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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上1. 中国文化 Chinese culture2. 艺术及工艺 arts and crafts3. 版画 engraving 4. 贝雕画 shell carving picture5. 彩塑painted sculpture6. 瓷器porcelain; china7. 刺绣embroidery8. 苏绣 Suzhou embroidery9. 雕刻carving10. 书法 calligraphy11. 宫灯palace lantern12. 国画Chinese painting13. 剪纸paper-cutting14. 景德镇瓷Jingdezhen porce
2、lain15. 景泰蓝cloisonn enamel16. 蜡染batik17. 麦秸画straw patchwork18. 木/石/竹刻 wood/stone/bamboo carving19. 木刻画wood engraving20. 泥人儿clay figure21. 皮影shadow puppet22. 漆画lacquer painting23. 漆器lacquer ware24. 双面绣two-sided embroidery25. 檀香扇sandalwood fan26. 唐三彩Tang tri-colored pottery27. 陶器pottery; earthenware28
3、. 图章seal29. 拓片rubbing30. 微雕miniature engraving31. 象牙雕刻 ivory carving32. 宜兴陶Yixing pottery33. 篆刻seal cutting34. 中国结 Chinese knot35. 水墨画Chinese brush drawing ; ink and wash painting36. 拓碑 making rubbings from inscriptions, pictures , etc . on stone tablets37. 戏剧表演 theatrical performances38. 京剧人物脸谱type
4、s of facial makeup in Peking opera39. 生male characters 40. 旦female characters41. 净“painted face” characters 42. 末middle-aged male characters 43. 丑clown44. 京剧票友amateur performer of Peking opera45. 秦腔 Qin opera46. 川剧 Sichuan opera47. 木偶戏puppet show 48. 独角戏monodrama; one-man play49. 皮影戏 shadow play; le
5、ather-silhouette show50. 折子戏opera highlights 51. 戏剧小品skit 52. 哑剧dumb show ; mime ; mummery ; pantomime 53. 单口相声monologue comic talk 54. 双口相声witty dialogue 55. 口技 vocal imitations ; ventriloquism 56. 说书 monologue story-telling57. 杂技 acrobatic performance 58. 叠罗汉 making a human pyramid 59. 特技 stunt60.
6、 睬高跷 stilt walk 61. 马戏circus performances62. 神话人物mythological figures63. 八仙 the Eight Immortals 64. 嫦娥Changs (the Chinese moon goddess)65. 伏羲Fu Xi (God of Fishery and Husbandry)66. 福禄寿三星the three gods of fortune, prosperity and longevity 67. 共工God of Water 68. 后羿Houyi (a legendary hero who shot down
7、 nine suns )69. 黄帝Yellow Emperor 70. 夸父Kuafu (a fabled sun-chasing giant )71. 女娲 Goddess of Sky-patching72. 盘古 Pan Gu (creator of the universe )73. 神农 Patron of Agriculture 74. 禹 Yu (the reputed founder of the Xia Dynasty )75. 祝融 God of Fire76. 古代建筑 ancient architecture 77. 塔（佛教） pagoda 78. 琉璃塔 glaz
8、ed stupa79. 舍利塔 dagoba ; sarira stupa ( a pagoda for Buddhist relics )80. 舍利子 sarira remains from cremation of Buddhas of saintsbody 81. 喇叭塔 Lamaist pagoda82. 楼 storied buildings 83. 钟楼 bell tower 84. 鼓楼 drum tower 85. 阁 pavilion 86. 烽火台beacon tower 87. 华表 ornamental column88. 牌坊 memorial archway89.
9、 装饰艺术decorative arts90. 旗袍 cheongsam91. 中山装 Chinese tunic suit92. 传统节日 traditional festivals 93. 国庆节 National Day 94. 中秋节 Mia-Autumn Festival 95. 春节 Spring Festival 96. 元宵节 Lantern Festival 97. 儿童节 Children s Day 98. 端午节 Dragon Boat Festival 99. 妇女节 Women s Day 100. 泼水节 Water-Splashing Day 101. 五四青年
10、节 Youth Day 102. 拜年 paying a New Year call 103. 爆竹 firecracker 104. 鞭炮 a string of small firecrackers 105. 除夕 New Year s Eve 106. 春联Spring Festival couplets (conveying best wishes for the year )107. 辞旧迎新 bid farewell to the old and usher in the new ; ring out the old year and ring in the new 108. 大扫
11、除 year-end household cleaning 109. 灯谜 lantern riddles 110. 登高 hill climbing 111. 端午节 Dragon Boat Festival 112. 恭喜发财 May you be prosperous! / Wish you all the best!113. 观灯 viewing the lanterns 114. 贺年片 New Year film 115. 饺子 dumplings (with meat and vegetable stuffing )116. 龙灯舞 dragon lantern dance 11
12、7. 庙会 temple fair 118. 年画 New Year picture 119. 年夜饭 family reunion dinner on Lunar New Years Eve 120. 清明节 Tomb-sweeping Festival 121. 扫墓 paying respect to the dead 122. 赏菊 enjoying chrysanthemum 123. 赏月 enjoying the full moon 124. 狮子舞 lion dance125. 压岁钱 lucky money, money given to children as a Luna
13、r New Year gift126. 秧歌舞 yangge dance 127. 元宵 sweet rice-flour dumplings (eaten on the Lantern Festival )128. 月饼 moon cake 129. 植树节 Tree-planting Day 130. 中秋节 Mid-autumn Festival 131. 重阳节 Double Ninth Festival 132. 粽子 a pyramid-shaped dumpling made of glutinous rice wrapped in bamboo or reed leaves 1
14、33. 烹饪 culinary arts134. 馄饨 wonton 135. 馒头 steamed bread/ Chinese bread136. 花卷 steamed twisted rolls 137. 套餐 set meal 138. 盒饭 box lunch; Chinese take-away 139. 米豆腐 rice tofu 140. 魔芋豆腐 konjak tofu 141. 米粉 rice noodles 142. 冰糖葫芦 a stick of sugar-coated haws (or apples, etc.) 143. 粉丝 glass noodles 144.
15、 豆腐脑jellied bean curd 145. 美食节 gourmet festival 146. 中餐烹饪 Chinese cuisine 147. 色，香，味俱全 perfect combination of color , aroma , taste and appearance 148. 四大菜系：山东菜，四川菜，粤菜，扬州菜 four major Chinese cuisines: Shandong cuisine, Sichuan cuisine, Canton cuisine and Yangzhou cuisine149. 南淡北咸，东甜西辣 the light sout
16、hern cuisine, and the salty northern cuisine; the sweet eastern cuisine, and the spicy western cuisine150. 八宝菜 eight-treasure pickles ( assorted walnut meats, asparagus, lettuce , almonds , cucumber and peanuts , etc . pickled in soy sauce )151. 八宝饭 eight-treasure rice pudding (glutinous rice steame
17、d with preserved fruits , sweetened bean paste , lotus seeds , longan , etc.)152. 白斩鸡 tender boiled chicken (made by boiling a whole chicken in water and cutting into cubes , then dipping into seasonings )153. 臭豆腐 odd-odour bean curb154. 粉蒸肉 pork streamed with rice flour 155. 风味小吃 local delicacy156.
18、 腐竹 rolls of dried bean milk cream 157. 冷盘 hors d oeuvres158. 刀切，火候 Cutting and Slicing Techniques , Heat Control 159. 切片 slicing 160. 切条 cutting to strips 161. 切丝 shredding 162. 切柳 filleting 163. 切丁 dicing 164. 切碎 mincing 165. 磨碎 grinding 166. 大/旺/武火 strong heat 167. 中火 medium heat 168. 小/微/文火 gent
19、le heat 169. 烹饪方法 Cooking Techniques 170. 煎 pan-frying 171. 炒 stir-frying 172. 爆 quick-frying 173. 炸 deep-frying 174. 烩 stewing 175. 熏 smoking 176. 煨 simmering 177. 煮 boiling 178. 烘 baking 179. 烤 roasting 180. 蒸 steaming 181. 红烧 braising (with soy sauce )182. 涮羊肉 dip-boiled mutton slices 183. 羊肉串小摊
20、mutton barbecue stall 184. 宗教 religions 185. 佛教 Buddhism186. 释迦牟尼 Sakyamuni187. 佛寺 Buddhist temple 188. 大雄宝殿 the Great Buddhas Hall189. 藏经楼 depositary of Buddhist texts190. 金刚经 Vajracchedika-sutra 191. 素菜馆 vegetarian restaurant 192. 罗汉堂 arhat hall 193. 观音Guanyin; Goddess of Mercy; Avalokitesvara 194
21、. 地藏 God of Earth 195. 四大金刚 Four Heavenly Guardians (at the entrance to a Buddhism temple);Four Devarajas 196. 四大天王 Four Heavenly Kings 197. 因果报应 karma198. 藏传佛教 Lamaism199. 大藏经 Tripitaka200. 转世灵童 reincarnated soul boy201. 喇嘛庙 lamasery 202. 道教 Taoism203. 道观 Taoist temple 204. 道士 Taoist priest 205. 关帝
22、庙 temple of Lord Guan206. 儒教 Confucianism207. 孔子庙 Confucian temple 208. 孔子 Confucius 209. 义，礼，智，信，忠，恕，孝，悌rightness, propriety , wisdom , trustworthiness , loyalty , reciprocity ,filial piety , brotherly love 210. 五行 the five elements211. 金 mental212. 木 wood213. 水 water214. 火 fire215. 土 earth216. 学儿优
23、则仕 A good scholar can become an official ./ He who excels in study can follow an official career .217. 禅宗 Zen Buddhism 218. 不立别传，不立文字，直指人心，见性成佛。There belief is passed on outside the religion. There is no reliance on written scripts. It goes straight into peoples minds . One becomes a Buddha the mome
24、nt. He sees his own Buddha nature .219. 伊斯兰教 Islam220. 清真寺 mosques 221. 古兰经 the Koran 222. 耶稣教 Christianity223. 耶稣基督 Jesus Christ 224. 洗礼 baptism 225. 天主教 Catholicism 226. 天主教堂 Catholic church 227. 古代典籍 Famous Ancient Books 228. 春秋 The Spring and Autumn Annals 229. 史记 Historical Records 230. 诗经 The
25、Book of Songs 231. 书经 The Book of History 232. 易经 The Book of Changes 233. 礼记 The Book of Rites 234. 四书： The Four Books:235. 大学 The Great Learning 236. 中庸 The Doctrine of the Mean 237. 论语 The Analects of Confucius238. 孟子 The Mencius239. 山海经 The Classic of Mountains and Rivers 240. 本草纲目 Compendium of
26、 Materia Medica241. 神农本草经 Shen Nong s Herbal Classic242. 针灸 acupuncture243. 推拿 medical massage244. 切脉 feel the pulse245. 资治通鉴History Retold as a Mirror for Rulers246. 西厢记The Romance of West Chamber247. 聊斋志异 Strange Tales of a Lonely Studio 248. 四大名著 Chinas four great classical novels249. 红楼梦 Dream o
27、f the Red Mansions; The story of the Stone 250. 三国演义The Romance of the Three Kingdoms251. 水浒传 Heroes of the Marshes ; Water Margins 252. 西游记Pilgrimage to the West 253. 七十二般变化seventy-two different forms 254. 金箍棒golden cudgel255. 弼马温the Protector of the Horses256. 五行山Five Elements Mountain257. 都江堰Duji
28、ang Weir258. 河伯River Uncle259. 雷公 the Thunder God 260. 象形文字pictograph261. 孙子兵法The Art of War 262. 九寨沟 Jiuzhaigou Valley263. 日月潭 Sun-moon Lake 264. 布达拉宫the Potala Palace265. 乐山大佛the Giant Stone Buddha at Leshan Mountain266. 六艺：礼，乐，射，御，书，数six classical arts: rites , music , archery , riding , writing
29、, arithmetic 267. 朦胧诗 misty poetry 268. 三字经 three-character scripture 269. 武侠小说 tales of roving knights; martial arts novel ; a kung fu novel270. 言情小说romantic fiction ; sentimental novel271. 八股文eight-part essay; stereotyped writing 272. 五言绝句five-character quatrain273. 七言律诗seven-character octave274.
30、中国历史 Chinese history275. 旧石器时代 the Paleolithic Period/ the Old Stone Age276. 新石器时代 the Neolithic Age277. 母系氏族社会 matriarchal clan society 278. 封建制度feudal system279. 朝代dynasty280. 秦朝 Qin Dynasty281. 汉朝 Han Dynasty282. 唐朝 Tang Dynasty283. 宋朝 Song Dynasty284. 元朝Yuan dynasty285. 明朝 Ming dynasty286. 清朝Qin
31、g dynasty287. 皇帝，君主emperor, monarch288. 秦始皇First Emperor of Qin/ Emperor Qing Shi Huang289. 皇太后 empress dowager290. 汉高祖刘邦 Liu Bang (founder of the Han dynasty)291. 成吉思汗 Genghis Khan292. 春秋时期Spring and Autumn period293. 战国时期the Warring States Period 294. 文成公主Princess Wencheng 295. 慈禧太后empress dowager
32、 cixi296. 诸侯vassal 297. 皇妃imperial concubine298. 宰相 prime minister in feudal China299. 太监 eunuch300. 少数民族 minority nationality301. 祭祀 offer sacrifices to gods or ancestors302. 西域 the Western Regions303. 士大夫 literati and officialdom (in feudal China)304. 学者 scholar305. 诗人 poet306. 政治家 statesman307. 社
33、会地位 social status308. 远古时代 ancient times309. 近代 modern times310. 原始资料 original data311. 古代文明 ancient civilization312. 统一货币 standardize the currency313. 台儿庄战役 the Taierzhuang Campaign314. 重庆谈判 the Chongqing Negotiations315. 解放战争 the War of Liberation316. 分成两个阶段 be divided into two phases317. 中央集权 cen
34、tralism318. 中国传统文人Chinese traditional literati319. 地方的军事官员 regional military governors320. 中央任命的官员 centrally appointed officials321. 在以前的朝代中 in the previous dynasties322. 行政目的 administrative purposes323. 行政区域 an administrative district324. 海上贸易 maritime commerce325. 唐朝思想 the Tang ideal326. 三国 the Th
35、ree Kingdoms327. 南北朝 the Northern and Southern Dynasties328. 登基 ascend the throne329. 篡夺权利 usurp the power330. .在位期间 during the reign of.331. 大臣 minister (of a monarchy)332. 三品以上的官 official above the third rank333. 世袭制度 hereditary system334. 由.继任 be succeeded by .335. 朝廷 the imperial court336. 甲骨文 o
36、racle bones337. 和亲 intermarriage338. 农民起义 peasant uprising339. 进入没落和衰败的时期 enter a period of decline and decay340. 全盛期 heyday341. 加速了王朝的解体 hasten the disintegration of the dynasty342. 赤壁之战 Chibi Wars343. 淝水之战 the Battle of Feishui344. 隋唐大运河 the Grand Canal of Sui Dynasty345. 贞观之治 the Benign Administr
37、ation of the Zhenguan Reign Period346. 开元盛世the Flourishing Kaiyuan Reign Period347. 松赞干布 Songtsen Gampo348. 康乾盛世 the Golden Age of Three Emperors349. 虎门销烟 the Destruction of Opium at Humen350. 洋务运动 the Westernization Movement351. 中日甲午战争 Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895352. 北伐战争 the Northern Expedition
38、353. 两万五千里长征 the Long March of 25, 000 li354. 七七事变 the July 7th Incident of 1937355. 平型关大捷 the Victory at Pingxing Pass356. 朝贡制度 tributary system357. 忽必烈 Kublai Khan 358. 土地私有制 private ownership of land359. 父系社会 patriarchal society360. 分封制 the system of enfeoffment361. 三省六部制 the system of Three Coun
39、cils and Six Boards362. 争霸 strive for hegemony363. 扩大领土 extend the domain364. 夺取政权 seize the power365. 屈服于统治 submit to the rule366. 孙子 Sun-tzu367. 李小龙 Bruce Lee368. 都察院 the Court of Censors369. 刑部 the Ministry of Punishment in feudal China370. 内务府 Imperial Household Department371. 翰林院 Imperial Acade
40、my372. 科举制度 imperial examination system373. 钦天监 The imperial Board of Astronomy374. 闭关政策 exclusion policy375. 战后 postwar376. 永久佃户 permanent tenant377. 大使 ambassador378. 大使馆 embassy379. 大禹治水 King Yu tamed the flood380. 武王伐纣 King Wu Attacked King Zhou381. 周公东征 Duke Zhou s Eastward Conquest382. 春秋五霸 th
41、e five overlords of the Spring and Autumn period383. 战国七雄 the seven powerful states of the Warring States Period384. 中国经济 Chinas economy385. 通货膨胀 inflation386. 宏观调控 macroeconomic regulatory387. 生产力过剩 surplus production capacity388. 国有企业 state-owned enterprise389. 合资企业 joint venture390. 外资企业 foreign
42、enterprise391. 私有企业 private enterprise392. 公共事业单位 public enterprise393. 公务员 civil servant394. 寄宿制学校boarding schools395. 远程教育 distance education396. 最低生活保障 basic cost of living allowances397. 稳健的财政政策 prudent fiscal policy398. 所得税 income tax399. 期货市场 futures market400. 高附加值 high value-added401. 残酷的竞争
43、cut-throat competition402. 堵塞漏洞 plug up loopholes403. 社会主义市场经济 socialist market economy404. 科学发展观 Scientific Outlook on Development405. 社会主义和谐社会 harmonious socialist society406. 经济学家 economist407. 资本主义经济 capitalist economy408. 集体经济 collective economics409. 计划经济 planned economy410. 管制经济 controlled ec
44、onomy411. 农村经济 rural economy412. 自由经济 liberal economy413. 混合经济 mixed economy414. 政治经济学 political economics415. 保护主义 protectionism416. 初级成分 primary sector417. 私营成分 private sector418. 公共成分 public sector419. 经济渠道 economic channels420. 经济平衡 economic balance421. 经济波动 economic fluctuation422. 经济衰退 economic depression423. 经济稳定 economic stability424. 经济政策 economic policy425. 经济复苏 economic recovery426. 控股公司 holding company427. 增长率 growth rate/ rate of growth42