《2012年9月公共英语四级考试真题及答案.doc》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2012年9月公共英语四级考试真题及答案.doc（22页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、2012年9月公共英语四级考试真题及答案Section I Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)听力1-10略11、听材料，回答下列问题。Why did the police officer stop the driver?AThe driver exceeded the speed limit.BThe driver didnt stop at the zebra crossing.CThe officer was conducting a routine check.DThe officer found the cars brake lights wer
2、e out.12、Why did the driver mention his wifes cousins husband?ATo prove his connection with the officer.BTo show himself as an influential man.CTo influence the police officer.DTo establish a new friendship.13、What did the police officer threaten to do?AGive the driver a ticket.BTake the driver to c
3、ourt.CRetain the drivers car.DTake the driver to the police station.14、听材料，回答下列问题。What is the origin of Kwanzaa related to.?AReligion.BFamily life.CAgriculture.DCommunity.15、Which of the following colors is used for decoration in Kwanzaa?AYellow.BGreen.CWhite.DBlue.16、What do the seven candles stand
4、 for?APrinciples.BCultures.CTribes.DColors.17、听材料，回答下列问题。When was the Word Bank officially founded?AIn 1944.BIn 1946.CIn 1949.DIn 2000.18、The World Bank dreams of a world withoutAinequalityBpovertyCoppressionDconflicts19、What do we know about the Word Bank member countries?AThey have equal say.BThey
5、 decide on the banks work.CThey are the board members.DThey are its shareholders.20、How many leading contributors does the World Bank have?A24.B19.C5.D3.Section II Use of English (15 minutes) 英语常识根据材料，回答下列21-40问题。Humans like to regard themselves as exceptional.Many philosophers believe humans are th
6、e only 21 which understands that others have their own personal thoughts.That understanding is known in the 22 as having a theory of mind, and it is considered the 23 to such cherished human 24 as sympathy and deception.Biologists have learned to treat such 25 with caution.Bernd Heinrich and Thomas
7、Bugn-yar describe an experiment they have carried out 26 ravens.27 to gaze is reckoned to be a good 28 of the development of theory of mind in human children. 29 about 18 months, most children are able to follow the gaze of another person, and 30 things about the gazer from it.Failure to 31 this tri
8、ck is an early symptom of autism, a syndrome whose main underlying feature is a(n) 32 to understand that other people have 33 , too.To 34 whether ravens could follow gaze, Dr Heinrich used six six-month-old hand-reared ravens.The birds were set, one at a time, on a perch on one side of a room divide
9、d by a barrier.An experimenter in front of the barrier 35 his head and eyes in a particular 36 and gazed for 30 seconds before looking 37 Dr Heinrich found that all the birds were able to follow the gaze of the experimenters, even 38 the barrier.In the 39 case, the curious birds either jumped down f
10、rom the perch and walked around the barrier to have a 40 or leapt on top of it and peered over.21、AcategoryBgroupCraceDspecies22、AperspectiveBtradeCbusinessDskill23、AsecretBattributionCalternativeDgateway24、AqualifiesBoperationsChabitsDvalues25、AcomparisonsBfindingsCassertionsDstudies26、AonBtoCagain
11、stDfor27、AIndifferenceBResponseCResistanceDInstinct28、AcallBreasonChintDmeasure29、AWithBInCByDAt30、AimagineBinferClocateDconfer31、AdevelopBfindCplanDconceal32、AresentBtendencyCattemptDinability33、AsensesBmindsCbeliefsDfaculties34、AargueBproveCtestDconfirm35、AmovedBhidCrevealedDadjusted36、AmannerBdir
12、ectionCtypeDcircle37、AdownBupCawayDinside38、AintoBwithinCbeyondDfrom39、AformerBlatterCordinaryDunusual40、AlookBrestCtryDtasteSection III Reading Comprehension (60 minutes) 阅读理解A根据材料，回答下列41-60问题。Text 1Conventional wisdom has long held that mammals stayed millions of years on earth.As long as dinosaur
13、s roamed the lands, our distant ancestors never got to be much more than chicken-hearted creatures that sneaked out at night to grab bits of plants when the terrible lizards were asleep.Only when they were wiped out did mammals begin to earn a little evolutionary respect.But that picture changed dra
14、matically with the announcement in Nature of two impressive fossils.One, of a brand-new species named R.giganticus, broke apart the notion that most dinosaur-age mammals were never larger than squirrels.The animal had the dimensions of a midsize dogby far the biggest dinosaur-age mammal ever found.A
15、nd the second, a new specimen of a previ-ously discovered species called R.robustus, refuted the notion that it was always the mammals that got eaten.Inside the skeleton where the animals stomach would have been are the fossilized re-mains of a baby dinosaur.This discovery was the chance of a lifeti
16、me, says Jin Meng, scientist and co-author of the paper.Indeed, Meng didnt expect to find things like this at all.The smaller skeleton was discovered about two years ago by villagers in Chinas Liaoning province, site of some of the richest fossil beds in the world.They brought it to the attention of
17、 scientists, who took it to an institute for examination.We didnt see the stomach contents at first, says Meng.After they did, however, it didnt take them long to realize they had struck scientific gold.On closer examination, the scientists determined that the remains were those of a juvenile dinosa
18、ur.Some of the arm and leg bones were still attached to each other, suggesting that R.robustus didnt chew its food thoroughly but wolfed it down in large chunks.Taken together, the finds overturn the already eroded idea that early mammals were tiny and timid.Now paleontologists can stop cooking up t
19、heories to explain why mammals were so little-that they had to be small to avoid being found, for example, or they couldnt grow larger because dinosaurs already occupied those ecological spaces.But its now clear that mammals did fill some of the spaces reserved for larger animals.Its quite possible,
20、 says paleontologist Anne Well, that they competed with dinosaurs for the sameprey. And because they ate dinosaurs, they may even have had an influence on dinosaur evolution.What sort of influence? We dont know, she says.Thats how it is with the best finds.They leave you with more questions than ans
21、wers.41、Mammals in the dinosaur age used to be described asAfierce and dangerous.Bshrewd and swift.Cdoglike and sneaky.Dsmall and cowardly.42、The fossil of a baby dinosaur in the skeleton of R.robustus indicates thatAR.robustus must have died in its pregnancy.Bthis mammal could have died while fight
22、ing with dinosaurs.CR.robustus swallowed the baby dinosaur as its food.Dmammals would eat their young when starved.43、By saying they had struck scientific gold (Lines 1, Paragraph 4 ), the author means thatAtheir discovery earned them great fame.Btheir findings enjoyed enormous market value.Cthey ac
23、quired valuable resources for their studies.Dthey had made a significant discovery in their research.44、The expression cooking up (Line 2, Paragraph 5 ) indicates that the authorAdoubts the validity of the previous scientific explanations.Bthinks the new discoveries have practical significance.Crega
24、rds previous ecological studies as simply story-making.Dconsiders those new discoveries no longer hold water.45、What is the possible connection between mammals and dinosaurs?AMammals were under dinosaurs rule most of the time.BMammals might have contributed to the evolution of dinosaurs.CDinosaurs f
25、ailed in the competition with mammals for food.DBaby dinosaurs were the main source of food for mammals.根据材料，回答下列46-65问题。Text 2Schools of education have long been objects of criticism.From James Koerners 1963 book,The Miseducation of Americas Teachers, up through two recent reports by national commi
26、ssions,critics have complained about the intellectual emptiness of the curriculum at ed schools and the lack of connection between what is taught and the realities teachers face in the classroom.A recent sur-vey of teachers about their graduate-school training drew comments like the shabbiest psycho
27、bab-ble imaginable and a waste of time.With an estimated 2 million new teachers needed over the next decade, the shortcomings in ed-ucation schools are a practical concern.In what is a generally bleak landscape, a small number of schools stand out as innovators.Two key qualities distinguish these ex
28、emplars.First, they require that students master the subjects they will be teaching and structure theft curricula accordingly.Sec- ond, these programs put a premium on hands-on experience.While traditional ed-school curricula are filled with courses on theory, the new approach places much greater em
29、phasis on learning by doing.At Ohio State University in Columbus, students in the one-year masters program spend half their time teaching in one of 55 Franklin County public schools, where they are paired with experi- enced teachers.You are immersed from Day 1, says OSU graduate student Kelley Crock
30、ett, a 37-year-oldformer businesswoman who does practical training at Gables Elementary School.And that forces you to be intimately involved.In New York City, the Bank Street College of Education-a two-year program-runs its own junior high.That keeps us honest, says the schools president, Augusta Ka
31、ppner.We are encouraging students to see how they function in school settings so they can constantly improve.Comparable programs exist at some other institutions, including the University of Virginia and Trinity University in San Antonio. But Linda Darling-Hammond, a professor at Columbia University
32、s Teachers College who is an expert on teacher training, estimates that only 40 percent of the 1,200 teacher-education programs in the country have met national accreditation standards.Most education schools, she says, have operated bureaucratically, assuming that teachers didnt need to know many th
33、ings, Just give them a textbook and send them on.46、By saying intellectual emptiness of the curriculum ( Lines 3, Paragraph 1 ) the critics mean to argue thatAthere were not sufficient items in the curriculum.Bthe curriculum was poorly designed academically.Cthe training based on the curriculum was
34、hardly imaginable.Dthe curriculum did not sufficiently address learners needs.47、According to the author, the concern over the current situation in ed schools isAwell-grounded.Bunnecessary.Cwidespread.Dill-founded.48、The word premium ( Line 5, Paragraph 2) probably meansAdifficulty.Bemphasis.Climita
35、tion.Dreward.49、It can be inferred from Linda Darling-Hammonds comment thatAmost ed schools should undergo fundamental reform.Bit is too difficult for ed schools to overcome bureaucracy.Cteachers at ed schools emphasize too much the value of a textbook.Dmost ed school teachers are unwilling to parti
36、cipate in the innovations.50、Which of the following would be the best title for the text?AA Birds Eye View on Teacher Training ProgramsBTraditional versus Modem Schools of EducationCInnovation at Some Schools of EducationDComparison between Teacher Training Programs根据材料，回答下列51-70问题。Text 3Its almost
37、an article of faith: your best ally in the fight against cancer is a doggedly optimistic outlook.And it would seem that mounting evidence of the links between emotional and physical well-being would support that view.The only problem is that there is no good evidence to support that belief when it c
38、omes to cancer.Moreover, the tyranny of positive thinking often becomes just one more burden for the sick.It was research in the 1970s and 80s that first popularized the idea that attitude might affect cancer outcomes.Such research led doctors to encourage patients to think happy thoughts and visual
39、ize their immune system blasting away cancer cells.But most of those studies have been dismissed as either flawed or inconclusive.A review of 37 studies that was published in the British Medical Journal in 2002 found that although a positive outlook does correlate with the perception of less pain by
40、 patients-a real benefit-there is little consistent evidence that coping styles play an important part in survival from or recurrence of cancer.Still, the optimism theory remains attractive.One reason is that Americans live in a culture that desires control.We want to believe that we can beat cancer
41、 by imposing our will on the disease.A better reason is that mental states like depression and chronic anxiety have been shown to have physical consequences that affect the progression of such illnesses as heart disease and diabetes.While a similar connection is biologically plausible for cancer, it
42、 is far from proven.Even researchers who believe that studies will ultimately establish links between stress and the progression of cancer, like Stanfords Dr.David Spiegel, know the picture is complex.It isnt a matter of Fix it in your mind, and you fix it in your body, he says, but it would be stra
43、nge if what goes on in our minds didnt affect how our bodies deal with illness.So where does that leave cancer patients? Doctors know that individuals will always bring their own disposition-sunny, sour or sarcastic-to bear on their illness and treatment.Pressuring them to be models of positive thin
44、king is useless.Worse, it could cause them to hide their fears and reject support.But clinicians must remain alert for signs of depression, which can affect the outcome of any disease if it interferes with treatment.And many patients will also need-and welcomehelp to improve poor coping skills.Spieg
45、el says, Having worked with people with life-threatening ill- nesses for 30 years, its clear that there are better and worse ways to deal with these things. False optimism isnt helpful, but neither is despair.51、By saying the tyranny of positive thinking ( Line 4, Paragraph 1 ), the author probably
46、meansApeople cannot but think optimistically.Bit is unfair to force people to think positively.Cpeople are advised to assume an optimistic outlook in life.Dit is positive thinking that prevails.52、What is found to be the real benefit of taking an optimistic attitude toward cancer?AStrengthening the
47、immune system.BReducing the pain felt by patients.CImproving patients coping styles.DHeightening the effect of medication.53、The author thinks that the optimism theory is derived fromAAmericans cultural pride in overcoming everything.Bthe biological plausibility of willful control of cancer.Cthe assumed connection of m