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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上一.时态问题：四种时态：一般现在时，现在进行时，现在完成时，一般将来时一般现在时表示通常性、规律性、习惯性、真理性的状态或者动作：谓语动词用第三人称单数，例如:打工对一个人的将来的事业有深远的影响。（过去现在未来都有影响，客观，单数）Taking part-time jobs exerts profound impacts on one s future career.国际旅游业促进经济发展。（过去现在未来都促进，客观，单数）International tourism promotes the economic development.现在进行时：表示正在进行的动作或
2、存在的状态。现在进行时表示动作发生的时间是现在”|表示逐渐的过程is developing rapidly/dramatically.现在完成时：1.表示结果和影响，一般表示变化大，发展了。2.表示过去的动作或状态持续到现在注意常用搭配：In recent years, In the past decades 最近几十年期间，世界发生了巨大的改变。In the past decades, dramatic changes have taken place in the world.最近几年，科技极大的改变了人们的生活。In recent years, technology has reshap
3、ed people s life.犯罪率已经急剧上升了。The crime rate has increased sharply.一般将来时表示将来某一时刻的动作或状态：will do电脑将会在教育过程中起越来越关键的作用，但是它们绝对不能在教室中取代老师的地位。Computers will play an increasingly critical role in education, but it is not possible that they could replaceteachers in the classroom. /but it is impossible for them
4、to replace teachers in the classroom.语态问题:常见被动语态结构：be done一般现在时 Am, is, are done正在进行时 Is being done现在完成时 Have/has been done一般将来时 Will be done应该把优先权给教育Priorities should be given to education.很多动物的栖息地正在被破坏Many habitants of animals are being destroyed书信已经逐渐被先进的科技所代替Letters have been replaced by advance
5、d technology gradually.简单句:1）简单句：主流句型，主要结构会使用就可以了。主谓（宾），例如：例句1人们在这个问题上的观点不一样。People have different views on this question 。People s ideas/ary/differ on this issue.1. 主系表，例如：例句2代沟是我们现在所面临的问题。Generation gap is a problem that we are confronted with.Generation gap is now a problem we have to face.环境问题是现
6、代社会中一个严重的问题The environmental problem is a serious problem in modern society.切记：不能岀现没有谓语，或者双谓语的情况，否则分数不会高于5分！（仔细阅读作文反馈）2）并列句：既然叫并列，那就是连接两个句子。说明连接词前后的两个句子都要有谓语！And, but, orboth and ,not only but also ，neither nor ,eithe r or 可以并列主语，谓语，宾语，状语（并列的两个部分词性和结构要相同）主语+谓语+ by either doing A or doing B 通过A方法或者B方
7、法，.可以得到主语 + 谓语 + by not only doing A, but more importantly/seriously,doing B主语 + 谓语 not only in terms of A, but more importantly/seriously ，in terms of B 不止在 A 方面，更重要 /严重的是，在B方面例句1 :很多小孩被溺爱，不但在关心和照顾方面，而且，更严重的是，在物质方面。Most children are spoilt, not only in terms of care and attention, but more seriousl
8、y, material ways.例句2 :通过鼓励学生穿精心设计的校服或者引导他们参加一些能体现岀团队精神的活动，学生的行为可以得到逐步的改善Students behaviors can be improved by either encouraging students to wear well-designed uniforms or guiding 形式统一 them to participate in activities which reveal the spirit of team work.例句3:肥胖症可以减轻，方法是不但要养成良好的饮食习惯，更重要的是要多做运动，比如慢跑，
9、跳绳 等等。Obesity can be relieved by not only forming good dietary/eating habits, but more importantly taking more exercises, such as jogging and rope skipping.专心-专注-专业四.复杂句：宾语从句：宾语由句子充当。连接词可以省略。掌握度较好表述观点：认为： insist, maintain, hold, suggest, argue, believe支持：favor, propose, support, agree, advocate,(be
10、for, be in favor of)反对：object, oppose(be against)Some people do believe thatSome people are fully convinced thatSome people assert thatSome people deem thatSome people argue thatSome people claim thatSome people doubt thatSome people deny that1. It is suggest ed in the graph that + 句子(indicate, demo
11、nstrate, illustrate ) it 指代的是什么？It is reported that/estimated that/proved thatIt is well-known/generally accepted/universally acknowledged that以上that不能省略2. Whether S +V is a controversial issue.Whether we should make effort to/endeavor to preserve endangered species isWhether we should do - depends
12、on whether S +V戈 Ll分结构我们能否成功取决于我们能否坚持Whether we will succeed depends on whether we persist.3. What we should do is to doWe should protect animals. 改写:What we should pay attention to/ emphasize/stress is to do老师应该强调的是告诉学生多练习What teachers should emphasize is to tell students to practice more.What we a
13、re faced with is that主语从句 + 表语从句我们面临的是自然资源的枯竭What we are faced with is the depletion of natural resourcesWhat we s hould solve immediately is thatWhat concerns us most is What I am concerned with is 主语从句：it is+ adj. +that+完整的句子it指代形式主语避免头重脚轻It is important/vital/crucial/pivotal/essential/significant
14、 that （很重要）It is clear/evident/obvious/manifest/as clear as crystal/quite common that（。很明显）It is undoubted/undeniable/doubtless that （。毋庸置疑）It is a pity/a shame/ （这很遗憾） a common sense/practice（这是个常识 ）It is well/increasingly/widely/commonly/generallyknown/recognized/accepted/acknowledged that （ 众所周知）
15、It is conceivable that 可想而知It is desirable/admirable that 可取的It is advisable that最好做某事It is probable/possible/likely that 可能的It is imperative that 必要的it is preferable/profitable thatIt is hazardous/risky/perilous that 危险的It must be stressed out that 必须要指出It must be admitted that 必须要承认It is reported
16、that 据报道It is suggested that 有人建议It is assumed that有人认为It is estimated that据估计It is always the case that情况总是这样的表语从句：is that +完整句子that不能省略！例句1：我的第一个理由是，学术课程经历了时间的考验而且代表了古老文化的精华。My first reason is that academic courses withstand the test of time and represent the essence ofancient cultures.例句2 :在教育中使用
17、电脑的一个优点是，他们能够最大程度上丰富传统的教学方法。One advantage of the application of computers in education is that they can enrich the traditional teaching methods to a great extent.同位语从句：常用的：the fact/idea/belief/recognition/suggestion/proposal/attempt/effortthat+ 句子 |that 不能省主句要有自己的谓语Be based on the belief that基于这样的想法
18、From the above discussion, we can safely draw the conclusion thatThere is no evidence that Despite the fact that为什么要加 the fact ?neglect/ignore/overlook/ lose sight of / be blind to/fail to considerthe fact that 忽视了某个事实例句1：政府不应该忽视这样的事实，囚禁罪犯最起码是对受害者的安慰。The government should not be blind to the fact th
19、at imprisonment of criminals is the comfort tothe victims at the very least.例句2 :大学生应该承担全部学费，基于这样的一种普遍认识，那就是，大学生通常比没有学位的人赚钱多很多。University students should bear total expenses for their tuition on the generalization that university students usually earn much more than people without a degree.定语从句：定语从句
20、： 名词（短定语）人， who,物， which, thatThose（who+从句谓语）+主句谓语例句1 :支持这种观点的人给出如下理由。Those who favor this view give the following reasons.例句2:上网成瘾的人总是会孤立的，不善于社交的，甚至是抑郁的。Those who are addicted to the Internet tend to be isolated, unsociable or even depressed.主+谓,which（主）+谓 非限制定语从句。安全例句1 ：父母能集中发展他们的事业，这将会为他们的孩子带来更好的
21、生活条件。Parents can focus on their careers, which will bring better life conditions for their children.例句2 :政府应该鼓励大家乘坐公交车，这将在很大程度上人们多做公交车，这将减轻交通方面的压力。The government should encourage people to take public transport, which will relieve the pressure on traffic to a great extent.介词+引导词，主句 + 逗号 +some of whi
22、ch, two of which,（用于物）few of whom （用于人）例句1 ：网络带来了很多的实际好处，其中两个值得大家注意。The Internet brings many tangible benefits, two of which（物） deserve most attention 。例句2 :已经采取了很多步骤去见减轻交通方面的压力，很遗憾，这些之中有些无效。Many steps have been taken to relieve the pressure on traffic, pitifully some of which are ineffective.例句3 :很
23、多人每天被广告浸泡，很少有人想到它的影响。Many people are immersed in（exposed to） advertisements every day, few of whom think of its impacts.状语从句：时间： when, after, before, until, once, whenever原因：because, +句子.,for as, since, for the simple reason that+ 句子 切记：有些词后面只能加名词:because of/due to /owing to（因为）/thanks to （ 多亏了）结果：（
24、注意在句子里面的位置）原因，so+结果（前后都为句子），thus+being（结果）Therefore, 结果Consequently, 结果Hence, 结果As a result ，结果如此以至于SothatSuch that 例句1 ：有些小孩太沉迷上网以至于他们可能会忽视他们的学习。Some children tend to be so addicted to the Internet that they may ignore their academic study.条件：（如果，只要）If主谓，原则：主将从现if it rains tomorrow, we will not go
25、to school. （if后面是从句 ）只要，在情况下：As long asOn condition that Provided that that 不能省Under the circumstances that 例句1 ：政府应该探索太空，只要政府的财政不紧张。（provided that）The government can explore the space provided that its budget is not tight.例句2:学生可以打工，只要他们能够平衡学习和工作，并且合理安排好自己的时间。Students can take part-time jobs provid
26、ed that they can balance work and study and plan their time properly 。让步（虽然）Though, although, 不能和 but 连用Even if （即使）No matter + what, where, when, howNo matter where you go, I will stay with you.Despite the fact that 例句1:虽然这个观点看起来有道理，但是它站不住脚。Despite the fact that : Despite the fact that the view see
27、ms reasonable, it does not hold water.Though: though the view seems reasonable, it雅思基础+写作语法总结一.时态问题：四种时态：一般现在时，现在进行时，现在完成时，一般将来时:谓语动词用第三人称单数,一般现在时表示通常性、规律性、习惯性、真理性的状态或者动作 打工对一个人的将来的事业有深远的影响。国际旅游业促进经济发展。（过去现在未来都促进，客观，单数）现在进行时：1.表示正在进行的动作或存在的状态。现在进行时表示动作发生的时间是现在”2.表示逐渐的过程is developing rapidly/dramatic
28、ally.现在完成时：1.表示结果和影响，一般表示变化大，发展了。2.表示过去的动作或状态持续到现在注意常用搭配：In recent years, In the past decades 最近几十年期间，世界发生了巨大的改变。最近几年，科技极大的改变了人们的生活。犯罪率已经急剧上升了。一般将来时表示将来某一时刻的动作或状态：will do电脑将会在教育过程中起越来越关键的作用，但是它们绝对不能在教室中取代老师的地位。二.语态问题：常见被动语态结构：be done一般现在时 Am, is, are done 正在进行时 Is being done现在完成时 Have/has been done一
29、般将来时 Will be done应该把优先权给教育很多动物的栖息地正在被破坏书信已经逐渐被先进的科技所代替简单句:1）简单句：主流句型，主要结构会使用就可以了 主谓（宾），例如：例句1人们在这个问题上的观点不一样。People have different views on this question 。People s ideas/ary/differ on this issue.2.主系表，例如：例句2代沟是我们现在所面临的问题。环境问题是现代社会中一个严重的问题切记：不能岀现没有谓语，或者双谓语的情况，否则分数不会高于5分！（仔细阅读作文反馈）2）并列句：连接词前后的两个句子都要有谓语
30、！And, but, orboth and ,not only but also ，neither nor ,either or 可以并列主语，谓语，宾语，状语（并列的两个部分词性和结构要相同）主语+谓语_+_by_either_doing_A_or_doing_B通过A方法或者B方法，.可以得到 主语 + i胃语 + by not only doing A, but more importantly/seriously,doing B例句 1：很多小孩被溺爱，不但在关心和照顾方面，而且，更严重的是，在物质方面。例句 2：通过鼓励学生穿精心设计的校服或者引导他们参加一些能体现出团队精神的活动，
31、学生的行为可以得到逐步的改善例句 3：肥胖症可以减轻，方法是不但要养成良好的饮食习惯，更重要的是要多做运动，比如慢跑，跳绳四.复杂句:宾语从句：表述观点: 认为： insist, maintain, hold, suggest, argue, believe支持：favor, propose, support, agree, advocate,(be for, be in favor of)反对：object, oppose(be against)Some people do believe thatSome people are fully convinced thatSome people
32、 assert thatSome people deem thatSome people argue thatSome people claim thatSome people doubt thatSome people deny that1. It is suggest ed in the graph that+句子(indicate, demonstrate, illustrate )It is reported that/estimated that/proved thatIt is well-known/aenerallv accepted/universallv acknowledg
33、ed that以上that不能省略2. Whether S +V is a controversial issue.Whether we should make effort to/endeavor to preserve endangered species is Whether we should do depen ds on whether S +V 划分结构我们能否成功取决于我们能否坚持3 What we should do is to doWe should protect animals. 改写：What we should pay attention to/ emphasize/
34、stress is to do老师应该强调的是告诉学生多练习What we are faced with is that 我们面临的是自然资源的枯竭What we should solve immediately is thatWhat concerns us most is What I am concerned with is 主语从句：it is+ adj. +that+ 完整的句子It is important/vital/crucial/pivotal/essential/siqnificant that（ 很重要）It is clear/evident/obvious/manife
35、st/as clear as crystal/quite common that（。 很明显）It is undoubted/undeniable/doubtless that（。 毋庸置疑）It is a pity/a shame/（这很遗憾） a common sense/practice（这是个常识）It is well/increasingly/widely/commonly/generallyknown/recognized/accepted/acknowledgedthat （众所周知）It is conceivable that可想而知It is desirable/admira
36、ble that 可取的It is advisable that最好做某事It is probable/possible/likely that可能的It is imperative that 必要的it is preferable/profitable thatIt is hazardous/riskv/perilous that危险的It must be stressed out that必须要指出It must be admitted that必须要承认It is reported that据扌报首It is suggested that有人建议It is assumed that有人认
37、为It is estimated that据估计It is always the case that情况总是这样的表语从句：例句1:我的第一个理由是，学术课程经历了时间的考验而且代表了古老文化的精华。例句2:在教育中使用电脑的一个优点是，他们能够最大程度上丰富传统的教学方法。同位语从句:常用的：the fact/idea/belief/recognition/suggestion/proposal/attempt/effortthat+ 句子 that 不能省主句要有自己的谓语Be based on the belief that基于这样的想法From the above discussion
38、, we can safely draw the conclusion that There is no evidence thatDespite the fact that .neglect/ignore/overlook/ lose sight of / be blind to/fail to consider the fact that忽视了某个事实例句1：政府不应该忽视这样的事实，囚禁罪犯最起码是对受害者的安慰。例句2 :大学生应该承担全部学费，基于这样的一种普遍认识，那就是，大学生通常比没有学位的人赚钱 多很多。定语从句：定语从句： 名词（短定语）人， who,物， which, t
39、hatThose （who+从句谓语）+主句谓语 例句1 :支持这种观点的人给出如下理由 例句2 :上网成瘾的人总是会孤立的，不善于社交的，甚至是抑郁的主+谓，which（主）+谓例句1 ：父母能集中发展他们的事业，这将会为他们的孩子带来更好的生活条件。例句2 :政府应该鼓励大家乘坐公交车，这将在很大程度上人们多做公交车，这将减轻交通方面的压力介词+引导词，主句 + 逗号 +some of which, two of which,（用于物）few of whom（用于人）例句1 ：网络带来了很多的实际好处，其中两个值得大家注意。例句2:已经采取了很多步骤去见减轻交通方面的压力，很遗憾，这些之中
40、有些无效。例句3:很多人每天被广告浸泡，很少有人想到它的影响。状语从句:时间： when, after, before, until, once, whenever原因：because, + 句子，for as, since,for the simple reason that+ 句子切记：有些词后面只能加名词：because of/due to /owing to（因为）/thanks to （ 多亏了）结果：（注意在句子里面的位置）原因，so+ 结果 （前后都为句子），thus+being （结果）Therefore, 结果Consequently, 结果Hence, 结果As a res
41、ult ，结果如此以至于SothatSuch that 例句1 ：有些小孩太沉迷上网以至于他们可能会忽视他们的学习条件：（如果，只要）If主谓，原则：主将从现 if it rains tomorrow, we will not go to school.只要，在情况下：As long asOn condition that Provided that that 不能省Under the circumstances that 例句1 ：政府应该探索太空，只要政府的财政不紧张。（provided that）例句2:学生可以打工，只要他们能够平衡学习和工作，并且合理安排好自己的时间。(on condition that )让步（虽然）Though, although, |不能和 but 连用Even if （即使）No matter + what, where, when, how .No matter where you go, I will stay with you.Despite the fact that例句1:虽然这个观点看起来有道理，但是它站不住脚Despite the fact that :Though:HW:请背诵并正确使用以上划线部分!