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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上被 动 语 态 一、语态概述 英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。巧记为：主动、主动、主去动。 例如：Many people speak English. 谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。巧记为：被动、被动、主被动。例如：English is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。 We Visited that factory last summer 主动语态
2、主语 谓语 宾语 状语That factory was visited by us last summer 被动语态 主语 谓语 宾语 状语 二、被动语态的构成 被动语态由“助动词be及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以teach为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。 一般现在时：amisaretaught 一般过去时：wasweretaught 一般将来时：willshall betaught 现在进行时：amisare beingtaught 过去进行时：havehas beentaught 现在完成时：havehas beentaught 歌诀是：
3、被动语态be字变，过去分词跟后面。 三、被动语态的用法 (1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。 例如： Some new computers were stolen last night. 一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。(不知道电脑是谁偷的) This book was published in 1981.这本书出版于1981年。 (2)强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。 例如：the window was broken by Mike.窗户是迈克打破的。 This book was written by him.这本书是他写的。 Eight hours per day for slee
4、p must be guaranteed.每天8小时睡眠必须得到保证。 歌诀：谁做的动作不知道，说出谁做的没有必要； 动作承受者需强调，被动语态运用到。 四、主动语态变被动语态的方法 (1)把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。 (2)把谓语变成被动结构(be过去分词) (根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式)。 (3)把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。例如： We Visited that factory last summer 主动语态主语 谓语 宾语 状语That factory was visited by us l
5、ast summer 被动语态 主语 谓语 宾语 状语 歌诀是：宾变主，主变宾，by字短语后面跟。 谓语动词变被动，be后“过分”来使用。 五、被动语态的特殊结构： 1、 含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由“情态动词be过去分词”构成，原来带to的情态动词变成被动语态后“to”仍要保留。 歌诀是：情态动词变动，情态加be加“过分”，原来带to要保留。例如： We can repair this watch in two days. This watch can be repaired in two days.2、 有些动词可以有两个宾语，在用于被动结构时，可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语，
6、另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。通常变为主语的是间接宾语。例His mother gave him a present for his birthday. 可改为 He was given a present by his mother for his birthday. 口诀：如遇双宾语，最好变间宾。 如若变直宾，be done后加to(或for) 3、在使役动词have, make, get以及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时，在主动结构中不定式to要省略，但变为被动结构时，要加to。例Someone saw a s
7、tranger walk into the building. 可改为A stranger was seen to walk into the building.口诀：感使动词真叫怪，to来to去记心怀，主动语态to离去，被动语态to回来。4、 有些相当于及物动词的动词词组，如“动词介词”，“动词副词”等，也可以用于被动结构，但要把它们看作一个整体，不能分开。其中的介词或副词也不能省略。例The meeting is to be put off till Friday.5、在need，want，require, bear等词的后面，动名词用主动形式表示被动意义，其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式
8、。例The house needs repairing（to be repaired）这房子需要修理。被 动 语 态 练 习 题 ( ) 1 The Peoples Republic of China _ on October 1, 1949.A. found B. was founded C. is founded D. was found( ) 2 English _ in Canada.A. speaks B. are spoken C. is speaking D. is spoken( )3 This English song_ by the girls after class.A.
9、 often sings B. often sang C. is often sang D. is often sung( ) 4 This kind of car _ in Japan.A, makes B. made C. is making D. is made( ) 5 New computers _ all over the world.A. is used B. are using C. are used D. have used( ) 6 Our room must _ clean.A. keep B. be kept C. to be kept D. to keep( ) 7
10、-Id like to buy that coat.-Im sorry. _. A. it sold B. its selling C. Its been sold D. it had been sold( )8A new house _ at the corner of the road.A. is building B. is being built C. been built D. be building( ) 9 The key _ on the table when I leave.A. was left B. will be left C. is left D. has been
11、left( ) 10 Doctors _ in every part of the world.A. need B. are needing C. are needed D. will need( )11 His new book_ next month.A.will be publishedB. is publishing C. is being publishedD. has been published( ) 12 Japanese _ in every country.A. is not spoken B. are spoken C. is speaking D. is not spe
12、aking( ) 13 These papers_yet.A.have not written B. have not been writtenC. has not written D. has not been written( ) 14 The sports meet _ be held until next week.A. didnt B. wont C. isnt D. doesnt( ) 15 -My shoes are worn out.A. Cant they be mended? B. Let me have a look at it.C. How much do they c
13、ost? D. Cant they mended?( ) 16 _ the watch been repaired yet? I badly need it.A. Does B. Has C. Is D. Are( ) 17_ these desks be needed?A. Will B. Are C. Has D. Do( ) 18 Why _ to talk about it yesterday?A. didnt a meeting hold B. wasnt a meeting heldC. wasnt held a meeting D. a meeting wasnt held( )
14、 19 Who was the book_?A. write B. wrote C. written D. written by( ) 20 Where _ these boxesA. was B. were C. is D. am( )21 The flowers_often.A. must be water B. must be watered C. must watered D. must water( ) 22 The books may_ for two weeks.A. be kept B. be borrowed C. keep D. borrow( ) 23 The broke
15、n bike_ here by Mr Smith.A. can mend B. can mended C. can be mend D. can be mended( ) 24 The old bridge in my hometown_ next month.A.is going to be rebuilt B. will rebuiltC. are going to be rebuilt D. are going to rebuilt( ) 25 The play _ at the theatre next Sunday.A. is going to be shown B. will sh
16、ownC. will show D. is shown( ) 26 The old stone bridge _ next week.A.is going to be rebuilt B. will be rebuildC. are going to be rebuilt D. will rebuild( )27Now these magazines_ in the library for a long time.A. have kept B. are keeping C. have been keeping D. have been kept( ) 28The pot _ for _ hot
17、 water.A.used; keeping B. was used; keepingC. is used; to keep D. are used; keep( )29Tea _ in the south of China.A. grows B. is grown C. were grown D. will grow( ) 30 The bridges_ two years ago.A. is built B. built C. were built D. was built( ) 31 Wet clothes are often _ up near a fire in rainy weat
18、her.A. hang B. hanged C. hanging D. hung( )32 The river smells terrible. People must _ dirty things into it.A. be stopped to throw B. be stopped from throwingC. stop to throw D. stop from throwing( ) 33 The teapot _ water.A. is filled with B. filled of C. fulling of D. filled( ) 34Old people must be
19、 looked after well and _ politely.A. speak to B. spoken C. speak D. spoken to( ) 35 Old people must _.A. look after well B. be looked well afterC. looked well after D. be looked after well( ) 36 Newly-born babies_in hospital.A. are taken good care B. are taken good care ofC. take good care of D. tak
20、e good care( )37 They were_ at the sudden noise.A. frightening B. frightened C. frighten D. frightens( ) 38These walls_stone.A.are made ofB. made of C. are made intoD. made into( ) 39 Jane _ to sing us an American song last Saturday.A. called B. was asked C. told D. was said( )40 The papers _ to the
21、m.A. were shown B. show C. shown / D. have shown( ) 41 The coat_her sister.A. made to B. were made for C. was made for D. was made to( ) 42 I_ five minutes to decide whether I should go or not.A. gave B. was giving C. had given D. was given( ) 43 Good care_such things.A.should take of B. should be t
22、akenC. should be taking D. should be taken of( ) 44She will_good care_.A. take; of B. be taken; of C. take; for you D. be taken; of you( )45The teacher made him_ his homework.A. to do B. do C. did D. done( ) 46 The boy_ streets without pay in the old days.A. was made to clean B. made clean C. made t
23、o clean D. was made clean( ) 47 These children_dance.A. were seen to B. were seen for C. were seen D. saw to( ) 48 Thesestones_well.A. are fitted B. fit C. fits D. is fitted( )49 The bike _ 500 yuan.A. was cost B. costed C. cost D. is costed( )50 The important meeting _ on a cold morning last year.A
24、. was had B. was held C. held D. had( ) 51 Great changes_ in the past ten years in China.A. took place B. have taken place C. were taking place D. hadtaken place( ) 52 You cant use the computer, it_.A. was broken down B. is wrong C. is bad D. has broken down( ) 53 Great changes_in our country during
25、 the past 20 years.A.have happened B. happenedC. have been happened D. were happened( ) 55 The watch has often _ down.A. sat B. lain C. broken D. fell( ) 56 Please pass me another cup. This one_.A. is broken B. is breaking C. broke D. broken( ) 57 The story books_ by the writer in the 1960s.A. are w
26、ritten B. were written C. are writing D. were writing( ) 58 What time _ the door _ every day?A. does; closed B. does; close C. is; closed D. /; close( )59 Can he_himself?A. get dress B. get dressed C. gets dressed D. instead of( )60 He fell from his bike and _.A. is hurt B. gets hurt C. got hurt D. hurtKey:1-5 BDDDC 610 BCBBC 11-15AABBA 16-20BABDB 21-25BADAA26-30ADBBC 31-35DBADD 36-40BBABA 41-45CDDBB46-50AAACB 51-55DDACA 56-60BCBCC专心-专注-专业