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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上Individual ReportF84T 34 Managing People and OrganisationsOutcome 4NAME:SCN:CLASS:ContentsIntroductionThe purpose of this report is to examine the understanding of management structure in the organization and its application. There are five sections in the report: management structure b
2、efore merger; management structure after new development; contingency approach and its variables after merger; different relationships within the new structure; relevance of different relationships with new structure.Section 1:The Structure at Present in Shangri-la HotelAt present, flat structure is
3、 used in the management of the hotel. Hybrid management structure is used. Craig used the centralized and line approach to manage the restaurant .Ailsa used the decentralized and team approach to manage the hotel. In the hotel, all of the work was divided into four types according to different produ
4、cts or services: chambermaids, reception, kitchen staff and waiting staff. Flat structure: it means that a business has few vertical level of management and a wide span of control. As a result, the relationship between manager and subordinate will be closed, the flow of information will be quick, an
5、d it will save administrative expenses. However, because of wide spans, the communication between the same level department and employees will be difficult. In the case, for example, in the kitchen, there were only two levels: Craig, the manager; kitchen staffs and waiters. Craig directly gave the s
6、ubordinates their different tasks. So it was a flat structure. Centralization& Decentralization: the centralization means that the important decisions are taken by the top management and the other levels implement the directions that top manager gives. In the case, Craig mainly used the centralized
7、approach. For example, all his subordinates must follow the menu made by Craig. And Craig made decisions by himself and allocated tasks to kitchen staff and waiters. It should be a centralized approach. Decentralization means top manager delegates authorities to all levels of management. In the case
8、, Ailsa used this decentralized approach. For example, in the management of Ailsa, she gave rights to Antonio to run things. It was a decentralized approach.Line structure: it means that authority comes down from the boss to their staff directly in a line relationship. Its advantage is that it is ve
9、ry convenient to communicate because of the direct line relationship. However, because it needs an one-to-one managing process, the managing tasks are too heavy. It will be costly. In this case, Craig used the line approach. Craig allocated specific tasks to different staffs. He required that all st
10、affs should do dishes following his menu. And he required the waiters should attend to customers within five minutes of being seated. He managed all the individuals in the restaurant directly. So it was a line approach.Team structure: it refers to divide the entire organization into work groups or t
11、eams. After dividing into teams, there will be high employee involvement and empowerment. The functional barriers will also be reduced. However, the ambiguous chain of command will arise. In the case, Ailsa used this approach. She divided all staffs in the hotel into several teams, such as the recep
12、tion team managed by Antonio, the cleaning staff team, and the chambermaids team. Every team had their own specific work to do, and every team number involves in the management. So it was a team approach. Product or service: it means that the entire organization is divided into different departments
13、 according to the products or service supplied to customers. In the case, is was divided into four types: chambermaids, reception, kitchen staff and waiting staff. For example, in the management of the hotel, Craigs staffs were divided into following parts: the kitchen cook, the purchasing staff and
14、 the waiters. They did different tasks and made different products or service to customers. So it was a products or service approach. Section 2:An Appropriate Form of Re-Structure for Shangri-la HotelAfter the new development of the organization, the organizational structure can be divided into thre
15、e parts: the manager, the staff and the supplier. It is called a Shamrock management structure. The departmentalization approach could also be used. Product departmentalization: it means that the entire organization is divided into different departments according to the products or service supplied
16、to customers. In the case, before merger, it consists of four types: chambermaids, reception, kitchen staff and waiting staff. There would be additional two types after the merger. One was is farm , the other is Gordons restaurant. Supplier-GordonFarm supply: 3 staffs Restaurant: wife, 2 chefs, 4 wa
17、iters StaffManagerChambermaidsReceptionKitchen staff Waiting staff.Craig: KitchenRestaurantAlisa: MarketingManaging the hotel Shamrock structure: It especially refers to the three-part or three levels of an organizational structure. In the shamrock organization there are three different groups of pe
18、ople: basic managers, employees as the core part, the external co- workers and the part-time workers as a form of supplement. As above graph shows, the organization of the hotel was divided into three parts in the Shamrock model. The first part was the manager in the organization. This part played a
19、n important role in the organization. In the case, Craig was a manager who directs the tasks in the kitchen and the restaurant. He arranged and managed the kitchen and restaurant into a normal operation. Ailsa played a key role in the marketing and management of the hotel. She worked hard in the man
20、aging hotel development and made great progress finally. The second part was staff. There were four types : chambermaids, reception, kitchen staff and waiting staff. They also played an important role in the operating activities of the hotel. The chambermaids and waiting staffs provided service to c
21、ustomers and the kitchen supplied foods and drinks to customers. The third part was supplier- Gordon. Gordon supplied raw materials from his farm to Craigs kitchen. Also, Gordon opened a restaurant which consisted of his wife, two chefs and four waiters. Every part in the Shamrock organization has t
22、heir own expectations.Section 3:The Influence of Task, Technology, and Size on the New StructureContingency theory holds the view that there is no one best way to structure. The particular situational factors such as size, technology or task will determine the systems and structures employed. Task:
23、it means that the nature and size of the task will influence shaping the organization. For example, in the case, before Gordon converted his farm house to his restaurant, his main task was to grow and sell organic products. So the organization was a simple one. After owning a restaurant, the tasks b
24、ecame complicated and the organization structure became complicated as well. So the nature and size of the task will determine the type of the organization structure.Technology: Technology relates to the production process used. It is not just related to the information technology, but also to the t
25、echnology of producing a product or supplying service. In this case, before the merger of Gordons farm as a hotel, Ailsa made marketing strategies and plans which focused on the city customers and business. After the merger, Ailsa must make another different marketing strategy which should be feasib
26、le in Gordons farm. Appropriate technology is very important in the operating process of an organization.Size: It is an essential factor that influences the shape and structure of an organization. Also, different size of organizations have different producing procedures and outcomes. In the case, af
27、ter the merger, the hotel had a lot of changes in the size. For example, the number of stuff was increasing. Besides, because Gordons farm was a part of the hotel, it would be less costly to buy raw materials used in the kitchen. It would a competitive advantage in price within its competitors. Sect
28、ion 4: Line, Staff ,Functional and Lateral relationships within the New StructureLine relationship: it means that authority comes down from the boss to their staff directly in a line relationship. In the case, Craig was responsible for managing and directing the kitchen staff and waiters. He allocat
29、ed the specific tasks to different staffs to ensure that his plans were completed. This was an example of the line relationship.Staff relationship: It means the relationship between the staffs in different departments. For example, in the case, the relationship between reception staff and other staf
30、fs, such as the maintenance staff.Functional relationship: It is a relationship which exists between different functions in the hotel. In the case, for example, the relationship between the accountant function and other functions. They all had closed relationship in the organization.Lateral relation
31、ship: It is a relationship which exists between the same level of staffs which are in different systems and do different tasks. For example, there were waiters in both Ailsas and Craigs management system. But waiters in Craigs restaurant supplied service to customers eating here. And waiters in Ails
32、as hotel supplied service to customers living here. This was a lateral relationship.Section 5: Authority, Responsibility and Delegation within the New StructureAuthority: It is a right to order or direct others to do specific tasks, and then attract the responses which are appropriate to achieve the
33、 goals of the organization. For example, in the case, only Craig had the authority to allocate tasks to his staffs. And only Craig and Saskia had the right to sign for any procedure. Few changes appeared after the merger.Responsibility：It is the obligation for some people in the organization to perf
34、orm a task, assignment or function. In the case, for example, Antonio as a reception manager, had the responsibility on reception of clients. Few changes appeared after the merger.Delegation: It is an action to pass the responsibility or authority to a person to carry out and complete the specific t
35、ask. In the case, Ailsa delegated her right to Antonio to help her manage the hotel. However, Craig hardly delegated any right to others. As a result, it caused some problems such as staffs complaints. The suggestion is that Craig should delegate some rights to the staff, such as some decision-makin
36、g. In this way, the involvement of the staffs will be increased. And the efficiency of kitchen operation will be improved.ConclusionThe findings of the report reveal the management structures, contingency theory and different relationships and their applications in different situations.ReferenceYuan Yu, Zhang Shutao,2013,Managing People and Organisations, China Modern Economic Publishing House.专心-专注-专业