ a book? . Use “ never, ever, already, just
19、, yet, for, since” to fill in the blanks. 1. I have _ seen him before, so I have no idea about him. 2. Jack has _ finished his homework. 3. Mr. Wang has taught in this school _ ten years. 4. “Have you _ seen the film?” “No, I have _ seen it.”5. “Has the bus left _?” “Yes, it has _ left.”精品资料 - - - 欢
20、迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 5 页 - - - - - - - - - - 学习必备欢迎下载现在完成时练习题一、用 since和 for 填空1._two years 2._two years ago 3._last month 4._ 1999 5._yesterday 6._ 4 oclock7 _ 4 hours 8._an hour ago 9. _we were children 10._ lunch time 11._ she left here 12. He has lived in
21、 Nanjing _ the year before last. 13. Ive known him _ we were children.14. Our teacher has studied Japanese _ three years. 15. She has been away from the city _ about ten years. 16. Its about ten years _ she left the city. 二、用 have(has) been 或 have(has) gone 填空。A: Where _ Li Fei _? B: He _ to Hainan
22、Island. A: How long _ he _ there? B: He _ there for three days. A: When will he come back , do you know? B: I m afraid he wont come back recently.A: Could you tell me the way to Hainan Island? B: Sorry, I _ never _ there. A: How many times _ Li Fei _ to that place? B: He _ there only once. 三、用适当的时态填
23、空：1.Shes _ (live) here ever since she was ten.2.Both of them _ (be) in Hongkong for ten days. 3.Both of them _ (come) to Hongkong ten days ago. 4. Half an hour _ (pass) since the train _ (leave). 5. Mary_(lose) her pen. _ you _(see) it here and there? 6. _ you _ (find) your watch yet? 7. -Are you th
24、irsty? -No I _just _ (have) some orange. 8. We - already _ (return) the book. 9. _ they _ (build) a new school in the village? 10. I _(not finish) my homework . Can you help me? 11. My father _ (read) the novel twice. 12. I _ (buy) a book just now. 13. I _ (lost ) my watch yesterday. 14. My father _ (read) this book since yesterday. 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 5 页 - - - - - - - - - - 学习必备欢迎下载精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 5 页 - - - - - - - - - -