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1、学习必备欢迎下载牛津上海版英语八上各单元知识梳理Unit 1 Penfriends Words: 1. penfriend 笔友pen pal 2. magazine 杂志a literary magazine 文学杂志women s magazine 妇女杂志 n. magazinist 期刊编辑3. hobby 业余爱好4. chess 国际象棋chessman 棋子 (pl. chessmen) chessboard 棋盘5. own 拥有own up 承认错误owner 所有者物主业主6. good/well better-best 7. architect 建筑师architectu
2、re 建筑学8. nearby adv. 在附近不远 adj. 附近的邻近的9. keen adj. 热心的渴望的敏锐的灵敏的Keenly adv.敏锐地keenness n. 敏锐10. ambition 雄心抱负be full of ambition 野心勃勃ambitious adj. 有雄心的11. enclose 附上 Phrases 1. at the end 在的末端2. be keen on 热心于做热衷于3. play chess 下象棋4. twelve years old 5. a boy called Tom 一个名叫Tom 的男孩a boy named Tom a b
3、oy with the name Tom 6. best wishes 最好的祝愿7. by +交通工具= take +a/an +交通工具8. tell sb. about sth. 告诉某人关于某事tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人做某事tell sb. not to do sth. 告诉某人别做某事9. enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事like doing sth. mind /practice/finish/ 10. speak /tell /say/talk say 说 述说speak 说话发言电话来时用speaking talk 说 谈话 of/about
4、 tell 告诉 讲述 Sentence 1. make it +adj. for sb. to do sth. it 形式宾语2. sth. +be+ to do 动词不定式做表语3. I hope you will write to me soon . 我希望你尽快给我回信hope 有可能实现的愿望wish 不大可能实现的愿望hope to do 希望做某事wish sb. to do 希望某人做. Grammar question words ( 疑问词 ) what 、who(whom) / whose/which/when/where/how/why how many/much/lo
5、ng/far/soon/fast/often/ how many times 冠词1.不定冠词 a/an的用法“不见“原因”(发元音) 别施“恩” (an)特殊案例:前需要加 a 的 :university a usual book Europe 欧洲European 欧洲人one-day trip 需要加 an 的:unhappy + n. uncle unusual + n. 2. 定冠词the 的用法特指双方熟悉,上文已经提起。世上独一无二,方位名词乐器。某些专有名词,还有复数姓氏。序数词最高级,习惯用语牢记。特殊案例: a bright moon 4. 零冠词的用法“以下情况冠词免,学
6、科球类三顿饭,名词复数表泛指,季节星期月份前”特殊案例: a good breakfast Unit 2 Words 1. whizz-kid 神童优等生n. 顶部顶端盖 顶盖2. several adj.pron. 几个少许3. successful adj. 成功的adj. unsuccessful 不成功的succeed v.成功success n. 成功be successful in 在 .上成功4 Business n. 买卖生意商业businessman 商人 生意人(男 pl. businessmen) businesswoman (女)商人 (pl. businesswome
7、n ) 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 5 页 - - - - - - - - - - 学习必备欢迎下载5luckily 幸运地adv. 反义词: unluckily luck n.幸运运气lucky adj. 幸运的6 popular adj.受欢迎的流行的unpopular adj.不受欢迎的be popular with 受到的欢迎 /喜爱7. sell 卖 出售sell out 售完全部出售seller n. 卖者卖方8over adv. 超过 多于more than
8、9.manager n. 经理管理人manage v. 管理经营pany 公司(事业 business或贸易 trade 活动而集结的团体)business n.盈利为目的的商业活动商店或场所firm 合伙公司11responsible adj. 有责任的负责人的irresponsible 不负责任的be responsible for 对负责12sale 销售出售、大减价for sale 待售 出售13discuss v.讨论discussion n. 讨论discuss with sb. 和某人谈话和某人讨论14simple 简单的简易的(单一不复杂)easy 不难15 achieve v
9、. 完成到达achievement n. 成绩 功绩16fail v. 失败failure n. 失败不及格17collect v.领走接走 收藏收集collection n. 收藏品collect 有目的的或有挑选的收集gather 有少到多的收集18return v. 返回 回到return sth. to sb. / give sth. back to sb. 把某物还给某人19attend 出席join 加入(组织)join in 参加某些活动take part in 参加(群众性具体活动会议等)enter for 报名参加(比赛项目)20 assist v. 帮助n. assista
10、nt 助手assist sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事assist sb. in doing sth. 帮助某人做某事help sb. (to)do sth. 帮助某人做某事help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事21. continue 继续连续延续Phrases 词组1 get up 起床get on 上车get off 下车 get back 返回2 Put on ( 强调动作 ) take off 脱下wear (强调状态 ) in+ 衣服名词 / 颜色with 眼镜手套之类的(不可与衣服搭配)3.over breakfast 吃早餐时4.work on 从事
11、.的研究out of work 失业at work 在工作a piece of work 一份工作work out 解决 找到答案a job 一分工作5.make phone calls 打电话telephone sb. call sb. make a phone call to sb. call sb. up 6 On the way 在路上on ones way (to )在 .的路上In the/ones way to 挡在路上7twice a week 一周两次once a week three times a week 8. ask sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事ask
12、 sb. not to do 要求某人不要做某事tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人做某事tell sb. not do sth. 告诉某人不要做某事9have dinner with sb. 与某人共进晚餐10. continue doing sth. 继续做某事 (该件事情已经做了一部分继续做相同的事情)continue to do sth. 继续做某事(从一件事情到另外一件事情)Tom will continue to do his homework after dinner . Tom will continue doing his homework for another
13、 two hours . Sentences 句子1. must be 一定(对现在情况的肯定猜测) cant be 不可能是(对现在情况的否定猜测)2. one of the + 形容词最高级+可数名词复数“最 .之一” (谓语动词三人称单数)3. before 在之前the day before yesterday 前天the day after tomorrow 后天(1) before 在 .前面在之前after 在 .之后(2) before 从过去某时间的“以前”那时以前ago 以现在为基准 (现在以前)4.because 因为 (后接句子)because of 因为 Gramma
14、r (一 ) 一般现在时(二 ) 频度副词 always =all the time usually /often= many times sometimes -less than often more than seldom seldom not many times neverat no time Unit3 Words 1. trouble n. 麻烦 困难困境v. 麻烦 烦扰请求使烦恼ask sb. to do sth. ( What s the trouble with sb. ? / What s wrong with sb. ? / What s the matter with
15、sb.? ) 2. happen v. 出现发生happen to sb./sth. 成为某人 /某事的体验或命运;降临到某人/某事的头上happen to be /do 恰巧碰巧happen / take place (不可用于被动语态) happen 强调偶然性take place 强调必然性或计划性精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 5 页 - - - - - - - - - - 学习必备欢迎下载3. argue v.争吵n. argument 4. hold v. 拿 握容
16、纳 举行开会5. crowd 人群a big crowd of people 一大群人adj. crowded 拥挤的6. stare v. 凝视盯视 注视stare at 盯着 盯住7. through 穿过 通过从开始到结束自始自终因为接通电话They drove through the tunnel . Can you put me through to Tom ,please ? They walked through the whole night ! The boy got the job through his father . through / across / over /
17、 by through: 一边进入一边穿出across 从一边倒另一边over 从一边倒另一边必须横跨跨越by 从边上经过8. steal v. 偷 盗steal sth. from sb. n. theft 偷 盗窃罪rob 抢rob sb. of sth. 9. notice 注意察觉 警告 通知notice sb. do sth . 注意某人干好某事I notice him walk into the room . I notice that he came into the room . notice sb. doing sth. 注意某人正在干某事I notice him eatin
18、g impolitely. I notice that him was eating impolitely. 9. follow v. 跟随 领会理解n. follower 追随者adj. 随后的10. hurry adv. 匆忙地n. 匆忙in a hurry / hurried 匆忙11. aboard 在(飞机火车轮船等上 ) on aboard 到船上在船上12. afraid adj. 害怕的be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事不敢做某事a frightened person 一个担惊受怕的人be afraid of doing sth. 害怕做某事(会引起某种后果)
19、be afraid of sth. 害怕某事 /某物 be afraid +that 从句13. detail 细节枝节详情( pl.) in detail 详细地14. as :当 .时候when / while She hasnt decided whether to go or not她还没有决定去还是不去。He doesnt know whether to go to the cinema or to watch TV at home他不知道是去看电影还是在家看电视。2在介词后面。 例如:Im thinking of whether we should go fishing我在想我们是
20、否该去钓鱼。Im not interested in whether shell come or not她来不来,我不感兴趣。3直接与 or not 连用时。例如:I cant say whether or no the will come on time他能否准时来,我说不准。I dont know whether or not they will come to help us我不知道他们是否会来帮助我们。4 在动词 discuss后面的宾语从句中。 例如:We discussed whether we had a sports meeting next week 我们讨论下周我们是否举行
21、运动会。5 宾语从句提前时只能用whether。例如:Whether this is true or not ,I cant say这是不是真的,我说不准。6引导位于句首的主语从句或表语从句用whether。例如:Whether he is right or wrong is a question 他是对还是错仍是个问题。The question was whether he went there last night 问题是他昨晚去没去那里。1引导条件状语从句,if 意为如果时,不可用whether 代替。例如:We will go swimming if it is fine tomorr
22、ow如果明天天气好, 我们将去游泳。Well go hiking ifit doesnt rain tomorrow 如果明天不下雨,我们将去徒步旅行。2引导否定概念的宾语从句时一般用if 。例如:He asked me if I hadnt finished my homework他问我是否没有完成作业。3状语从句中的even if(即使) 和 as if(好像) 中的 if 不能用 whether 来替代。例如:Ill not let you watch TV even if youre free即使你有空,我也不让你看电视。He talks as if he knew all about
23、 it 他说话的口气好像他全部都已知道了。 Grammar 语法1. 祈使句(Imperatives) 2. 数词( Numerals)Unit5 words 词组1. exist v. 存在 生存n. existence 存在exist as 作为 .而生存以形态而生存exist in 存在于.中exist on 靠 .生活靠生存make a living 谋生make a living by 通过(方式)谋生make a living as 以(方式)谋生2. gentle 温和的文雅的n. gentleness 温顺亲切柔和adv. gently 轻轻地逐渐地3. harmful adj
24、. 有害的(反义词harmless 无害的)类似用法:useful useless helpful helpless careful careless 4.fierce 凶猛的adv. fiercely 凶猛地5. skeleton 骨骼骷髅be reduced to a skeleton 瘦得皮包骨精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 5 页 - - - - - - - - - - 学习必备欢迎下载be worn to a skeleton 瘦得像骷髅family skeleton
25、 家丑见不得人的事a walking skeleton 枯瘦如材的人6.possible adj. 可能的as as possible 尽可能do one s possible 尽力竭力if possible 如果可能的话8. amusement n. 娱乐amuse v. 使发笑使愉快amused adj. 愉快的开心的好玩的amusing adj. 有趣的开心的9. create v. 创造n. creation 创造创作creator 创造者设计者creative adj.有创造力的10.mouse n. 老鼠鼠标pl. mice a field / wood mouse 野鼠a hou
26、se mouse 家鼠11.deliver 递送n. delivery 递送交付deliverer 递送人12. real /true real :事物是真实的或货真价实的或指与宣传与事实吻合的东西True 暗指与现实或事实的正是状态一致 Phrases 词组1. look up 查找(字典书籍等)2. on the earth 在地球上on earth 在人世间在世界上in the earth 在泥土里3. diedieddied -dead death die out 灭绝4. know about 了解know of 听说关于的事情5. through away 扔掉6. million
27、s of 数以百计7. be famous for 因为 / 以 .闻名 /著名be well-known for be famous as 作为而著名 sentences 句子1. be +比较级 +than 2. Nobody know her, do they? 3. as +adj./adv. 原级 + as 与 .一样 (用于肯定否定即可) not so +adj./adv. 原级 + as (用于否定)4. see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事see sb. do sth. 看见某人做了某事5. 被动语态在各大时态中的结构及运用(1) 一般现在时: am/is/
28、are +过去分词。(2) 一般过去时: was/were+过去分词。(3) 现在进行时: am/is/are being +过去分词(4) 过去进行时: was/were/being + 过去分词。(5) 一般将来时: will be +过去分词。(6) 过去将来时: would be + 过去分词。 (7) 现在完成时: have/has been +过去分词。(8) 过去完在时: had been +过去分词。 Grammar 语法1. 指示代词this that these those ( 四者若作主语时可指人或物如果是做其他成分时不能指人)、2. 名词可数名词Unit 6 Words
29、 词汇1. lost adj.迷路的迷失方向的the Lost and Found 失物招领处(用于招牌时省略the) lost time 浪费时间lost sheep 迷途羔羊罪人feel lost 不知所措a lost city 湮没无闻的城市lost labour 徒劳2. land 登陆靠岸着陆landing n. 着陆3. unexplored 未勘查过的( explored 勘查过的)4. cliff 悬崖 绝崖cliffside 悬崖边cilffsman 擅长攀登悬崖的人cliffy 徒崖的5. smooth 平稳的(反 rough 粗糙的粗略的uneven 不平稳的不平坦的)
30、adv. Smoothly 平稳地6. approach 接近approach sb. on sth. 同 /向某人就某事洽谈、交流、商量 7. alien 外星人(外国人)侨民foreigner 出生于或来自其他国家8. spring v. 突然跃出突然弹出n. 春天9. trap 圈套陷进fall into a trap 落入圈套set a trap for 为 .设下圈套a mouse trap 老鼠夹10. true adj. 正确的真实的真正的come true 实现adv. truly 真正地truth n. 事实11. favour 善意的行为恩惠in a favour of 赞
31、成支持12. trust v. 信任信赖believe 反义词:distrust 不信任不信赖 Phrases 词组1. run out of 用完run out of 从跑出来run out 不能用于被动语态2. be closed to 离 .近3. two storeys high 两层楼高4. get out of 从 .出去5. begin/start to do sth 开始做某事begin / start doing sth. 开始做某事谈及一项长期活动或开始一种习惯时,使用doing. 6. in peace 处于和平come in peace 怀着善意而来7. in piec
32、es 变成碎片8. do sb. a favour 帮某人一个忙give sb. a hand 9. turn our blood to ice 使我们毛骨悚然10. look like 看上去像 Phrases 词组1. two storeys high = two-storey-high 2. 反义疑问句3. it +adj./n. +that 从句4. 动词不定式 Grammar 1. 一般将来时1will +do 2 be going to do 2. prepositions 介词at on in Unit 7 words 1. immediately adv. 立即马上at onc
33、e right now right awaw 2. attract v.吸引adj. attractive 吸引人的引人入胜的attraction n. 吸引力3. interrupt v. 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 5 页 - - - - - - - - - - 学习必备欢迎下载打断中断 妨碍n. interruption 阻断物打扰4. weak 虚弱的无力的反义词 ; strong 5. aim v.瞄准 针对旨在 point sth. at sb. n. 目标6.
34、 damage n. v.损害7. feel v. 感觉摸 触feeling n. 感觉 触觉知觉feeler n. 触角触手8. panic v. 使恐慌使惊慌n. 惊恐 9. free 自由的n. freedom 自由10. finally 最后地adj. final 最后的11. maybe 或许大概may be 也许是 Phrases 词组1. lie down 躺下2. fall asleep 入睡go to bed 去睡觉(动作)3. use one s brain 动脑4. go back to 回到5. make sure 确信 确定1 make sure of/ about
35、sth. 2 make sure that 从句6. climb into 爬进 7. one by one 一次一个8. be done for 完蛋9. go out 熄灭出门参加社交活动停止工作罢工10. 与 go 相关的词组 ; go away 离开go ahead 开始进行go by 经过过去go over 检查复习11. be finished 被杀被毁灭 Sentences 1. too to .太 .而不能so .that . not .enough to do 2. if 引导条件句(主将从现) Grammar 1. 方位介词2. 不定代词3. 感叹句精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 5 页 - - - - - - - - - -