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1、 （被动语态）（被动语态） 一、各种时态的被动语态一、各种时态的被动语态 二、带有情态动词的被动语态二、带有情态动词的被动语态 三、主动形式表被动的几种情况三、主动形式表被动的几种情况 四、巩固练习、高考链接四、巩固练习、高考链接我昨天打我儿子了。我昨天打我儿子了。I hit my son yesterday. 我儿子昨天被我打了。我儿子昨天被我打了。My son was hit by me yesterday.1 定义定义 语态是语态是英语动词英语动词的一种形式的一种形式,用来说明主语和谓语动词之用来说明主语和谓语动词之间的关系。间的关系。英语有两种语态英语有两种语态:被动语态和主动语态。被
2、动语态和主动语态。主动语态：表示主语是谓语动词动作的主动语态：表示主语是谓语动词动作的执执行者。行者。被动语态：表示主语是谓语动词动作的被动语态：表示主语是谓语动词动作的承承受者。受者。I hit my son yesterday. 主动语态主动语态My son was hit by me yesterday. 被动语态被动语态二二.被动语态的谓语结构形式被动语态的谓语结构形式: ask cook make give -be askedbe cookedbe madebe givenbe + done英语中有一种动词是由两个或两个以上的单词构成的，英语中有一种动词是由两个或两个以上的单词构成的
3、，统称为统称为“短语动词短语动词”。有些短语动词。有些短语动词在意义上相当于一个在意义上相当于一个及物动词及物动词，从而也有主动语态和被动语态两种形式。，从而也有主动语态和被动语态两种形式。bring up 教育教育;抚养抚养 call off 取消取消 give up 放弃放弃 leave out 省略省略 look into 调查调查 make up 编造编造 put off 推迟推迟 turn down 拒绝拒绝 be brought upbe called offbe given upbe left out be looked intobe made upbe put offbe tu
4、rned down三三.主动语态和被动语态的相互变化关系主动语态和被动语态的相互变化关系（1） My aunt invited me to her dinner party. 主语主语(执行者执行者) 谓语谓语 宾语宾语(承受者承受者) I (by my aunt ) to her dinner party. 主语主语(承受者承受者) 谓语谓语 宾语宾语(执行者执行者)was invited转换口诀：主转换口诀：主by（败）后（败）后,宾为主宾为主Exercise:1.Labor created man.Man by labor.2. His speech moved us deeply.We
5、 by his speech.3. They make shoes in that factory. Shoes by them in that factory.was createdwere deeply moved are madeThis song _( sing ) by us on Mondays .The famous poem _(write) by Xu Zhimo .send to right nowThey _ (send ) to hospital right now .will be sent 结构结构:will be donea lecturegive soon A
6、lecture _(give) soon .will be given结构结构:will be donebe going to + be + 过去分词过去分词He said the workers would build a new school in two weeks.He said a new school would be built in two weeks.过去将来时的被动构成：过去将来时的被动构成： would + be + 过去分词过去分词dig 掘（土）掘（土）earth 土土The earth _(dig) now.is being dug结构结构:am/is/are be
7、ing done掘（土）掘（土）A party _(hold) now.is being held结构结构:am/is/are being doneMiss Hu told me that the cat _(wash) when I called her .was being washed结构结构:was/were being doneI found that the shop _ (破门而入破门而入)had been broken into .The Birds Nest _(build) before the 29th Olympics.the workers _(build) the
8、Birds Nest.Before the 29th Olympic Games,1.This song is sung by us on Mondays .2.The famous poem was written by Xu . 3.They will be sent to hospital right now. .5. A party is being held now.6. Miss Hu told me that the cat was being washed when I called her .7. I found that the shop had been broken i
9、nto.4.He said a new school would be built in two weeks. 一般现在时一般现在时 一般过去时一般过去时 一般将来时一般将来时 现在进行时现在进行时 过去进行时过去进行时 过去将来时过去将来时 现在完成时现在完成时 过去完成时过去完成时小结小结：被动语态在各种时态中的构成被动语态在各种时态中的构成am/ is/ are donewas/ were done will/ shall be done be going to be doneam/ is/ are being donewas/ were being donewould be doneh
10、as/ have been donehad been done 现在被做现在被做 过去被做过去被做 将要被做将要被做 现在正在被做现在正在被做 过去正在被做过去正在被做 过去将要被做过去将要被做 到现在为止已经被做到现在为止已经被做 到过去为止已经被做到过去为止已经被做The baby must _(take) good care of .8. Babies must be taken good care of .9. 情态动词的被动语态：情态动词的被动语态：1.I can write a letter.2. We must finish the homework on time . can
11、mustmayShould等+ be + doneA letter can be written by me.The homework must be finished on time.Practice一、用括号单词的正确形式填空一、用括号单词的正确形式填空1.The bridge _(build) last year.2.The Olympic Games _ (hold) every four years. 3.The 2012 Olympics _ (hold) in London .4.The problem _ (discuss) at the meeting now .5.His
12、new book _ (publish) next month .6. A lot of new highways _(build) in the past 5 years .1. - What is that noise? - Oh, I forgot to tell you. The new machine_. A. was tested B. will be tested C. is being tested D. has been tested2. I got caught in the rain and my suit_. A. has ruined B. has been ruin
13、ed C. had ruined D. had been ruined 3. No decision_ about any future appointment until all the candidates have been interviewed. A. will be made B. is made C. is being made D. has been made 4. I like these English songs and they _ many times on the radio. A. taught B. have taught C. are taught D. ha
14、ve been taught 5. -Do you have any problems if you_ this job? - Well, Im thinking about the salary. A. offer B. will offer C. are offered D. will be offered 6. - Have you handed in your schoolwork yet? - Yes, I have. I guess it_ now. A. has graded B. is graded C. is grading D. is being graded 7. A c
15、oat can for keeping warm.A. is used B. be used C. been used D. used 1、 某些感观动词和系动词后加形容词某些感观动词和系动词后加形容词可以表示被动意义，如：可以表示被动意义，如：look, smell, taste, feel, prove, sound等。等。 * The flower smells sweet. 花闻起来很香花闻起来很香 * The dish tastes delicious. 菜吃起来菜吃起来非常美味。非常美味。 2、某些可用来表示主语内在、某些可用来表示主语内在“品质品质”或或“性能性能”的及物动词的主
16、动形式可表的及物动词的主动形式可表示被动意义。如：示被动意义。如：lock, shut, open, move read, write, sell, wash, clean等。等。 * This type of recorder sells well. 这种型号的这种型号的录音机销路很好。录音机销路很好。 *This kitchen cleans very easily. 这这个厨房很容易清洗。个厨房很容易清洗。 *The door wont shut. 这个门关不上。这个门关不上。3、be worth后跟动词后跟动词ing的主动形式表的主动形式表被动意义。被动意义。 *This film i
17、s worth seeing a second time. 4、在、在need, want, require等表示等表示“需需要要”的动词后，用动词的动词后，用动词ing的主动的主动形式表被动意义形式表被动意义。 *This table wants cleaning. =This table wants to be cleaned. 1. The water_ cold at this time of year. A. feel B. feels C. is felt D. felt 2. As a result of the serious flood, two thirds of the
18、buildings in the area_ A. need repairing B. needs to repair C. needs repairing D. need to repair 3. The car_ on such a cold day. A. doesnt start B. wont start C. wont be started D. isnt started 4. She _ very patient and warm-hearted. A. is proved B. has been proved C. prove D. proves (2012全国卷全国卷I)23
19、. Life is like walking in the snow, Granny used to say, because every step _.”A. has shown B. is showingC. shows D. showedC(2012全国卷全国卷I)33. I had been working on math for the whole afternoon and the numbers _ before my eyes. A. swim B .swum C. swam D. had swumC (2012全国卷全国卷II)14. Did you ask Sophia f
20、or help? I _ need to I managed perfectly well on my own. A. wouldnt B. dont C. didnt D. wont C (2012北京卷北京卷)22. By the time you have finished this book, your meal _ cold. A. gets B. has got C. will get D. is gettingC5. (2012北京卷北京卷)29. Have you heard about that fire in the market? Yes, fortunately no
21、one _.A. hurt B. was hurt C. has hurt D. had been hurtB(2012天津卷天津卷)2. The letters for the boss_ on his desk but he didnt read them until three later. A. were put B. was put C. put D. has putA (2012天津卷天津卷)12. The three of us_ around Europe for about a month last summer.A. travelled B. have travelled
22、C. had travelled D. travelA (2012江苏卷江苏卷) 32. The manager is said to have arrived back from Paris where he _ some European business partners. A. would meet B. is meeting C. meets D. had metD (2012安徽卷安徽卷)35. After school we went to the readingroom to do some reading, only to be told that it _.A. was d
23、ecorated B. had decorated C. had been decorating D. was being decorated D (2012湖南卷湖南卷)22. Dont worry. The hard work that you do now _ later in life. A. will be repaid B. was being repaidC. has been repaidD. was repaidA (2012四川卷四川卷)11. They are living with their parents for the moment because their own house _.A. is being rebuilt B. has been rebuilt C. is rebuilt D. has rebuiltA