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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上【语法点精讲】 首字母填空题型概述该题型不是要求学生选择填空，而是缺词填空，主要分为两种：一种是细节题，即从短文中直接寻找答案；另一种是归纳题，需要对短文进行归纳得出答案。这类题型主要考查学生耐心审题、内容整理、逻辑判断及寻找细节的能力，同时也考查学生阅读、理解、推断生词义的能力。解题技巧首字母填空是阅读体中的一个重点和难点，但是只要掌握良好的解题技巧，静下心来认真对待，细心捉摸就一定能攻克这一堡垒。在做这道题是一般应该把握好如下步骤：通读全文，理解短文大意，判断需填选项的词性，同时将一眼能够得出的答案迅速填上。在理解作者的写作意图上进行换位思考，把自己想象成作者去努
2、力使文章完整、通顺。 对于一下子拿不定主意的空项要及时跳过，而不能在上面纠缠，因为往往后面的内容会 给予更好的提示。进一步阅读全文，力求整篇文章完整通顺，且符合情理，否则宁缺勿乱。检查每一个答案的正确性，包括名词的数、动词的时态、形容词和副词的准确运用等等。近年高频单词的考查：动词：（备注：后面的数字代表考的次数）allowed answer attract appearedbring(2) become call(2) catch come(2) correct collect closed care(2) completed cleaning changed confuses choose
3、(2) complain causeddisappeared deal/do decided discoveredenjoying encourages(2) exchange end examinedfinds follow failed followed flew(2) finish falling feelgive(2)help hurried happened hideis(3) including invented improvedjudgeknownleave locked love like(7) learned look(2) live/lead lie losemeans(4
4、) makesnamed need(2)offered opened(2)Proved played(2) protect(2) planned payrefused relax(2) read received realize repair rememberspend(3) stopped shout sleep seem showed Suppose spread sell suffered searched stepped saved(saving) swim smell stop smilethink try(2) talks(2) turning used(2) understand
5、(3)works(3) want written walking worry 形容词：any(2) angry another(3) active asleep alone(3) beautiful best black blue broken bettercloser certain(2) common(4) cheap(2) confident cold careful crazy/curiousdaily different(3) difficult(2) easy excited(2)(exciting) enjoyable(2) every empty enough(2) every
6、ones/everybodys/each(2)/every free few first(3) full greater good heavy happy highest hungry healthy(2)interested(2)(interesting) important(4) impossiblekind less(3) little(2) long(3)(longer) lower(2) many/most modern much noisy/noisier natural/necessary noown other(2)prefect(2) prettier pleased pos
7、sible popular publicright(2) reasonable real(2) rude recentsafe sorry(2) same(4) special small(2) sick(2) safe sick straighttwo(3) tired traditional these/three thicker thankful topuseful(2) various wrong wonderful wise warm worried(2) worseyoung 副词：along around always(2) almost(2) also according ac
8、tually(2) again anywhereback(2)completely carefully/closely down exactly(2) especially(2) easily even ever finally(2) further hardly(3) how(2) hardinside instead(4) luckily late(2)not(3) never(4)only(5) off outsideprobably(2) Perhaps properlyquietly / quickly(2)really(4) rather still Slowly(2) serio
9、usly(2) sometimes(2) soon seldom safely simply Softlyterribly(2) through(2) then together(2)usuallyWhen well(2) withyet 名词：address actress(actor) amount (2) arrangement area/attraction Army arm(s) bus bedroom building country(2) culture class customers chance colour college diseases dream days diffe
10、rence(2)exercise experience example endfilm future friendship flatgame gradeshousework happiness hobbies homes/houses history hole hair hopesinformation(2) ideajourney jackets joblesson list living life luck(2) leg lengthmilk moments (moment) minutes men money messagesname(2) number popular part pro
11、blems(2) people(2)/persons performanceradio rest(3) responsibility rule reasonssummer story(4) smile stars saying surprise side skillstrouble(4) thousands types writer way(2) wordsyear代词：anyone(2) anything(2) either(2) nothing(2) ones(2) himself herself hers Ourselves others(2) mine myself nothing n
12、obody something(2) self These/They them yourself(2) 介词：about(4) above between(3) Besides(2) except(2) for(2) from on over than without(3) behind连词：As(2) (After) and before(8) because(5) but(7) however(4) until(3) since unless whether(3) though so(2) that what(2) when(2)/while真题示例Chuck Wall teaches m
13、anagement and human relations at Bakersfield College. He walked into class one day and told his students that their (1) h_ was to perform one act of random(任意的) kindness. His students did not understand the assignment(任务), but the professor would not answer their questions. He (2) e_ his students to
14、 find it out for themselves.One week later, the students entered the classroom excited to (3) s_ their stories. One student told of distributing blankets to the homeless, another had contacted a long lost friend, and another student (4) r_ that he helped a dog to find its owner. Students were energi
15、zed (激励) by the homework assignment and wanted other people to be kind too. (5) W_ the support of local business, the students made stickers to put on cars that invited people to do something (6) k_ for others. They sold the stickers and decided to donate the money to a center for the blind-not surp
16、rising as Professor Wall is blind. Since then, (7) s_ kindness activities have been organized in schools all over the world. Many schools organize a Random Kindness Week, (8) a_ November 13, to celebrate World Kindness Day. Some schools use each day of Random Kindness Week to perform (9) d_ kind act
17、s, such as making a new friend, helping someone, doing community service, or raising money for a charity. Students learn to (10) c_ other people and think about how small actions can make the world a better place.解析：1. homework 根据本句中class, students可知填homework合适。2. encouraged 从上一句学生们不明白这个任务，可是教授没有回答他
18、们的问题可知，他鼓励学生们自己去发现。3. share 一个星期后，学生们进入教室，兴奋地分享他们的故事。4. reported 另一个学生报告说，他帮一条狗找到了主人。5. With 在当地商铺的帮助下，with 表示“和一起.6. Kind 学生们在汽车上贴上贴纸，号召大家都来做善事。7. Similar 从那时起，在全世界都有学校组织起来做类似的善事。8. around 大约在11月13日。9. different 从后面的若干件事情可知是不同的善行。10. consider 一些学生学会考虑他人。2010年中考缺词填空汇编缺词填空根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文
19、完整。 （一） Climbing a mountain is hard work. But one step after another finally brings a person to the t 1 . Along the way, he can stop and look a 2 .And the h 3 he climbs, the more wonderful his view is. If he keeps climbing, he will have a new world before him. He will have a new way of w 4 everythin
20、g. Now learning a 5 language is something like climbing a mountain. This new language can give you a new view of life. And it is more than a look at the surface of things. It can open the way into peoples minds and hearts, into a culture that is very d 6 from the one of your own. This will make you
21、richer, r 7 in things that money cant buy.Even though you never set foot on a ship or a plane, you can be an armchair t 8 through books. Like the mountain climber who stops now and then to e 9 the scenery(风景 ) around him, everyone who is interested in reading will find f 10 in books if he learns mor
22、e and more of that new language. 1. t 2. a 3. h 4. w 5. a 6. d 7. r 8.t 9. e 10. f （二） Earth Hour started in Sydney on March 31, 2007. M 11 than two million homes and Businesses turned off their lights for an hour. A year 1 12 , in 2008, Earth Hour became the worlds activity and was supported by mil
23、lions of people from thirty-five countries. In 2009, over two thousand cities in the world t 13 part in it, and Earth Hour came to China. The purpose of the activity is to save energy and i 14 climate. Earth Hour has brought about some new c 15 to our lives. We may have different ways to spend the h
24、our. For example, we can go to school on foot or b 16 bike, plant more trees, use water more than once, never leave the lights o 17 when we are not at home. Try to make full use of paper by using b 18 sides. Earth Hour is a call for us to work together for a bright f 19 . It is also a message of hop
25、e and action. Everyone can make a difference. The improvement of our environment n 20 everyones efforts. Come on! Join us in Earth Hour 2010!11. M 12. l 13. t 14. i 15. c 16. b 17. o 18. b 19. f 20. n （三） Some western countries insist that China is one of the worlds biggest greenhouse gas emitters （
26、温室气体排放者）. But in fact our government has taken actions a 21 to struggle with climate change. Firstly, the public are educated to p 22 more attention to the environment. As the government expects, the people have reached a very h 23 level of knowing low-carbon economy（低碳经济）. I 24 you watch TV, listen
27、 to the radio or read newspapers, youll find low-carbon lifestyle has become a fashion. Secondly, developing renewable energy is another action. The government is b 25 many wind farms and solar power stations in the deserts. Of course, w 26 a long time, China will continue using the coal. At the sam
28、e time, the government has been making l 27 to punish those people who dare to destroy the environment. Besides, some s 28 have suggested that greening the deserts is more important than developing new forms of energy. Their l 29 research shows that 80% of the CO2 in the atmosphere comes from land u
29、se. As we know, China hasnt a 30 a balance between the green lifestyle and the economic growth, but we are on the way. Well take more actions to reduce the greenhouse gas emission.21_ 22_ 23_ 24_ 25_ 26_ 27_ 28_ 29_ 30_ 2011中考首字母汇编 （一） As we know，museums are buildings where many valuable and importa
30、nt objects are kept so that people can go and see themFor example，art museums are places where people can learn about v_1_ culturesMore and more popular “design museums” that are opening today，however，perform quite a different role。U_2_ most art museums，the design museum shows objects that are easil
31、y found in our daily life, such as fridges and washing machines The a_3 _ of design museums is that they are places where people feel familiar with the exhibits(展品)Being different from the art museum visitors，design museum visitors s_4_ feel frightened or puzzledThis is partly because design museums
32、 clearly show how and why mass-products(批量产品)work and look as they do，and how design has i_5_ the quality of our livesArt museum exhibits, on the other hand, would most probably fill visitors with a feeling that there is something b_6_ their understanding. Several new design museums have opened thei
33、r doors in r_7_ years. Each of these museums has tried to satisfy(满足)the publics growing interest in the field with new i_ 8 _Londons Design Museum，for example，shows a collection of mass-produced objects from electric typewriters to a group of Italian fish-tins. The choices open to design museums se
34、em f_9_ less strict than those to art museums，and visitors may also sense(感觉到)the humorous part of our society while walking around such exhibits as interesting and unusually attractive toys c_10_ from our everyday life1_ 2_ 3_ 4_ 5_ 6_ 7_ 8_ 9_ 10_ （二）Your maths teacher may wear old-fashioned cloth
35、es and always pronounce your name wrongly. Your English teacher may love to start classes with tests. Perhaps it is hard f 1 you to accept these. But they eat pizza, go to movies and enjoy sports at weekends, just like you. So how can you g 2 along with your teachers? Here are some tips. F 3 ,do the
36、 following things: Dont be late for school. H 4 in your homework on time. Be polite to your teachers. Second, show an interest in the subject. Even if you are not g 5 at your maths or English, you should do your b 6 to learn it and show your teacher that you are a hardworking student. You can also c
37、ome to your teacher during his/her spare time. Use this time to get some help or talk about your progress in class. You may be surprised to learn that your teacher is more relaxed in his/her free time t 7 in his/her working hours. A good relationship with your teachers will help you now and in the f
38、 8 .There may be some t 9 you will always remember because they change you and your life. After f 10 school, you may even go back to visit them. And they are always proud of that.1_ 2_ 3_ 4_ 5_ 6_ 7_ 8_ 9_ 10_ （三） In many countries, people t_ (1) by car or by bike. They also get from place to place
39、using p_ (2) transport such as buses and trains. However, some people live in parts of the world where it is i_ (3) to build roads. In these places, animals or other f_ (4) of transport have to be used. It is difficult to w_ (5) in snow but easy to ski over it. So in places like Alaska, people use s
40、kis. If they want to go faster, they get dogs to p_ (6) them on sleds(雪橇). Riding a snowmobile(雪地摩托) is a more m_ (7), but expensive way of getting around on snow. In desert(沙漠) like the Sahara in North Africa, people s_ (8) get around on camels. Camels survive w_ (9) in the desert, not because they
41、 can s_ (10) water in their bodies though! They can survive without water for two weeks and without f_ (11) for up to a month. H_ (12) can only go without water for about three to five days.1_ 2_ 3_ 4_ 5_ 6_ 7_ 8_ 9_ 10_ 11 _ 12 _ （四）Hi everyone, Ive been in Xuzhou for over a week now. Im having a g
42、 1 time. During the first f 2 days I visited some tourist attractions Yunlong Lake, Yunlong Hill, Guishan Han Tomb(汉墓), etc. Most p 3 were crowded with tourists, so yesterday I went shopping and I b 4 some souvenirs. Today I went to an interesting art gallery. I got lost on my w 5 back to the hotel,
43、 but it didnt matter I found a really good market w 6 lots of small shops. I ate in the hotel the first night, but usually I go out and have dinner in a restaurant b 7 the food is fantastic. Ive s 8 a lot of money, but its certainly worth it. I like people in Xuzhou. They are s 9 nice people! Ive taken many photos so youll be able to see f 10 yourself when I come back home next Wednesday. See you then!1_ 2_ 3_ 4_ 5_ 6_ 7_ 8_ 9_ 10_ （五） Yo