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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上2014年6月英语四级考试仔细阅读模拟题1 It is hard to predict howscience is going to turn out, and if it is really good science it is impossibleto predict. If the things to be found are actually new, they are by definitionunknown in advance. You cannot make choices in this matter. You either havescience
2、or you dont, and if you have it you are obliged to accept thesurprising and disturbing pieces of information, along with the neat andpromptly useful bits.The only solid piece ofscientific truth about which I feel totally confident is that we are profoundlyignorant about nature. Indeed, I regard this
3、 as the major discovery of the pasthundred years of biology. It is, in its way, an illuminating (启发) piece of news.It would have amazed the brightest minds of the 18th century Enlightenment (启蒙运动) to be told byany of us how little we know and how bewildering (迷惑) seems the wayahead. It is this sudde
4、n confrontation (对抗) with the depth and scopeof ignorance that represents the most significant contribution of the 20th centuryscience to the human intellect. In earlier times, we either pretended tounderstand how things worked or ignored the problem, or simply made up storiesto fill the gaps. Now t
5、hat we have begun exploring in earnest, we are gettingglimpses of how huge the questions are, and how far from being answered.Because of this, we are depressed. It is not so bad being ignorant if you aretotally ignorant; the hard thing is knowing in some detail the reality ofignorance, the worst spo
6、ts and here and there the not-so-bad spots, but no truelight at the end of the tunnel nor even any tunnels that can yet be trusted.But we are making abeginning, and there ought to be some satisfaction. There are probably noquestions we can think up that cant be answered, sooner or later, includingev
7、en the matter of consciousness. To be sure, there may well be questions wecant think up, ever, and therefore limits to the reach of human intellect, butthat is another matter. Within our limits, we should be able to work our waythrough to all our answers, if we keep at it long enough, and pay attent
8、ion.1. It can be inferred from the passage thatscientists of the 18th century .A) thought that they knew a great deal andcould solve most problems of scienceB) wereafraid of facing up to the realities of scientific researchC) knew thatthey were ignorant and wanted to know more about natureD) did mor
9、eharm than good in promoting mans understanding of nature2. According to the author, really good science_ . A) wouldsurprise the brightest minds of the 18th century EnlightenmentB) willproduce results which cannot be foreseenC) will helppeople to make the right choice in advanceD) willbring about di
10、sturbing results 3. Which of thefollowing statemcnts is NOT true of scientists in earlier times? A) Theyinvented false theories to explain things they didnt understand.B) Theyfalsely claimed to know all about nature.C) They didnot believe in results from scientific observation.D) They paidlittle att
11、ention to the problems they didnt understand.4. The authorbelieves that _ .A) man canfind solutions to whatever questions concerning nature he can think upB) man can not solve all the problems he canthink up because of the limits of human intellectC) sooner or later man canthink up all the questions
12、 concerning nature and answer them D)questions concerningconsciousness are outside the scope of scientific research 5. What is theauthors attitude towards science?A) He isdepressed because of the ignorance of scientists.B) He isdoubtful because of the enormous difficulties confronting it.C) He is co
13、nfidentthough he is aware of the enormous difficulties confronting it.D) He is delighted because of theilluminating scientific findings.1.A 推理题，答题依据在本文第2段前半部分。这一部分提到，我们对自然界所知甚少，作者认为这是过去一百年以来生物学的重大发现。从这一方面讲，这是一个具有启发意义的消息。如果18世纪最聪明的启蒙运动者被告知我们现在是多么无知，多么对人类的未来感到茫然，他一定会惊讶不已。由此可以推断，他们当时自认为所知很多，能够解决大部分的科学问
14、题。 2.B 推理题，答题依据在本文第1句：科学的前景如何?这个问题实难预测。如果是真正的科学，就不能进行预测。 3.C 设题区在第2段后半部分。A、B、D项在该部分都有涉及，只有C项没有提到。 4.A 推理题，依据见末段第2句：只要是人们能想到的问题，迟早都会得到解答。B项的意思是，由于人的智力有限，他并非能解决他能够想到的所有问题，这与原文意思不符。 5.C 作者对科学所持的态度可以从本文最后两句看出来：虽然他意识到科学面临着巨大的困难，但还是很有信心。 做完这篇仔细阅读模拟题后，大家总结出来这类题的做题技巧了吗？其实每道题的答案都在文中可以直接找到，注意偷换概念的词语，仔细把握就可以了。
15、2014年6月英语四级考试仔细阅读模拟题2I found out one time that doing a favor for someone could get you into a lot of trouble. I was in the eighth grade at the time, and we were having a final test. During the test, the girl sitting next to me whispered something, but I didnt understand. So I leaned over her way and
16、 found out that she was trying to ask me if I had an extra pen. She showed me that hers was out of ink and would not write. I happened to have an extra one, so I took it out of my pocket and put it on her desk.Later, after the test papers had been turned in, the teacher asked me to stay in the room
17、when all the other students were dismissed(解散). As soon as we were alone she began to talk to me about what it meant to grow up; she talked about how important it was to stand on your own two feet and be responsible (负责任) for your own acts. For a long time, she talked about honesty and emphasized(强调
18、) the fact that when people do something dishonest, they are really cheating(欺骗) themselves. She made me promise that I would think seriously(认真地) about all the things she had said, and then she told me I could leave. I walked out of the room wondering why she had chosen to talk to me about all thos
19、e things.Later on, I found out that she thought I had cheated on the test. When she saw me lean over to talk to the girl next to me, it looked as if I was copying answers from the girls test paper. I tried to explain about the pen, but all she could say was it seemed very very strange to her that I
20、hadnt talked of anything about the pen the day she talked to me right after the test. Even if I tried to explain that I was just doing the girl a favor by letting her use my pen, I am sure she continued(继续) to believe that I had cheated on the test1. The girl wanted to borrow a pen, because _ .A. sh
21、e had not brought a pen with herB. she had lost her own on her way to schoolC. there was something wrong with her own D. her own had been taken away by someone2. The story took place(发生) exactly _ .A. in the teachers office B. in an exam roomC. in the school D. in the language lab3. The teacher saw
22、all this, so she asked the boy _ .A. to go on writing his paper B. to stop whisperingC. to leave the room immediately D. to stay behind after the exam4. The boy knew everything _ .A. the moment he was asked to stay behind B. when the teacher started talking about honestyC. only some time later D. wh
23、en he was walking out of the room5. The thing(s) emphasized in her talk was(were) _ .A. honesty B. sense of duty C. seriousness D. all of the above答案解析1.C由“She showed me that hers was out of ink and would not write.”可知她的笔坏了。 2. B 故事发生在考试进行期间，故选B。3.D 由“Later, after the test papers had been turned in,
24、 the teacher asked me to stay in the room”可知考完试后，老师让他留下(stay behind)。4.C 由最一段“Later on”可知 。5.A 由“. For a long time, she talked about honesty and emphasized(强调)”可知老师反复强调的就是cheat的反面诚实(honesty)。做完这篇四级阅读模拟练习后，考生不要忘记抄下自己不会的词汇语法，以便课下复习。2014年6月英语四级考试仔细阅读模拟题3Everyday we go to school and listen to the teache
25、r, and the teacher will ask us some questions. Sometimes, the classmates will ask your opinions of the work of the class. When you are telling others in the class what you have found out about these topics, remember that they must be able to hear what you are saying. You are not taking part in a fam
26、ily conversation or having a chat(闲谈)with friendsyou are in a slightly unnatural situation where a large group of people will remain silent, waiting to hear what you have to say. You must speak so that they can hear youloudly enough and clearly enough but without trying to shout of appearing to forc
27、e yourself. Remember, too, that it is the same if you are called to an interview whether it is with a professor of your school or a government official who might meet you. The person you are seeing will try to put you at your ease(轻松)but the situation is somewhat(一点儿)different from that of an ordina
28、ry conversation. You must take special care that you can be heard.1.Usually, when you speak to the class, the class is _.A.noisy B.quiet C.having a rest D.serious2.When you speak to the class, you should speak _.A.as loudly as possible B.in a low voiceC.loudly D.forcefully 3.The situation in the cla
29、ss is _ that in your house.A.not very different from B.sometimes the same asC.sometimes not the same as D.not the same as4.The main idea of this passage is _.A.that we must use different ways at different situationsB.that we must speak loudlyC.that we must keep silent at any timeD.that we must talk
30、with the class1.5. If you are having a conversation with an official, the most important thing for you is _.A.to show your ability B.to be very gentleC. to make sure that you can be heard D.to put the official at ease答案解析1.B。细节理解题。从文中的where a large group of people will remain silent，可见B项为正确答案。 这里的si
31、lent与选项中的quiet同义，均意为“安静”。 2.C。细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的：You must speak so that they can hear youloudly enough and clearly enough but without trying to shout or appearing to force yourself. 可以看出C项为正确答案，而A、B、D三项均与这句话意义不符，可排除。3.D。事实判断题。文章第一段告诉我们：在班上讲话不同于在家中谈话或闲聊，当有一大群人安静下来，等待你的讲话时，你会感到有点不自然，由此可见，D项为最佳选项。4.A。纵观全文
32、，不难得出这样一个结论：在不同的场合应采取不同的说话方式，A项正有此意，故选之。5.C。文章最后一句：You must take special care that you can be heard.你应特别注意你会被别人听到。很清楚地交代了答案应选C项。这里take special care意为“特别注意，特别重视”。 做完这篇阅读模拟试题后，大家应该已经慢慢总结出来自己的学习方法了，这对大家考试的发挥也很有帮助，希望每一位考生都能顺利过关！2014年6月英语四级考试仔细阅读模拟题4 “With the increase in the number of such advertisement
33、s, however, each advertiser within a certain group is competing with others in the same group for the readers attention”，故选项D正确。 Psychologists take opposing views of how external rewards, from warm praise to old cash, affect motivation and creativity. Behaviorists, who study the relation between act
34、ions and, argue that rewards can improve performance at work and school. Some other researchers who study various aspects of mental life, maintain those rewards often destroy creativity by encouraging dependence on approval and gifts from others.The latter view has gained many supporters, especially
35、 among educators. But the careful use of small monetary rewards sparks in grade-school children suggesting that properly presented inducements indeed aid inventiveness, according to a study in the June Journal Personality and Social Psychology.“If they know theyre working for a reward and can focus
36、on a relatively challenging task, they show the most creativity,” says Robert Esenberger of the University of Delaware in Newark. “But its easy to kill creativity by giving rewards for poor performance or creating too much anticipation for rewards.”A teacher who continually draws attention to reward
37、s or who hands out high grades for ordinary achievement ends up with uninspired students, Esenberger holds. As an example of the latter point, he notes growing efforts at major universities to tighten grading standards and restore falling grades.In earlier grades, the use of so-called token economic
38、s, in which students handle challenging problems and receive performance-based points toward valued rewards, shows promise in raising effort and creativity, the Delaware psychologist claims.1. Psychologists are divided with regard to their attitudes toward _.A) the choice between spiritual encourage
39、ment and monetary rewardsB) the appropriate amount of external rewardsC) the study of relationship between actions andD) the effects of external rewards on students performance2. What is the view held by many educators concerning external rewards for students?A) They approve of external rewards.B) T
40、hey dont think external rewards.C) They have doubts about external rewards.D) They believe external rewards can motivate small children, but not college students.3. According to the result of the study mentioned in the passage, what should educators do to stimulate motivation and creativity?A) Give
41、rewards for performances which deserve them.B) Always promise rewards.C) Assign tasks which are not very challenging.D) Be more lenient to students when mistakes are made.4. It can be inferred from the passage that major universities are trying to tighten their grading standards because they believe
42、 _.A) rewarding poor performance may kill the creativity of studentsB) punishment is more effective than rewardingC) failing uninspired students helps improve their overall academic standardsD) discouraging the students anticipation for easy rewards is matter of urgency5.Which of the following facts
43、 about “token economics” is not correct?A) Students are assigned challenging tasks.B) Rewards are given for good performances.C) Students are evaluated according to the effort they put into the task.D) With token economics, students creativity can be enhanced.答案与解析：1. D心理学家认为外界的奖励对学生会有不同的影响。事实辨析题。根据
44、文章第一句话“Psychologists take opposing views of how external re wards, from warm praise to old cash, affect motivation and creativity”可知，心理学家的分歧在于来自外界的奖励对学生的积极性和创造性究竟有什么影响，故选项D正确.2. C许多教育家对外界的奖励持怀疑态度。文章第二段第一句话提到，后一种观点得到了许多教育工作者的支持，从第一段中可知，后一种观点是：奖励会促使学生对别人的赞许和馈赠产生依赖心理，因此奖励会破坏创造精神。由此可知，他们对奖励的正面作用持怀疑态度。故选
45、项C正确。3. A根据文中的研究结果表明，教育家通过给予学生应得的奖励来提高他们的积极性和创造性。文章第三段指出，给予学生恰当的奖励，可使他们发挥更大的创造性，但如果对糟糕的表现也给予奖励，或让学生对奖励有太多的期许，反而会扼杀创造性。故选项A正确。4. B从文中可以得知，一些重点大学试图加强等级标准，因为他们相信惩罚比奖励更有效。事实辨析题。从文中第四段可知，许多大学之所以严格考试的评分标准，是因为“A teacher . who hands out high grades for ordinary achievement ends up with uninspired students”。
46、选项B 与此意相同。 5. C根据学生的表现对他们做出评价。事实辨析题。根据最后一段的意思，在这种奖励制度下，要根据学生的表现对他们做出评价，而不仅仅是他们花费了多少精力来完成任务，故选项C正确。 以上四级阅读模拟题做完后，考生要记得课下复习自己不懂的知识点哦，希望大家考试的时候可以用得上。2014年6月英语四级考试仔细阅读模拟题5 There are people in Italy who cant stand soccer. Not all Canadians love hockey. A similar situation exists in America, where there a
47、re those individuals you may be one of them who yawn or even frown when somebody mentions baseball. Baseball to them means boring hours watching grown men in funny tight outfits standing around in a field staring away while very little of anything happens. They tell you its a game better suited to the 19th century, slow, quiet, gentlemanly. These are the same people you may be one of them who love football because theres the sport that glorifies “the hit”.By contrast, baseball seems abstract, cool, silent, still.On TV the game is fractured into a dozen perspectives, rep