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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上论语中英文对照一 辜鸿铭译 CHAPTER 1【第一章】子曰、 學而時習之、不亦說乎。有朋自遠方來、不亦樂乎。人不知而不慍、不亦君子乎。 1. Confucius remarked, “ it is indeed a pleasure to acquire knowledge and, as you go on acquiring, to put into practice what you have acquired. A greater pleasure still it is when friends of congenial minds come from a
2、far to seek you because of your attainments. But he is truly a wise and good man who feels no discomposure even when he is not noticed of men.”【第二章】有子曰、其為人也孝弟、而好犯上者鮮矣、不好犯上、而好作亂者、未之有也。君子務本、本立、而道生、孝弟也者、其為仁之本與。2. A disciple of Confucius remarked,” A man who is a good son and a good citizen will seldom
3、be found to be a man disposed to quarrel with those in authority over him; and men who are disposed to quarrel with those in authority will never be found to disturb the peace and order of the State.“ A wise man devotes his attention to what is essential in the foundation of life. When the foundatio
4、n is laid, wisdom will come. Now, to be a good son and a good citizen- do not these form the foundation of a moral life?”【第三章】子曰、巧言令色、鮮矣仁。3.Confucius remarked, with plausible speech and fine manners will seldom be found moral character.”【第四章】曾子曰、吾日三省吾身、為人謀、而不忠乎、與朋友交、而不信乎、傳不習乎。4.A disciple of Confuci
5、us remarked, “ I daily examine into my personal conduct on three points:-First, whether in carrying out the duties entrusted to me by others, I have not failed in sincerity and trustworthiness; thirdly, whether I have not failed to practice what I profess in my teaching.”【第五章】子曰、道千乘之國、敬事而信、節用而愛人、使民以
6、時。 5.Confucius remarked, “ when directing the affairs of a great nation, a man must be serious in attention to business and faithful and punctual in his engagements. He must study economy in the public expenditure, and love the welfare of the people. He must employ the people at the proper time of t
7、he year.”【第六章】子曰、弟子、入則孝、出則弟、謹而信、凡愛眾、而親仁、行有餘力、則以學文。 6.Confucius remarked, “ A young man, when at home, should be a good son; when out in the world, a good citizen. He should be circumspect and truthful. He should be in sympathy with all men, but intimate with men of moral character. If he has time an
8、d opportunity to spare, after the performance of those duties, he should then employ them in literary pursuits.”【第七章】子夏曰、賢賢易色、事父母、能竭其力、事君、能致其身、與朋友交、言而有信、雖曰未學、吾必謂之學矣。7.A disciple of Confucius remarked, “ A man who can love worthiness in man as he loves beauty in woman; who in his duties to his parent
9、s is ready to do his utmost, and in the service of his prince is ready to give up his life; who in intercourse with friends is found trustworthy in what he says, - such a man, although men may say of him that he is an uneducated man, I must consider him to be really an educated man.” 【第八章】子曰、君子不重、則不
10、威、學則不固。主忠信。無友不如己者。過則勿憚改。 8.Confucius remarked,” A wise man who is not serious will not inspire respect; what he learns will not remain permanent.”“Make conscientiousness and sincerity your first principles.”“Have no friends who are not as yourself.“When you have bad habits do not hesitate to change
11、them.”【第九章】曾子曰、慎終追遠、民德歸厚矣。 9.A disciple of Confucius remarked, “By cultivating respect for the dead, and carrying the memory back to the distant past, the moral feeling of the people will waken and grow in depth.” 【第十章】子禽問於子貢曰、夫子至於是邦也、必聞其政、求之與、抑與之與。子貢曰、夫子溫良恭儉讓、以得之、夫子之求之也、其諸異乎人之求之與。 10.A man once ask
12、ed a disciple of Confucius, saying, “How was it that whenever the Master came into a country he was always informed of the actual state and policy of its government? Did he seek for the information or was it given to him?“ The Master, “ replied the disciple, “ was gracious, simple, earnest, modest a
13、nd courteous; therefore he could obtain what information he wanted. The Masters way of obtaining information -well, it was different from other peoples ways.” 【十一章】子曰、父在、觀其志、父沒、觀其行、三年無改於父之道、可謂孝矣。11. Confucius remarked,” When a mans father is living the son should have regard to what his father would
14、 have him do; when the father is dead, to what his father has done. A son who for three years after his fathers death does not in his own life change his fathers principles, may be said to be a good son.” 【十二章】有子曰、禮之用、和為貴、先王之道、斯為美；小大由之。有所不行、知和而和、不以禮節之、亦不可行也。12.A disciple of Confucius remarked,” In t
15、he practice of art, what is valuable is natural spontaneity. According to the rules of art held by the ancient kings it was this quality in a work of art which constituted its excellence; in great as well as in small things they were guided by this principle.【十三章】有子曰、信近於義、言可復也、恭近於禮、遠恥辱也、因不失其親、亦可宗也。
16、“ But in being natural there is something not permitted. To know that it is necessary to be natural without restraining the impulse to be natural by the strict principle of art, -that is something not permitted.”13.A disciple of Confucius remarked, “ if you make promises within the bounds of what is
17、 right, you will be able to keep your word. If you confine earnestness within the bounds of judgment and good taste, you will keep out of discomfiture and insult. If you make friends of those with whom you ought to, you will be able to depend upon them.”【十四章】子曰、君子食無求飽、居無求安、敏於事、而慎於言、就有道、而正焉、可謂好學也已。14
18、.Confucius remarked,“A wise and good man, in matters of food, should never seek to indulge his appetite; in lodging, he should not be too solicitous of comfort. He should be diligent in business and careful in speech. He should seek for the company of men of virtue and learning, in order to profit b
19、y their lessons and example. In this way he may become a man of real culture.”【十五章】子貢曰貧、而無諂、富而無驕、何如。子曰、可也、未若貧而樂、富而好禮者也。子貢曰、詩云、如切如磋、如琢如磨、其斯之謂與。子曰、賜也、始可與言詩已矣、告諸往而知來者。15.A disciple of Confucius said to him,” to be poor and yet not to be servile; to be rich and yet not to be proud, what do you say to th
20、at?”“It is good.” Replied counfucius, “but better still it is to be poor and yet contented; to be rich and yet know how to be courteous.”“ I understand,” answered the disciple;” we must cut, we must file, must chisel and must grind.“ That is what you mean, is it not?”My friend,” replied Confucius, “
21、now I can begin to speak of poetry to you. I see you understand how to apply the moral.”【十六章】子曰、不患人之不己知、患不知人也。 16.Confucius remarked,” one should not be concerned not to be understood of men; one should be concerned not to understand men.” CHAPTER 2子曰：“为政以德，譬如北辰，居其所而众星共之。”1.Confucius remarked, “ He
22、who rule s the people, depending upon the moral sentiment, is like the Pole-star, which keeps its place while all the other stars revolve round it.” 子曰：“诗三百，一言以蔽之，曰：“思无邪。”2.Confucius remarked, “ The Book of Ballads, Songs and Psalms contains three hundred pieces. The moral of them all may be summed
23、up in one sentence: Have no evil thoughts.”子曰：“道之以政，齐之以刑，民免而无耻，道之以德，齐之以礼，有耻且格。”3.Confucius remarked, “ If in government you depend upon laws, and maintain order by enforcing those laws by punishment, you can also make the people keep away from wrongdoing, but they will lose the sense of shame for wr
24、ong doing. If, on the other hand, in government you depend upon the moral sentiment, and maintain order by encouraging education and good manners, the people will have a sense of shame for wrongdoing and moreover, will emulate what is good.”子曰：“吾十有五而志于学，三十而立，四十而不惑，五十而知天命，六十而耳顺，七十而从心所欲不逾矩。”4.Confuciu
25、s remarked, “ At fifteen I had made up my mind to give myself up to serious studies. At thirty I had formed my opinions and judgment. At forty I had no more doubts. At fifty I understood the truth in religion. At sixty I could understand whatever I heard without exertion. At seventy I could follow w
26、hatever my heart desired without transgressing the law.”孟懿子问孝，子曰：“无违。”樊迟御，子告之曰：“孟孙问孝于我，我对曰无违。”樊迟曰：“何谓也。”子曰：“生，事之以礼；死，葬之以礼，祭之以礼。”5.A noble of the Court in Confucius native State asked him what constituted the duty of a good son. Confucius answered, “ Do not fail in what is required of you.” Afterward
27、s, as a disciple was driving him in his carriage, Confucius told the disciple, saying, My Lord M -asked me what constituted the duty of a good son, and I answered, Do not fail in what is required of you”“What did you mean by that?” asked the disciple.“ I meant,” replied Confucius, “when his parents
28、are living, a good son should do his duties to them according to the usage prescribed by propriety; when the are dead, he should bury them and honour their memory according to the rites prescribed by propriety.”孟武伯问孝，子曰：“父母唯其疾之忧。6.A son of the noble mentioned above put the same question to Confucius
29、 as his father did. Confucius answered, “think how anxious your parents are when you are sick, and you will know your duty towards them.”子游问孝，子曰：“今之孝者，是谓能养。至于犬马，皆能有养，不敬，何以别乎？”7.A disciple of Confucius asked him the same question as the above. Confucius answered,” the duty of a good son nowadays mean
30、s only to be able to support his parents. But you also keep your dogs and horses alive. If there is no feeling of love and respect, where is the difference?子夏问孝，子曰：“色难。有事，弟子服其劳；有酒食，先生馔，曾是以为孝乎？”8.Another disciple asked the same question. Confucius answered, “The difficulty is with the expression of y
31、our look. That merely when anything is to be done the young do it, and when there is food and wine the old folk are allowed to enjoy it, -do you think that is the whole duty of a good son?”子曰：“吾与回言，终日不违，如愚。退而省其私，亦足以发，回也不愚。”9.Confucius, speaking of a favourite disciple, whose name was Yen Hui, remark
32、ed,” I have talked with him for one whole day, during which he has never once raised one single objection to what I have said, as if he were dull of understanding. But when he has retired, on examining into his life and conversation I find he has been able to profit by what I have said to him. Nohe
33、is not a man dull of understanding.”子曰：“视其所以，观其所由，察其所安，人焉廋哉？人焉廋哉？”10.Confucius remarked, “ You look at how a man acts; consider his motives; find out his tastes. How can a man hide himself; how can he hide himself from you?”子曰：“温故而知新，可以为师矣。”11.Confucius remarked, “ If a man will constantly go over w
34、hat he has acquired and keep continually adding to it new acquirements, he may become a teacher of men.”子曰：“君子不器。”12.Confucius remarked,” A wise man will not make himself into a mere machine fit only to do one kind of work.”子贡问君子。子曰：“先行其言而后从之。”13.A disciple enquired what constituted a wise and good
35、man. Confucius answered, “ A wise and good man is one who acts before he speaks, and afterwards speaks according to his actions.”子曰：“君子周而不比，小人比而不周。”14.Confucius remarked,” A wise man is impartial, not neutral. A fool is neutral but not impartial.”子曰：“学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆。”15.Confucius remarked,” Study with
36、out thinking is labor lost. Thinking without study is perilous.”子曰：“攻乎异端，斯害也已。16.Confucius remarked, “ To give oneself up to the study of metaphysical theories that is very injurious indeed.”子曰：“由，诲女，知之乎？知之为知之，不知为不知，是知也。”17.Confucius said to a disciple, “ shall I teach you what is understanding? To
37、know what it is that you know, and to know what it is that you do not know, - that is understanding.”子张学干禄，子曰：“多闻阙疑，慎言其余，则寡尤；多见阙殆，慎行其余，则寡悔。言寡尤，行寡悔，禄在其中矣。”18.A disciple was studying with a view to preferment. Confucius said to him, “ read and learn everything, but suspend your judgment on anything of
38、 which you are in doubt; for the rest, be careful in what you say: in that way you will give few occasions for men to criticize what you say. Mix with the world and see everything, but keep away and do not meddle with anything which may bring you into trouble; for the rest, be careful in what you do
39、: in that way you will have few occasions for self-reproach.“Now if in your conversation you give few occasions for men to criticize you, and in your conduct you have few occasions for self-reproach, you cannot help getting preferment, even if you would.”哀公问曰：“何为则民服？”孔子对曰：“举直错诸枉，则民服；举枉错诸直，则民不服。”19.T
40、he reigning prince of his native state asked Confucius what should be done to secure the submission of the people. Confucius answered,” Uphold the cause of the just and put down every cause that is unjust, and the people will submit. But uphold the cause of the unjust and put down every cause that i
41、s just, then the people will not submit.”季康子问：“使民敬、忠以劝，如之何？”子曰：“临之以庄，则敬；孝慈，则忠；举善而教不能，则劝。”20.A noble who was the minister in power in the government in Confucius native state asked him what should be done to inspire a feeling of respect and loyalty in the people, in order to make them exert themselve
42、s for the good of the country. Confucius answered,” Treat them with seriousness and they will respect you. Let them see that you honour your parents and your prince, and are considerate for the welfare of those under you, and the people will be loyal to you. Advance those who excel in anything and e
43、ducate the ignorant, and the people will exert themselves.”或谓孔子曰：“子奚不为政？”子曰：“书云：孝乎惟孝，友于兄弟。施于有政，是亦为政，奚其为为政？”21.Somebody asked Confucius, saying, “Why are you not taking part in the government of the country?” Confucius answered, “ What does the BOOK OF RECORDS say of the duties of a good son?” “Be du
44、tiful to your parents; be brotherly to your brothers; discharge your duties in the government of your family. These, then are also duties of government. Why then must one take part in the government of the country in order to discharge the duties of government?”子曰：“人而无信，不知其可也。大车无輗，小车无軏，其何以行之哉？”22.Co
45、nfucius remarked, “ I do not know how men get along without good faith. A cart without a yoke and a carriage without harness, -how could they go?”子张问：“十世可知也？”子曰：殷因于夏礼，所损益可知也；周因于殷礼，所损益可知也。其或继周者，虽百世，可知也。”23.A disciple asked Confucius whether ten generations after their time the state of the civilizati
46、on of the world could be known.Confucius answered, “ The House of Yin adopted the civilization of the Hsia dynasty; what modifications they made is known. The present Chou dynasty adopted the civilization of the House of Yin; what modifications this last dynasty made are also known. Perhaps some oth
47、er may hereafter take the place of the present Chou dynasty; but should that happen a hundred generations after this, the state of the civilization of the world then, can be know.”子曰：“非其鬼而祭之；谄也。见义不为，无勇也。” 24.Confucius remarked, “To worship a spirit to whom one is not bound by a real feeling of duty or respect is idolatry; to see what is right and to act against ones judgment shows a want of courage.” 专心-专注-专业