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1、2013年12月英语六级真题（第3套）Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay about the impact of the information explosion by referring to the saying “A wealth of information creates a poverty of attention.” You can give examples to illustrate your point and
2、then explain what you can do to avoid being distracted by irrelevant information. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.Part IIListening Comprehension(30 minutes)说明：2013年12月六级真题全国共考了两套听力。本套（即第三套）的听力内容与第二套的完全一样，只是选项的顺序不一样而已，故在本套中不再重复给出。Part IIIReadingComprehension (40 minutes
3、)Section ADirections:In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a le
4、tter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.Some performance evaluations require supervisors to take action. Employe
5、es who receive a very favorable evaluation may deserve some type of recognition or even a promotion. If supervisors do not acknowledge such outstanding performance, employees may either lose their36 and reduce their effort or search for a new job at a firm that will37 them for high performance. Supe
6、rvisors should acknowledge high performance so that the employee will continue to perform well in the future.Employees who receive unfavorable evaluations must also be given attention. Supervisors must 38 the reasons for poor performance. Some reasons, such as a family illness, may have a temporary
7、adverse 39 on performance and can be corrected. Other reasons, such as a bad attitude, may not be temporary. When supervisors give employees an unfavorable evaluation, they must decide whether to take any 40 actions. If the employees were unaware of their own deficiencies, the unfavorable evaluation
8、 can pinpoint(指出) the deficiencies that employees must correct. In this case, the supervisor may simply need to monitor the employees 41 and ensure that the deficiencies are corrected.If the employees were already aware of their deficiencies before the evaluation period, however, they may be unable
9、or unwilling to correct them. This situation is more serious, and the supervisor may need to take action. The action should be 42 with the firms guidelines and may include reassigning the employees to new jobs, 43 them temporarily, or firing them. A supervisors action toward a poorly performing work
10、er can 44 the attitudes of other employees. If no 45 isimposed on an employee for poor performance, other employees may react by reducing their productivity as well.注意：此部分题请在答题卡2上作答。A) additionalB) affectC) aptlyD) assimilateE) circulationF) closelyG) consistentH) enthusiasmI) identifyJ) impactK) pe
11、naltyL) rewardM) simplifyingN) suspendingO) vulnerableSection BDirections:In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may cho
12、ose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.The College Essay: Why Those 500 Words Drive Us CrazyA) Meg is a lawyer-mom in suburban Washington, D.C., where lawyer-moms are thick on the ground. Her
13、son Doug is one of several hundred thousand high-school seniors who had a painful fall. The deadline for applying to his favorite college was Nov. 1,and by early October he had yet to fill out the application. More to the point, he had yet to settle on a subject for the personal essay accompanying t
14、he application. According to college folklore, a well-turned essay has the power to seduce (诱惑) an admissions committee. “He wanted to do one thing at a time,” Meg says, explaining her sons delay. “But really, my son is a huge procrastinator (拖延者). The essay is the hardest thing to do, so hes put it
15、 off the longest.” Friends and other veterans of the process have warned Meg that the back and forth between editing parent and writing student can be traumatic (痛苦的).B) Back in the good old dayssay, two years ago, when the last of my children suffered the ordeal (折磨)a high-school student applying t
16、o college could procrastinate all the way to New Years Day of their senior year, assuming they could withstand the parental pestering (烦扰).But things change fast in the nail-biting world of college admissions.The recent trend toward early decision and early action among selective colleges and univer
17、sities has pushed the traditional deadline of January up to Nov. 1 or early December for many students.C) If the time for heel-dragging has been shortened, the true source of the anxiety and panic remains what it has always been. And its not the application itself. A college application is a relativ
18、ely straightforward questionnaire asking for the basics: name, address, family history employment history. It would all be innocent enough20 minutes of busy workexcept it comes attached to a personal essay.D) “There are good reasons it causes such anxiety,” says Lisa Sohmer, director of college coun
19、seling at the Garden School in Jackson Heights, N.Y. “Its not just the actual writing. By noweverything else is already set. Your course load is set, your grades are set, your test scores are set. But the essay is something you can still control, and its open-ended. So the temptation is to write and
20、 rewrite and rewrite.” Or stall and stall and stall.E) The application essay, along with its mythical importance, is a recent invention. In the 1930s,when only one in 10 Americans had a degree from a four-year college, an admissionscommittee was content to ask for a sample of applicants school paper
21、s to assess their writing ability. By the 1950s, most schools required a brief personal statement of why the student had chosen to apply to one school over another.F) Today nearly 70 percent of graduating seniors go off to college, including two-year and four-year institutions. Even apart from the i
22、ncreased competition, the kids enter a process that has been utterly transformed from the one baby boomers knew. Nearly all application materials are submitted online, and the Common Application provides a one-size-fits form accepted by more than 400 schools, including the nations most selective.G)
23、Those schools usually require essays of their own, but the longest essay, 500 words maximum, is generally attached to the Common Application. Students choose one of six questions. Applicants are asked to describe an ethical dilemma theyve faced and its impact on them, or discuss a public issue of sp
24、ecial concern to them, or tell of a fictional character or creative work that has profoundly influenced them. Another question invites them to write about the importance (to them, again) of diversitya word that has assumed magic power in American higher education. The most popular option: write on a
25、 topic of your choice.H) “Boys in particular look at the other questions and say, Oh, thats too much work,” says John Boshoven, a counselor in the Ann Arbor, Mich., public schools. “They think if they do a topic of their choice, “Ill just go get that history paper I did last year on the Roman Empire
26、 and turn it into a first-person application essay! And they end up producing something utterly ridiculous.”I) Talking to admissions professionals like Boshoven, you realize that the list of “donts” in essay writing is much longer than the “dos.”“No book reports, no history papers, no character stud
27、ies,”says Sohmer.J) “It drives you crazy, how easily kids slip into clichs(老生常谈),”says Boshoven. “They dont realize how typical their experiences arc. I scored the winning goal in soccer against our arch-rival.My grandfather served in World War II, and I hope to be just like him someday. That may me
28、an a lot to that particular kid. But in the world of the application essay, its nothing. Youll lose the reader in the first paragraph.”K) “The greatest strength you bring to this essay,” says the College Boards how-to book, “is 17 years or so of familiarity with the topic: YOU. The form and style ar
29、e very familiar, and best of all, you are the world-class expert on the subject of YOU . It has been the subject of your close scrutiny every morning since you were tall enough to see into the bathroom mirror.” Thekey word in the Common Application prompts is “you.”L) The college admission essay con
30、tains the grandest American themesstatus anxiety, parental piety (孝顺), intellectual standardsand so it is only a matter of time before it becomes infected by the countrys culture of excessive concern with self-esteem. Even if the question isostensibly (表面上) about something outside the self (describe
31、 a fictional character or solve a problem of geopolitics), the essay invariably returns to the favorite topic: what is its impact on YOU?M)“For all the anxiety the essay causes,” says Bill McClintick of Mercersburg Academy in Pennsylvania, “its a very small piece of the puzzle. I was in college admi
32、ssions for 10 years. I saw kids and parents beat themselves up over this. And at the vast majority of places, it is simply not a big variable in the colleges decision-making process.”N) Many admissions officers say they spend less than a couple of minutes on each application, including the essay. Ac
33、cording to a recent survey of admissions officers, only one in four private colleges say the essay is of “considerable importance” in judging an application. Among public colleges and universities, the number drops to roughly one in 10. By contrast, 86 percent place “considerable importance” on an a
34、pplicants grades, 70 percent on “strength of curriculum.”O) Still, at the most selective schools, where thousands of candidates may submit identically high grades and test scores, a marginal item like the essay may serve as a tie-breaker between two equally qualified candidates. The thought is certa
35、inly enough to keep the pot boiling under parents like Meg, the lawyer-mom, as she tries to help her son choose an essay topic. For a moment the other day, she thought she might have hit on a good one. “His fathers from France,” she says. “I said maybe you could write about that, as something that m
36、akes you different. You know: half French, half American. I said, You could write about your identity issues. He said, I dont have any identity issues! And hes right. Hes a well-adjusted, normal kid. But that doesnt make for a good essay, does it?”注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。46. Today many universities requir
37、e their applicants to write an essay of up to five hundred words.47. One recent change in college admissions is that selective colleges and universities have movedthe traditional deadline to earlier dates.48. Applicants and their parents are said to believe that the personal essay can sway the admis
38、sions committee.49. Applicants are usually better off if they can write an essay that distinguishes them from the rest.50. Not only is the competition getting more intense, the application process today is also totally different from what baby boomers knew.51. In writing about their own experiences
39、many applicants slip into clichs, thus failing to engage the reader.52. According to a recent survey, most public colleges and universities consider an applicants grades highly important.53. Although the application essay causes lots of anxiety, it does not play so important a role in the collegesde
40、cision-making process.54. The question you aresupposed to write about may seem outside the self, but the theme of the essay should center around its impact on you.55. In the old days, applicants only had to submit a sample of their school papers to show their writing ability.Section CDirections:Ther
41、e are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Pass
42、age OneQuestions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.Among the governments most interesting reports is one that estimates what parents spend on their children. Not surprisingly, the costs are steep. For a middle-class, husband-and-wife family (average pretax income in 2009: $76,250), spendin
43、g per child is about $12,000 a year. With inflation the familys spending on a child will total $286,050 by age 17.The dry statistics ought to inform the ongoing deficit debate, because a budget is not just a catalog of programs and taxes. It reflects a societys priorities and values. Our society doe
44、s not despite rhetoric(说辞) to the contraryput much value on raising children. Present budget policies tax parents heavily to support the elderly. Meanwhile, tax breaks for children are modest. If deficit reduction aggravates these biases, more Americans may choose not to have children or to have few
45、er children. Down that path lies economic decline.Societies that cannot replace their populations discourage investment and innovation. They have stagnant (萧条的) or shrinking markets for goods and services. With older populations, theyresist change. To stabilize its populationdiscounting immigrationw
46、omen must have an average of two children. Thats a fertility rate of 2.0.Many countries with struggling economies are well below that.Though having a child is a deeply personal decision, its shaped by culture, religion, economics, and government policy. “No one has a good answer” asto why fertility
47、varies among countries, says sociologist Andrew Cherlin of The Johns Hopkins University. Eroding religious belief in Europe may partly explain lowered birthrates. In Japan young women may be rebelling against their mothers isolated lives of child rearing. General optimism and pessimism count. Hopefu
48、lness fueled Americas baby boom. After the Soviet Unions collapse, says Cherlin, “anxiety for the future” depressed birthrates in Russiaand Eastern Europe.In poor societies, people have children to improve their economic well-being by increasing the number of family workers and providing supports fo
49、r parents in their old age. In wealthy societies, the logic often reverses. Government now supports the elderly, diminishing the need for children. By some studies, the safety nets for retirees have reduced fertility rates by 0.5 children in the United States and almost 1.0 in Western Europe, reports economist Robert Stein in the journal National Affairs. Similarly, some couples dont have childre