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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上2019全国卷1完形填空及答案详解 Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa. They _41_ with them lots of waste. The _42_ might damage the beauty of the place. The glaciers(冰川) are disappearing, changing the _43_ of Kilimanjaro.Hearing these stories, Im
2、_44_ about the place other destinations are described as “purer” natural experiences.However, I soon _45_ that much has changed since the days of disturbing reports of _46_ among tons of rubbish. I find a _47_ mountain, with toilets at camps and along the paths. The environmental challenges are _48_
3、 but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be _49_.The best of a Kilimanjaro _50_, in my opinion, isnt reaching the top. Mountains are _51_ as spiritual places by many cultures. This _52_ is especially evident on Kilimanjaro as _53_ go through five ecosystems(生态系统) in the
4、space of a few kilometers. At the base is a rainforest. It ends abruptly at 3, 000 meters, _54_ lands of low growing plants. Further up, the weather _55_ low clouds envelope the mountainsides, which are covered with thick grass. I _56_ twelve shades of green from where I stand. Above 4, 000 meters i
5、s the highland _57_: gravel(砾石), stones and rocks. _58_ you climb into an arctic-like zone with _59_ snow and the glaciers that may soon disappear.Does Kilimanjaro _60_ its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere of peace? I found the opposite to be true.41. A.
6、 keepB. mixC. connectD. bring42. A. storiesB. buildingsC. crowdsD. reporters43. A. positionB. ageC. faceD. name44. A. silentB. skepticalC. seriousD. crazy45. A. discoverB. argueC. decideD. advocate46. A. equipmentB. grassC. campsD. stones47. A. remoteB. quietC. tallD. clean48. A. newB. specialC. sig
7、nificantD. necessary49. A. paying offB. spreading outC. blowing upD. fading away50. A. atmosphereB. experienceC. experimentD. sight51. A. studiedB. observedC. exploredD. regarded52. A. viewB. qualityC. reasonD. purpose53. A. scientistsB. climbersC. localsD. officials54. A. holding on toB. going back
8、 toC. living up toD. giving way to55. A. changesB. clearsC. improvesD. permits56. A. matchB. imagineC. countD. add57. A. villageB. desertC. roadD. lake58. A. ObviouslyB. EasilyC. ConsequentlyD. Finally59. A. permanentB. littleC. freshD. artificial60. A. enjoyB. deserveC. saveD. acquire【答案】41. D 42.
9、C 43. C 44. B 45. A 46. C 47. D 48. C 49. A 50. B 51. D 52. A 53. B 54. D 55. A 56. C 57. B 58. D 59. A 60. B【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。每年有4万登山者攀登非洲第一高峰乞力马扎罗山，他们带来了垃圾，破坏了这里的环境。再加上冰川的消失，改变着它的地貌。对此作者对这个地方很是怀疑，想一探究竟。当他来到这里，他发现当地环保措施很到位，同时作者发现乞力马扎罗山有多种生态系统。作者认为乞力马扎罗山不应该被誉为一座挤满了破坏宁静氛围的游客的拥挤的山峰。【41题详解】考查动词辨析。A. keep保持
10、；B. mix混合；C. connect联系；D. bring带来。句意：他们带来了很多的垃圾。由“lots of waste”可知，登山者带来了很多的垃圾。故D选项切题。【42题详解】考查名词辨析。A. stories故事；B. buildings建筑物；C. crowds人群；D. reporters记者。句意：人群可能会破坏这个地方的美。由“40,000”可知，这是一个庞大的群体。故C选项切题。【43题详解】考查名词辨析。A. position位置；B. age年龄；C. face外貌，表面；D. name名字。句意：冰川正在消失，改变着乞力马扎罗山的地貌。冰川是乞力马扎罗山的地貌之一，
11、所以冰山融化会改变它的地貌。故C选项切题。【44题详解】考查形容词辨析。A. silent沉默的；B. skepetical怀疑的；C. serious严肃的；D. crazy疯狂的。句意：听到这些故事，我对这个地方产生了怀疑其他旅游地被描述为“更纯粹”的自然体验。由下文可知，作者亲自来到了乞力马扎罗山，作者想解开这个怀疑。故B选项切题。【45题详解】考查动词辨析。A. discover发现；B. argue争论；C. decide决定；D. advocate提倡。句意：然而，我很快发现，自从那些令人不安的关于营地周围有成吨的垃圾的报道出现以来，情况发生了很大的变化。由“much has ch
12、anged”可知，作者发现了很大的变化。故A选项切题。【46题详解】考查名词辨析。A. equipment装备；B. grass草；C. camps营地；D. stone石头。句意：我很快发现，自从那些令人不安的关于营地周围有成吨的垃圾的报道出现以来，情况发生了很大的变化。由下文“at camps”可知，本句属于原词再现。故C选项切题。【47题详解】考查形容词辨析。A. remote遥远的；B. quiet安静的；C. tall高的；D. clean干净的。句意：我发现了一座干净的山，营地里和路边都有厕所。由“with tolilet at camps and along the paths”
13、可知，营地里和路边都有厕所，所以这是一座干净的山。故D选项切题。【48题详解】考查形容词辨析。A. new新的；B. special特殊的；C. significant重大的；D. necessary必要的。句意：环境挑战是巨大的，但坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局所做的努力似乎正在得到回报。根据前文可知，很多的登山者来到乞力马扎罗山以及冰川可能会消失，这对于环境来说是一个巨大的挑战。故C选项切题。【49题详解】考查动词短语辨析。A. paying off还清，报偿；B. spreading out伸展；C. blowing up爆炸；D. fading away逐渐消退。句意：环境挑战是巨大的，但坦桑
14、尼亚国家公园管理局所做的努力似乎正在得到回报。由“but”可知，前后表示转折关系，说明坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局所做的努力似乎正在得到回报。故A选项切题。【50题详解】考查名词辨析。A. atmosphere氛围；B. experience经历；C. experiment实验；D. sight视力。句意：在我看来，来乞力马扎罗最好的经历并不是到达顶峰。登山就是人生的一种经历。故B选项切题。【51题详解】考查动词辨析。A. studied学习；B. observed观察；C. explored探索；D. regarded认为。句意：山被许多文化视为精神场所。由“spiritual space”可知，
15、山被许多文化视为精神场所。be regarded as被视为。故D选项切题。【52题详解】考查名词辨析。A. view景色；B. quality质量；C. reason原因；D. purpose目的。句意：在乞力马扎罗，当登山者在几公里的空间里穿越五个生态系统时，景色差异尤为明显。有五个生态系统，所以景色也是明显的不同。故A选项切题。【53题详解】考查名词辨析。A. scientists科学家；B. climbers登山者；C. locals当地人；D. officials官员。句意：在乞力马扎罗，当登山者在几公里的空间里穿越五个生态系统时，景色尤为明显。故A选项切题。来到乞力马扎罗都是为了登
16、山，也只有登山者能体验到五个生态系统。故B选项切题。【54题详解】考查动词短语辨析。A. holding on to抓住；B. going back to回到（原来的话题）；C. living up to达到，履行；D. giving way to向让步。句意：热带雨林在海拔3000米处突然到了尽头，让位于大片的低矮植物。这里指热带雨林在海拔3000米处突然到了尽头，所以海拔3000米以上就是大片的低矮植物。故D选项切题。【55题详解】考查动词辨析。A. changes改变；B. clears放晴；C. improves提高；D. permits允许。句意：再往上走，天气变了低云笼罩着被厚厚的
17、草覆盖的山腰。由“low clouds”可知，海拔变了，天气也是不同的，是变化的。故A选项切题。【56题详解】考查动词辨析。A. match匹配；B. imagine想象；C. count数；D. add增加。句意：我从站的地方数出了十二种绿色。由“twelve shades of green”可知，作者数出了十二种绿色。故C选项切题。【57题详解】考查名词辨析。A. village村庄；B. desert沙漠，荒地；C. road马路；D. lake湖。句意：海拔4000米以上是高山荒漠：砾石、石头和岩石。由“grave, stones and rocks”可知，海拔4000米以上是高山荒漠
18、。故B选项切题。【58题详解】考查副词辨析。A. Obviously明显地；B. Easily容易地；C. Consequently结果；D. Finally最后地。句意：海拔4000米以上是高地荒漠：砾石、石头和岩石。生态系统最顶端也是最后一个生态系统是冰川地区。故D选项切题。【59题详解】考查形容词辨析。A. permanent永久的；B. little小的；C. fresh新鲜的；D. artificial人造的。句意：很明显，你爬进了一个类似北极的地带，那里有着永久性的积雪和可能很快消失的冰川。由“arctic-like zone”可知，这是一个类似北极的地带，所以有永久性的积雪。故A
19、选项切题。【60题详解】考查动词辨析。A. enjoy享受；B. deserve值得；C. save挽救；D. acquire获得。句意：乞力马扎罗山是一座拥挤的山，挤满了成群的游客，破坏了宁静的气氛，它值得这样的名声吗？这里作者在质疑乞力马扎罗山是不是应该被誉为一座挤满了破坏宁静氛围的游客的拥挤的山峰，以此在对后面的回答做好铺垫。故B选项切题。2019全国卷2完形填空及答案详解 Its about 250 miles from the hills of west-central Iowa to Ehlers home in Minnesota. During the long trip ho
20、me, following a weekend of hunting. Ehlers _41_about the small dog he had seen _42_ alongside the road. He had _43_ to coax(哄) the dog to him but, frightened, it had _44_.Back home, Ehlers was troubled by that _45_ dog. So, four days later, he called his friend Greg, and the two drove _46_. After a
21、long and careful _47_, Greg saw, across a field, the dog moving _48_ away. Ehlers eventually succeeded in coaxing the animal to him. Nervousness and fear were replaced with _49_. It just started licking(舔) Ehlers face.A local farmer told them the dog sounded like one _50_ as lost in the local paper.
22、 The ad had a _51_ number for a town in southern Michigan. Ehlers _52_ the number of Jeff and Lisa to tell them he had _53_ their dog.Jeff had _54_ in Iowa before Thanksgiving with his dog, Rosie, but the gun shots had scared the dog off. Jeff searched _55_ for Rosie in the next four days.Ehlers ret
23、urned to Minnesota, and then drove 100 miles to Minneapolis to put Rosie on a flight to Michigan. “Its good to know theres still someone out there who _56_ enough to go to that kind of _57_,”says Lisa of Ehlers rescue _58_.“I figured whoever lost the dog was probably just as _59_ to it as I am to my
24、 dogs,” says Ehlers. “If it had been my dog, Id hope that somebody would be _60_ to go that extra mile.”41. A. readB. forgotC. thoughtD. heard42. A. fightingB. tremblingC. eatingD. sleeping43. A. triedB. agreedC. promisedD. regretted44. A. calmed downB. stood upC. rolled overD. run off45. A. injured
25、B. stolenC. lostD. rescued46. A. homeB. pastC. backD. on47. A. preparationB. explanationC. testD. search48. A. cautiouslyB. casuallyC. skillfullyD. angrily49. A. surpriseB. joyC. hesitationD. anxiety50. A. predictedB. advertisedC. believedD. recorded51. A. houseB. phoneC. streetD. car52. A. calledB.
26、 copiedC. countedD. remembered53. A. fedB. adoptedC. foundD. cured54. A. huntedB. skiedC. livedD. worked55. A. on purposeB. on timeC. in turnD. in vain56. A. caresB. seesC. suffersD. learns57. A. placeB. troubleC. wasteD. extreme58. A. serviceB. planC. effortD. team59. A. equalB. allergicC. grateful
27、D. close60. A. suitableB. proudC. wiseD. willing【答案】41. C 42. B 43. A 44. D 45. C 46. C 47. D 48. A 49. B 50. B 51. B 52. A 53. C 54. A 55. D 56. A 57. B 58. C 59. D 60. D【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Ehlers在打猎时在路边发现一只走失的小狗，他想哄它到自己身边来，但未能成功。回家后，Ehlers还是很担心这只狗，四天后他和朋友一起出去找到这只狗，并最终帮它找到了主人。【41题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A. read阅读
28、；B. forgot忘记；C. thought想，思考；D. heard听到。根据下文Ehlers和朋友一起去找那只狗可知，此处是指Ehlers一直在想关于那只狗的事，故选C。【42题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A. fighting战斗；B. trembling发抖；C. eating吃；D. sleeping睡觉。根据下文作者去哄小狗可知，这只狗是在路边发抖，故选B。【43题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A. tried尝试，努力。；B. agreed同意；C. promised承诺；D. regretted后悔，遗憾。根据下文可知，他在尽力哄那只狗，try to do sth尽力做某事。故选A。【
29、44题详解】考查动词短语辨析。A. calmed down冷静下来；B. stood up站起来；C. rolled over翻滚；D. run off跑开。他在尽力哄那只狗，可是它很害怕，所以此处是指那只狗被吓跑了。故选D。【45题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。A. injured受伤的；B. stolen偷走的；C. lost丢失的；D. rescued获救的。根据下文可知，这只狗是别人丢失的，因此此处用lost“丢失”。故选C。【46题详解】考查副词词义辨析。A. home家；B. past过去的，从前的；C. back向后，回原处；D. on作用中，行动中。句意：因此，四天后，Ehlers
30、给他的朋友Greg打电话，他们俩又驱车返回。根据上文可知，此处是指他们又返回到之前见到那只走失的狗的地方，故选C。【47题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A. preparation预备；准备；B. explanation解释；C. test测试；D. search寻找。根据下文Greg在越过田野的地方看到了那只小狗可知，此处是指他们在仔细寻找小狗，故选D。【48题详解】考查副词词义辨析。A. cautiously慎重地，谨慎地；B. casually随便地；偶然地；C. skillfully巧妙地；精巧地；D. angrily生气地。根据文中提到的frightened, nervousness, f
31、ear等词并结合上文，并根据下文Ehlers最终成功安抚了它可知，小狗非常的谨慎小心。故选A。【49题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A. surprise惊奇；B. joy开心，快乐；C. hesitation犹豫；D. anxiety焦虑。根据下文小狗开始舔Ehlers的脸可知，它不再害怕，而是很开心，故选B。【50题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A. predicted预言，预知；B. advertised做广告；C. believed相信；D. recorded记录。句意：当地的一个农民告诉他们，这听起来像是当地报纸上刊登的那只丢失的狗。根据本句的in the local paper及语境可知，此处
32、是指在报纸上刊登的。故选B。【51题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A. house房屋；B. phone电话；C. street街道；D. car汽车。根据下文Ehlers给狗的主人打电话可知，此处是指广告上有电话号码，故选B。【52题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A. called打电话；B. copied复制，复印；C. counted计算；D. remembered记得。根据上下文语境可知，此处是指Ehlers给Jeff和Lisa（狗的主人）打了电话，故选A。【53题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A. fed喂养；B. adopted收养；C. found找到；D. cured治愈。根据上下文语境可知，E
33、hlers给他们打电话是要告知他找到了他们的狗，故选C。【54题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A. hunted打猎；B. skied飞涨；C. lived生活；D. worked工作。根据下文狗听到枪声吓跑了可知，此处是指Jeff带着狗在打猎，故选A。【55题详解】考查介词短语辨析。A. on purpose有目的地，故意地；B. on time准时；C. in turn反过来；转而；D. in vain徒劳。根据上文Ehlers找到的Jeff的狗可知，Jeff在狗丢失后没有找到他的狗，故选D。【56题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A. cares关心；B. sees看到；C. suffers遭受；D.
34、 learns获知。句意：很高兴知道还有那么一个人，他足够关心你，会去做这样麻烦的事。根据上文可知，此处是指Ehlers对狗足够关心，故选A。【57题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A. place地方；B. trouble麻烦；C. waste浪费；D. extreme极端。根据上文Ehlers开车把那只小狗Rosie送到100英里远的机场，把它航空托运到密歇根可知，这是件很麻烦的事情，故选B。【58题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A. service服务；B. plan计划；C. effort努力；D. team团队。根据上文可知，此处是指Lisa在评论Ehlers帮助他们找回狗付出的努力，故选C。【5
35、9题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。A. equal相等的；B. allergic对过敏的；C. grateful感谢的；D. close紧密的；亲密的；亲近的。句意：我想无论是谁丢了狗，可能就像我亲近我的狗一样亲近它。根据下文Ehlers说的话可知，此处是指他对待那只狗就像对自己的狗一样。故选D。【60题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。A. suitable适当的；相配的；B. proud自豪的；C. wise聪明的；D. willing乐意的。句意：我希望有人愿意付出更多的努力。根据上文语境可知，此处是表达他希望面对这样的事情，大家能愿意去付出更多努力去帮忙，be willing to do乐意做某事
36、。故选D。2019全国卷3完形填空及答案详解 The small town of Rjukan in Norway is situated between several mountains and does not get direct sunlight from late September to mid-March- _41_ six months out of the year.“Of course, we _42_ it when the sun is shining,” says Karin Ro, who works for the towns tourism office. “
37、We see the sky is _43_, but down in the valley its darker its like on a _44_ day.”But that _45_ when a system of high-tech _46_ was introduced to reflect sunlight from neighboring peaks(山峰) into the valley below. Wednesday, residents(居民) of Rjukan _47_ their very first ray of winter sunshine: A row
38、of reflective boards on a nearby mountainside were put to _48_. The mirrors are controlled by a computer that _49_ them to turn along with the sun throughout the _50_ and to close during windy weather. They reflect a concentrated beam(束) of light onto the towns central _51_, creating an area of sunl
39、ight roughly 600 square meters. When the light _52_, Rjukan residents gathered together.“People have been _53_ there and standing there and taking _54_ of each other,” Ro says. “The town square was totally _55_. I think almost all the people in the town were there.” The 3,500 residents cannot all _5
40、6_ the sunshine at the same time. _57_, the new light feels like more than enough for the towns _58_ residents.“Its not very _59_,” she says, “but it is enough when we are _60_.”41. A. onlyB. obviouslyC. nearlyD. precisely42. A. fearB. believeC. hearD. notice43. A. emptyB. blueC. highD. wide44. A. c
41、loudyB. normalC. differentD. warm45. A. helpedB. changedC. happenedD. mattered46. A. computersB. telescopesC. mirrorsD. cameras47. A. rememberedB. forecastedC. receivedD. imagined48. A. repairB. riskC. restD. use49. A. forbidsB. directsC. predictsD. follows50. A. dayB. nightC. monthD. year51. A. lib
42、raryB. hallC. squareD. street52. A. appearedB. returnedC. fadedD. stopped53. A. drivingB. hidingC. campingD. sitting54. A. picturesB. notesC. careD. hold55. A. newB. fullC. flatD. silent56. A. blockB. avoidC. enjoyD. store57. A. InsteadB. HoweverC. GraduallyD. Similarly58. A. nature-lovingB. energy-
43、savingC. weather-beatenD. sun-starved59. A. bigB. clearC. coldD. easy60. A. tryingB. waitingC. watchingD. sharing【答案】41. C 42. D 43. B 44. A 45. B 46. C 47. C 48. D 49. B 50. A 51. C 52. A 53. D 54. A 55. B 56. C 57. B 58. D 59. A 60. D【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述北欧一个小镇长达半年没有阳光照射，为此当地政府在附近的山顶安装了一套镜子设备把阳光反射到小镇的广场
44、，让民众享受到自然的阳光。41题详解】考查副词词义辨析。A. only仅仅；B. obviously显然地；C. nearly几乎；D. precisely准确的。根据前文from late September to mid-March可知，从九月底到三月中旬，差不多半年，故选C。【42题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A. fear害怕；B. believe相信；C. hear听见；D. notice注意。根据后文We see the sky is 43 , but down in the valley its darker可知，我们看到天空是蓝色的，但是到山谷的时候，就会变得更暗了，故可知太阳照耀
45、的时候，我们观察得到，故选D。【43题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。A. empty空的；B. blue蓝色的；C. high高的；D. wide宽的。根据常识可知，有太阳的时候，天空是蓝色的，故选B。【44题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。A. cloudy多云；B. normal正常的；C. different不同的；D. warm温暖的。根据前文down in the valley its darker可知，到山谷的时候，天变暗了，像阴天一样，故选A。【45题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A. helped帮助；B. changed改变；C. happened发生；D. mattered关系重大。根据后
46、文可知，该镇引入一套阳光反射镜来改变这种情况，故选B。【46题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A. computers电脑；B. telescopes望远镜；C. mirrors镜子；D. cameras相机。根据后文to reflect sunlight from neighboring peaks可知，从附近的山顶上反射太阳光，故推知为一枚镜子，故选C。【47题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A. remembered记得；B. forecasted预报；C. received获得，收到；D. imagined想象。根据句意可知，该镇的居民获得了冬天里的第一缕阳光，故选C。【48题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A. repair修理；B. risk风险；C. rest休息；D. use使用。根据前一句their very first ray of winter sunshine可知，获得了冬天的第一缕阳光，是由于反射板投入使用了，故选D。put sth to use把某物投入使用。【49题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些镜子由电脑控制，指导他们整天跟着太阳的位置移动而移动，在大风的天气就自动关闭。A. forbids禁止；B. dir