2022年复合不定代词用法和练习.pdf

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1、复合不定代词用法和练习复合不定代词的用法:不指明替代某个 ( 些) 人、某个 ( 些) 事物的代词叫不定代词。由some-,any- ,no-,every- 加上-one,-body,-thing连用,构成复合不定代词。复合不定代词包括 something, somebody, someone, anything, anybody, anyone, nothing, nobody, no one, everything, everybody, everyone 等十二个。这些复合代词具有名词性质,在句中可用作主语、宾语或表语,但不能用作定语。一、复合不定代词的指代对象1、含-body 和-on

2、e 的复合代词只用来指人,含-body 的复合不定代词与含 -one的复合不定代词在功能和意义上完全相同,可以互换。只是用-body 时显得较通俗些,多用于口语中,用 -one 时显得较文雅些,更常见于正式场合及书面语中。如:Someone/Somebody is crying in the next room.有人在隔壁房间哭。2、含-thing的复合不定代词只用来指事物。如:Are you going to buy anything你会去买东西吗二、复合不定代词的属格1、含-one 和-body 等指人的复合代词可有 -s 属格形式。如:Everybodys business is nob

3、odys business.大家的事情没人管。Is this anybodys seat 这儿有人坐吗2、含-one 和-body 等指人的复合代词后跟else 时,- s 属格应加在 else 之后。如:Can you remember someone else s name 你还记得其他人的姓名吗3、含-thing等指事物的复合不定代词没有- s 属格形式。三、复合不定代词的数1、复合不定代词都具有单数的含义,因此通常被看成是单数第三人称。当它们充当句子的主语时,其后的谓语动词用单数形式。如:Is everyone here today 今天,大家都到齐了吗Nothing is diffi

4、cult if you put your heart into it. 世上无难事,只怕有心人。四、复合不定代词的替代问题由于复合不定代词都具有单数的含义,所以在正规的英语中用来替代它们的代词也应该是单数形式。1、含-one 和-body 等指人的复合代词,其代词应该是he/she, him/her, 其- s属格形式的代词应该是his/her, his/hers。如:Everyone has his/her own words. 每个人都有他(她)自己的说辞。但是,这样一来就会因为性别的差异而使得在代词的运用上具有不确定性,所以为了避免这种别扭的情况, 我们一般都是用 they/them/t

5、heir/theirs,尤其是在口语中以及非正式场合下。如:No one gave you a ticket, did they 没人给你票,是吗2、含-thing等指事物的复合不定代词,不会因性别上的差异而使得在代词的运用上产生不确定性,因此我们就使用it 。如:Something goes wrong, doesnt it出问题了,是吗精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 5 页 - - - - - - - - - - 五、复合不定代词的定语复合不定代词的定语必须后置,即放在复合

6、不定代词的后面。如:Can you tell something interesting 你能讲些有趣的事情吗六、含 some-和 any- 的复合不定代词间的用法区别由 some-和 any- 所构成的复合不定代词(即something 和 anything ;someone和 anyone;somebody和 anybody)之间的区别跟some和 any 的区别一样。1、something ,someone ,somebody通常用于肯定句中,而anything ,anyone,anybody 一般用于否定句,疑问句或条件状语从句中。如:He found something strang

7、e but interesting.他发现了一些奇怪但却有趣的事情。Do you have anything to say 你有话要说吗I can t meet anybody on the island. 在岛上,我没遇见任何人。2、在表示请求、邀请、提建议等带有委婉语气的疑问句,和希望得到对方肯定答复的疑问句,以及表示反问的问句中,也用something ,someone ,somebody等复合不定代词。如 :Would you like something to eat要些吃的东西吗3、当 anything表示“任何事(物),无论何事(物)” ,anyone,anybody 表示“无论

8、谁,任何人”等意义时,它们也可以用于肯定句中。如:Anything is OK. 什么都行。Anybody knows the answer.任何人都知道答案。七、复合不定代词的否定1、 “not every-”表示的是部分否定,意为“并非都,不都”。例如:Not everything will go well. 并非一切都会那么顺利。The teacher didnt call everyones name. 老师并没有点所有人的名。2、 “not any- ”和 no-均表示全否定。例如:He listened, but heard nothing.他听了听,但什么也没听到。= He li

9、stened, but didn t hear anything.You havent called anyone/anybody up, have you 你没给谁打过电话,是吗= You have called no one/nobody up, have you八、复合不定代词作名词复合不定代词可以充当名词用,表示“的事情(东西或人)” 。1、 someone/somebody, anyone/anybody的意义是“重要人物,大人物”,everyone/everybody意为“最重要的人”,no one/nobody 则意指“无关紧要的人,小人物”。例如:2、something ,an

10、ything 的意义是“重要事情(东西) ” ,everything表示“最重要的事情(东西)” ,nothing 则指“毫无趣味的事情,无关紧要的东西”。九、合与分的区别问题1、 someone,anyone,everyone 都只能指人,且不和介词of 连用; some one,any one ,every one 则既可指人又可指物,可与介词of 连用。例如:Anyone should be polite to every one of them.任何人都要礼貌对待他们中的每一个人。-Which toy would you like -Any one is OK. -你要那个玩具 - 随

11、便。2、no one(=nobody) “没有人”,只用来指人,通常不和介词of 连用;none“没有一个” ,既可以用来指人也可用来指物。例如:No one can do it better. 没有人能做得更好。精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 5 页 - - - - - - - - - - None of these questions is easy, and none of us can even answer any one of them. 这些问题没有一个是容易的,

12、我们中没有一个人能答出其中的一题。回答 who引导的特殊疑问句时用no one;回答 how many引导的特殊疑问句时用none。例如:-Who was late -No one. -谁迟到了 - 谁也没有迟到。-How many pigs do you keep -None. -你养几头猪 - 一头也没养。在谚语中出现的复合不定代词1Everybodys business is nobodys business. 人人管等于没有人管。2Everybodys friend is nobodys friend. 每个人的朋友就不是任何人的朋友。3Everything is good for s

13、omething. 是东西都有用处。4Everything has two sides. 事物都有两面性。5He who has no conscience has nothing. 没有良心的人一无所有。6Nothing succeeds like success. 一事成功,事事成功。7Nothing venture, nothing have. 不入虎穴,焉得虎子。8Money isn t everything. 钱不是万能的。9To know everything is to know nothing. 样样皆通,样样稀10Everything is good when new, bu

14、t friends when old. 东西是新的好,朋友是老的好。复合不定代词练习题:一、选择题:( ) 1. Im hungry. I want _ to eat. A. anything B. something C. everything D. nothing( ) 2. Do you have _ to say for yourselfNo, I have _ to say. A. something; everything B. nothing; something C. everything; anything D. anything; nothing( ) 3. Why not

15、 ask _ to help you A. everyone B. someone C. anyone D. none( ) 4. Everything _ ready. We can start now. A. are B. is C. be D. were( ) 5. Theres _ with his eyes. Hes OK. A. anything wrong B. wrong something C. nothing wrong D. wrong nothing( ) 6. The story is so amazing! Its the most interesting stor

16、y I ve ever read.精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 5 页 - - - - - - - - - - But I m afraid it wont be liked by _. A. everybody B. somebody C. anybody D. nobody( ) 7. She listened carefully, but heard _. A. anyone B. someone C. everyone D. nothing( ) 8. I agree

17、 with most of what you said, but I dont agree with _. A. everything B. anything C. something D. nothing( ) 9. Everyone is here today, _No, Han Mei isnt here. Shes ill.A. isn t itB. isn t he C. are they D. isn t everyone( ) 10. Everything goes well, _ A. is it B. isn t it C. do they D. doesn t it()11

18、. _ of us is active in English class. A. Every B. Every one C. Everyone D. Anybody()12. The exam was difficult, wasnt it No,but I dont think_ could pass it. A. somebody B. anybody C. nobody D. everybody二、用 something, anything, anyone, nothing, everything, no one, every one填空。1. Look! Can you see_ be

19、hind the treeYes, I think its a cat.2. Do you know _ in the storeSorry, I dont know them. is in the room. Its empty( 空的) 。4. This was my first time in Wuhan, so_ was really interesting.5. Could you give me_ to drinkSure!Here you are.6. Kangkang, is_ here todayNo, Jim isnt here. He is in hospital.7.

20、Jim! Can you see the words on the blackboardSorry! I can see _.三、写出与 some, any, every构成的复合词。精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 5 页 - - - - - - - - - - 答案:一、BDBBC/ADABD/BD二、 one 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 5 页 - - - - - - - - - -

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