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1、1999年专业英语八级考试真题TESTFORENGLISHMAJORS(1999)-GRADEEIGHT-PARTIListeningComprehension(40min)InSectionsA,BandCyouwillheareverythingONCEONLY.Listencarefullyandthenanswerthequestionsthatfollow.MarkthecorrectresponsetoeachquestiononyourColouredAnswerSheet.SECTIONATALKQuestions1to5refertothetalkinthissection.
2、Attheendofthetalkyouwillbegiven15secondstoanswereachofthefollowingfivequestions.Nowlistentothetalk.1.Thetechnologytomakemachinesquieter_.A.hasbeeninusesincethe1930sB.hasacceleratedindustrialproductionC.hasjustbeenincommercialuseD.hasbeeninventedtoremoveallnoises2.Themodernelectronicanti-noisedevices
3、_.A.areanupdateversionofthetraditionalmethodsB.sharesimilaritieswiththetraditionalmethodsC.areasinefficientasthetraditionalmethodsD.arebasedonanentirelynewworkingprinciple3.TheFrenchcompanyisworkingonanti-noisetechniquestobeusedinallEXCEPT_.A.streetsB.factoriesC.aircraftD.cars4.Accordingtothetalk,wo
4、rkersinzonesofquietcan_.A.bemoreaffectedbynoiseB.heartalkfromoutsidethezoneC.workmoreefficientlyD.beheardoutsidethezone5.Themainthemeofthetalkisabout_.A.noise-controltechnologyB.noiseinfactoriesC.noise-controlregulationsD.noise-relatedeffectsSECTIONBINTERVIEWQuestions6to10arebasedonaninterview.Atthe
5、endoftheinterviewyouwillbegiven15secondstoanswereachofthefollowingfivequestions.Nowlistentotheinterview.6.EmployeesintheUSarepaidfortheirtime.Thismeansthattheyaresupposedto_.A.workhardwhiletheirbossisaroundB.cometoworkwhenthereisworktobedoneC.workwithinitiativeandwillingnessD.workthroughtheirlunchbr
6、eak7.Oneoftheadvantagesofflexibleworkinghoursisthat_.A.pressurefromworkcanbereducedB.workingwomencanhavemoretimeathomeC.trafficandcommutingproblemscanbesolvedD.personalrelationshipsinofficescanbeimproved8.OntheissueofworkingcontractsintheUS,whichstatementisNOTcorrect?A.Performanceatworkmattersmoreth
7、ananythingelse.B.Therearelawsprotectingemployeesworkingrights.C.Goodreasonsmustbeprovidedinordertofireworkers.D.WorkingcontractsintheUSaremostlyshort-termones.9.Wecanbeassumedfromtheinterviewthataninformalatmospheremightbefoundin_.A.smallfirmsB.majorbanksC.bigcorporationsD.lawoffices10.Theinterviewi
8、smainlyabout_intheUSA.A.officehierarchiesB.officeconditionsC.officerolesD.officelifeSECTIONCNEWSBROADCASTQuestion11isbasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem,youwillbegiven15secondstoanswerthequestion.Nowlistentothenews.11.SenatorBobDolesattitudetowardsClintonsanti-crimepolicyisthatof_.A.opposi
9、tionB.supportC.ambiguityD.indifferenceQuestions12and13arebasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem,youwillbegiven30secondstoanswerthequestions.Nowlistentothenews.12.JapanandtheUnitedStatesarenow_.A.negotiatingaboutphotographicmaterialB.negotiatinganautomobileagreementC.facingseriousproblemsintra
10、deD.onthevergeofalarge-scaletradewar13.Thenewsitemseemstoindicatethattheagreement_.A.willendallotherrelatedtradeconflictsB.isunlikelytosolvethedisputeonceandforallC.islinkedtoothertradeagreementsD.isthelastofitskindtobereachedQuestions14and15arebasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem,youwillbe
11、given30secondstoanswerthequestions.Nowlistentothenews.14.Accordingtothenews,theicefromGreenlandprovidesinformationabout_.A.oxygenB.ancientweatherC.carbondioxideD.temperature15.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisCORRECT?A.Drasticchangesintheweatherhavebeencommonsinceancienttimes.B.Thechangeinweatherfromv
12、erycoldtoveryhotlastedoveracentury.C.Thescientistshavebeenstudyingicetoforecastweatherinthefuture.D.Thepast10,000yearshaveseenminorchangesintheweather.SECTIONDNOTE-TAKINGANDGAP-FILLINGInthissectionyouwillhearamini-lecture.YouwillhearthelectureONLYONCE.Whilelisteningtothelecture,takenotesontheimporta
13、ntpoints.Yournoteswillnotbemarked,butyouwillneedthemtocompletea15-minutegap-fillingtaskonANSWERSHEETONEaftertheminilecture.Usetheblanksheetfornote-taking.FillineachofthegapswithONEword.Youmayrefertoyournotes.Makesurethewordyoufillinisbothgrammaticallyandsemanticallyacceptable.Atpresentcompaniesandin
14、dustriesliketosponsorsportsevents.Tworeasonsareputforwardtoexplainthisphenomenon.Thefirstreasonisthattheyget1throughouttheworld.Thesecondreasonisthatcompaniesandindustries2money,astheygetreductionsinthetaxtheyoweiftheysponsorsportsorartsactivities.Assponsorshipis3家,carefulthinkingisrequiredindecidin
15、gwhicheventstosponsor.Itisimportantthattheeventtobesponsored4theproduct(s)tobepromoted.Thatis,theright5andmaximumproductcoveragemustbeguaranteedintheevent.Pointstobeconsideredinsportssponsorship:PopularityoftheeventInternationalsportseventsarebig6events,whichgetextensivecoverageonTVandinthepress.Sma
16、llereventsattractfewerpeople.IdentificationofthepotentialaudienceAimingattherightaudienceismostimportantforsmallerevents.Therightaudiencewouldattractmanufacturersofotherrelatedproductslike7,etc.AdvantagesofsponsorshipAdvantagesarelonger-term.Peopleareexpectedtorespond8totheproductspromoted.Andbemore
17、likelytobuythem.Advertisingis9themind.Sponsorshipisbetterthanstraightadvertising:a)less10b)tax-freePARTIIProofreadingandErrorCorrection(15min)ThepassagecontainsTENerrors.EachindicatedlinecontainsamaximumofONEerror.Ineachcase,onlyONEwordisinvolved.Youshouldproofreadthepassageandcorrectitinthefollowin
18、gway:Forawrongword,underlinethewrongwordandwritethecorrectoneintheblankprovidedattheendoftheline.Foramissingword,markthepositionofthemissingwordwithasignandwritethewordyoubelievetobemissingintheblankprovidedattheendoftheline.Foraunnecessaryword,crosstheunnecessarywordwithaslash/andputthewordinthebla
19、nkprovidedattheendoftheline.EXAMPLEWhenartmuseumwantsanewexhibit,大1家itneverbuysthingsinfinishedformandhangsanthemonthewall.Whenanaturalhistory大2家museumwantsanexhibition,itmustoftenbuildit.Thehunter-gatherertribesthattodayliveasourprehistorichumanancestorsconsumeprimarilyavegetabledietsupplementingwi
20、thanimalfoods.Ananalysisof58societiesofmodemhunter-gatherers,includingtheKungofsouthernAfrica,revealedthatonehalfemphasizegatheringplantfoods,one-thirdconcentrateonfishingandonlyone-sixthareprimarilyhunters.Overall,two-thirdsandmoreofthehunter-gathererscaloriescomefromplants.DetailedstudiesoftheKung
21、bythefoodscientistsattheUniversityofLondon,showedthatgatheringisamoreproductivesourceoffoodthanishunting.Anhourofhuntingyieldsinaverageabout100ediblecalories,asanhourofgatheringproduces240.Plantfoodsprovidefor60percentto80percentoftheKungdiet,andnoonegoeshungrywhenthehuntfails.Interestingly,iftheyes
22、capefatalinfectionsoraccidents,thesecontemporaryaborigineslivetooldagesdespiteoftheabsenceofmedicalcare.Theyexperiencenoobesity,nomiddle-agedspread,littledentaldecay,nohighbloodpressure,onheartdisease,andtheirbloodcholesterollevelsareverylow(abouthalfoftheaverageAmericanadult),ifnooneissuggestingwha
23、twereturntoanaboriginallifestyle,wecertainlycouldusetheireatinghabitsasamodelforhealthierdiet.never大3家exhibitPARTIIIReadingComprehension(40min)SECTIONAREADINGCOMPREHENSION(30min)Inthissectiontherearefourreadingpassagesfollowedbyatotaloffifteenmultiple-choicequestions.Readthepassagescarefullyandthenm
24、arkyouranswersonyourColouredAnswerSheet.TEXTARiccisOperationColumbusRicci,45,isnowstrikingoutonperhapshisboldestventureyet.HeplanstomarketanEnglishlanguageeditionofhiselegantmonthlyartmagazine,FMR,intheUnitedStates.OnceagaintheskepticsaremurmuringthatthesuccessfulRiccihasheadedforabigfall.Andonceaga
25、inRicciintendstoprovethemwrong.RicciissoconfidentthathehaschristenedhisquestOperationColumbusandhassethissightsondiscoveringanAmericanreadershipof300,000.Thatgoalmaynotbetoofar-fetched.TheItalianeditionofFMRtheinitials,ofcourse,standforFrancoMariaRicci-isonly18monthsold.Butitisalreadythesecondlarges
26、tartmagazineintheworld,withacirculationof65,000andaprofitmarginofUS$500,000.TheAmericaneditionwillbepatternedaftertheItalianversion,witheach160-pageissuecarryingonly40pagesofadsandnomorethanfivearticles.Butthecontentswilloftendiffer.TheEnglish-languageeditionwillincludemoreAmericanworks,Riccisays,to
27、helpAmericansgetoveraninferioritycomplexabouttheirart.Healsohopesthatthemagazinewillbecomeavehicleforatwo-wayculturalexchangewhathelikestothinkofasamarriageofbrains,cultureandtastefrombothsidesoftheAtlantic.Torealizethisvision,Ricciismountingoneofthemostlavish,enterprisingandexpensive-promotionalcam
28、paignsinmagazinepublishinghistory.BetweenNovemberandJanuary,eightjumbojetswillfly8millioncopiesofasample16-pageeditionofFMRacrosstheAtlantic.FromawarehouseinMichigan,6.5millioncopieswillbemailedtoAmericansubscribersofvariouscultural,artandbusinessmagazines.Someoftheremainingcopieswillcirculateasaspe
29、cialSundaysupplementintheNewYorkTimes.ThecostoflaunchingOperationColumbusisastaggeringUS$5million,butRicciishopingthat60%ofthepricetagwillbefinancedbyItaliancorporations.TolandinAmericaColumbushadtouseSpanishsponsors,readsonesentenceinhispromotionalpamphlet.WewouldlikeItalians.LikeColumbus,Riccicann
30、otknowwhathisreceptionwillbeonforeignshores.InItalyhegambledandwononasimpleconcept:itismoreimportanttoshowartthantowriteaboutit.Hence,oneissueofFMRmightfeature32full-colourpagesof17th-centurytapestries,followedby14pagesofoutrageouseyeglasses.Heisgamblingthattheconceptisexportable.Idontexpectthatmore
31、than30%ofmyreader.willactuallyreadFMR,hesays.Themagazineissuchavisualdelightthattheydonthaveto.Still,heisliningupanimpressivestableofwritersandprofessorsfortheAmericanedition,includingNoamChomsky,AnthonyBurgess,EricJongandNormanMailer.Inaddition,heseemstobepursuinghiswoneclecticvisionwithoutgivingam
32、omentsthoughttosuchestablishedcompetitorsasConnosisseurandHorizon.TheAmericanscandoalmosteverythingbetterthanwecan,saysRicci,Butwe(theItalians)havea2,000yearedgeontheminart.16.RicciintendshisAmericaneditionofFMRtocarrymoreAmericanartworksinorderto_.A.boostAmericansconfidenceintheirartB.followthepatt
33、ernsetbyhisItalianeditionC.helpItaliansunderstandAmericanartbetterD.expandthereadershipofhismagazine17.RicciiscomparedtoColumbusinthepassagemainlybecause_.A.theybothbenefitedfromItaliansponsorsB.theywereexplorersintheirownwaysC.theyobtainedoverseassponsorshipD.theygotawarmreceptioninAmerica18.Wegett
34、heimpressionthattheAmericaneditionofFMRwillprobably_.A.carrymanyacademicarticlesofhighstandardB.followthestyleofsomefamousexistingmagazinesC.bemadbyonethirdofAmericanmagazinereadersD.pursueadistinctiveeditorialstyleofitsownTEXTBMymothersrelationswereverydifferentfromtheMitfords.Herbrother,UncleGeoff
35、,whooftencametostayatSwimbrook,wasasmallsparemanwiththoughtfulblueeyesandarathersilentmanner.ComparedtoUncleTommy,hewasanintellectualofthehighestorder,andindeedhissatiricalpenbeliedhismilddemeanor.HespentmostofhiswakinghourscomposingletterstoTheTimesandotherpublicationsinwhichheoutlinedhisownparticu
36、lartheoryofthedevelopmentofEnglishhistory.InUncleGeoffsview,thegreatnessofEnglandhadrisenandwanedoverthecenturiesindirectproportiontotheuseofnaturalmanureinfertilizingthesoil.TheBlackDeathof1348wascausedbygraduallossofthehumusfertilityfoundunderforesttrees.TheriseoftheElizabethanstwocenturieslaterwa
37、sattributabletothewidespreaduseofsheepmanure.ManyofUncleGeoffsletters-to-the-editorhavefortunatelybeenpreservedinaprivatelyprintedvolumecalledWritingsofaRebel.Ofthecollection,oneletterbestsumsuphisviewsontherelationshipbetweenmanureandfreedom.Hewrote:Collatingoldrecordsshowsthatourgreatnessrisesandf
38、allswiththelivingfertilityofoursoil.Andnow,manyyearsofexhaustedandchemicallymurderedsoil,andofdevitalizedfoodfromit,hassoftenedourbodiesandstillworse,softenedournationalcharacter.Itisanactualfactthatcharacterislargelyaproductofthesoil.Manyyearsofmurderedfoodfromdeadenedsoilhasmadeustootame.Chemicals
39、havehadtheirpoisonousday.ItisnowthewormsturntoreformthemanhoodofEngland.Theonlywaytoregainourpunch,ourcharacter,ourlostvirtues,andwiththemthefreedomnaturaltoislanders,istocompostourlandsoastoallowmoulds,bacteriaandearthwormstoremakelivingsoiltonourishEnglishmensbodiesandspirits.Thelawrequiringpasteu
40、rizationofmilkinEnglandwasaparticulartargetofUncleGeoffs.Fondofalliteration,hedubbeditMurderedMilkMeasure,andestablishedtheLibertyRestorationLeague,withheadquartersathishouseinLondon,forthespecificpurposeoforganizingacounteroffensive.FreedomnotDoctordomwastheLeaguesproudslogan.Asubsidiary,butneverth
41、elessimportant,activityoftheLeaguewasadvocacyofareturntotheunsplit,slowlysmokedfishandbreadmadewithEnglishstone-groundflour,yeast,milk,seasaltandrawcane-sugar.19.AccordingtoUncleGeoff,nationalstrengthcouldonlyberegainedby_.A.reformingthemanhoodofEnglandB.usingnaturalmanureasfertilizerC.eatingmorebac
42、teria-freefoodD.grantingmorefreedomtoEnglishmen20.Thetoneofthepassagecanmostprobablybedescribedas_.A.facetiousB.seriousC.nostalgicD.factualTEXTCInterviewSowhathavetheytaughtyouatcollegeaboutinterviews?Somecoursesgototownonit,othersdoverylittle.Youmaygetconflictingadvice.Onlyonethingiscertain:thekeyt
43、osuccessispreparation.Therefollowsomeusefulsuggestionsfromateachertrainingcoursecoordinator,aheadofdepartmentandaheadteacher.Astheyappeartobeincompleteharmonywithoneanotherdespiteneverhavingmet,wemaytaketheiradviceseriously.OxfordBrookesUniversitysapproachtothebusinessofapplicationandinterviewfocuse
44、sonresearchandrehearsal.TrainingcoursecoordinatorBrendaStevensspeaksofthevalueofgettingstudentstodeconstructtheadvertisement,seewhattheycanoffertothatschool,andthatsituation,andthenwritetheletter,dotheirCVsandcriticizeeachothers.Finally,theyroleplayinterviewerandinterviewee.Thisissterlingstuff,andBr
45、ookesstudentsspendacoupleofweeksonit.Thebetterpreparedstudentswontbethrownbynervesontheday,saysMsStevens.Theyllhavetheirstrategiesandquestionsworkedout.Shealsosays,atrifledisconcertingly,thebetterthestudent,theworsetheinterviewee.Shebelievesthemostcapablestudentsarelessabletoputthemselvesforward.Eve
46、nifthisweretree,saysMsStevens,youmuststillmakeyourowncase.Bewareofinfernality,sheadvises.Oneaspirantteacher,nowaheadofdepartmentatasmartsecondaryschool,failedhisfirstjobinterviewbecausehetookhisjacketoffwhilewaitingforhisappointment.Itwashotandeveryoneinthestaffroomwasinshirtsleevesbutattheendofthed
47、aytheycriticizedhiscasualattitude,whichtheyhaddeducedfromthefactthathetookhisjacketoffinthestaffroom,eventhoughheputitbackonfortheinterview.Incidentally,menreallydohavetowearasuittotheinterviewandwomenreallycannotwearjeans,evenifmenneverwearthesuitagainandwomenteachmostdaysinjeans.Panelsrespondinstantlytotheseindicators.Butbeware:itwillnotpleasethemanybetterifyouaretoosmart.Findoutaboutthepeoplewhowilltalktoyou.Intheearlymeetingstheyarelikelytobeheadsofdepartmentsorheadsofyear.Ofte