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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上语 态一、总述: （表示主语和谓语动词之间的关系）主动语态：表示主语是动作的执行者。 被动语态：表示主语是动作的承受者。如：Many students study English.(主动语态) English is studied by many students.(被动语态)二、被动语态的用法（1）当不知道或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时Such books are written for children. 这些书是为儿童写的。（2）强调动作的承受者，这时应用by短语。 The cup was broken by David.（3）作客观说明时，常采用一种被动语态
2、句型.Its said / reported / + that 据说/据报道 Its reported that it will rain tomorrow.据报道，明天会下雨。 .一般现在时的被动语态结构： is/are+过去分词Cars are made in China .The desk made of wood.这张桌子是木质的。 English is in our school.我们学校学英语。如何由主动语态变成被动语态呢？ ?Many students study English.English is studied by many students.?They make sho
3、es in that factory.Shoes are made by them in that factory.注意1.将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。2.将主动语态的谓语动词由主动变为被动3.将主动语态的主语变为被动语态中介词by的宾语放在谓动词之后运用一下吧！They play football on Sunday._ Lucy does the homework in the evening. _ They often use computers in class. _ . We make these machines in Beijing. _ .一般过去时的被动语态结构： w
4、as/were +过去分词1. They bought a computer last term A computer was bought by them last term.2.We planted many trees last year. Many trees were planted last year.运用一下吧！They built the tall building last year. _ He took good care of his little brother yesterday. _ We cleaned our classroom just now. _ They
5、 used the rooms for resting. _ .一般将来时的被动语态结构：be going to be/will be+过去分词1.They will finish the work in ten days.The work will be finished by them in ten days.2.Tom is going to clean the room tomorrow.The room is going to be cleaned by Tom tomorrow.运用一下吧！We will held a sports meeting next week._ Chil
6、dren will take some photos in the schoolyard tomorrow. _ .含有情态动词被动语态结构can/may/must/should + be+过去分词1.Amy can take good care of Gina Gina can be taken good care of by Amy.2.You should drink more water. More water should be drunk by you.运用一下吧！1.He can take care of the baby. _ 2.Lucy may draw the pictu
7、res. _ .现在进行时的被动语态的结构 is / am / are + being 过去分词1.Some workers are painting the rooms nowThe rooms are being painted by some workers now.He is watching TV. TV _by him.现在完成时的被动语态的结构 have / hasbeen过去分词1.We have made a key A key _ by us.We have finished our compositions. Our compositions_by us.三、小结The
8、passive voice 被动语态、英语中动词有主动语态和被动语态两种语态. 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者, 在被动语态中动作的执行者有时用by短语表示出来.被动语态的构成:助动词be+ (及物动词的) 过去分词 am (is, are) + done 一般现在时was (were) + done 一般过去时一般将来时 shall / will + be + done 过去将来时 would / should + be + done 现在进行时 am / is / are + being+ done 过去进行时 was / were + being + do
9、ne现在完成时 have / has + been + done 过去完成时 had + been + done 、被动语态的几种类型1.带双宾语句子的被动语态一般把间接宾语变为被动语态的主语，则另一个不动。如把直接宾语变为被动语态的主语则需在间宾前加 for 或 to。注to: pass, give, show, bring for: make, buy, draw如：He gave me a book. I was given a book by him. A book was given to me by Tom. I bought him a book. He was bought a
10、 book by me. A book was bought for him by me. 2.含有短语的主动语态变被动语态?They take good care of my child. -My child is taken good care of . I turned off the radio. -The radio_(by me). 3.在主动语态中省去to 在变为被动语态时应补出来即hear , watch , see , make , let ,这些词在变被动句时必须加to. ?I saw him play basketball last Sunday. He was_play
11、 basketball last Sunday.?The boss makes him work for 10 hours. He _work for 10 hours.4.主动结构表被动含义1） look smell sound feel taste等作连系动词用时 ，主动形式表被动意义。Eg. 棉花摸起来很柔软Cotton_soft.这老妇人看起来焦急。The old woman_worried .2) write read sell wash open lock等常和表示行为方式的状语连用表达效果和程度时 常用主动表被动。Eg. This pen_well.这笔很好用。 This boo
12、k_.这书很畅销3) 动词 need want require（需要）等接动名词作宾语构成主动结构表被动含义Eg 他的鞋需要修理。His shoes . 填空（完成被动语态填空）1. They often clean their classroom after school . （改为被动语态） Their classroom _ often _ by them after school. 2. Li Lei gave Tom a new pen last week . （同上） A new pen _ _ _ Tom last week . 3. A lot of people in Chi
13、na can speak English now . （同上）English _ _ _ by a lot of people in China now. 4. I have learned English for about two years. （同上） English _ _ _ for about two years. 5. They will read these story-books next month. （同上）These story-books _ _ _ next month. 选择6. Do you like the skirt ? It _ soft. A. is f
14、eeling B. felt C. feels D. is felt7. Are you still here ? You were here an hour ago . Who _ for ? A. are you waiting B. did you wait C. were you waiting D. do you wait 8. _ to know Professor Zhang. A. He said B. I said C. He is said D. It says9. I want to sit at the table near the window. Sorry , _
15、already. A. it took B. it takes C. it is taking D. it has been taken10. The letter _ three days ago and it_ yesterday. A. had post , had arrived B. was posted , arrivedC. posted , arrived D. had been posted , was arrived11. He told me that the final examination _ next Thursday. A. is given B. will b
16、e given C. would have given D. would be given12. Water _ into ice. A. will changed B. must be changed C. should change D. can be changed13. The birds _ fly away last Saturday. A. let to B. is let to C. was let D. were let to 14. A strange sound _ yesterday evening. A. was heard B. hears C. heard D.
17、is heard15. A beautiful bike _ him by his classmates. A. sent to B. will sent to C. was sent to D. will be sent for 16. Miss Chen _ just _ to speak at the meeting. A. has been asked B. has been asked C. Have been asked D. have been asked17. Meat _ out in this shop . We can _ now. A. have been sold ,
18、 get nothing B. has been sold , get nothing C. has been sold , get some D. have been sold , get some18. The new play _ in theatre now . Why dont you go in and see it ? A. is being shown B. is showing C. is shown D. shows19. Can you tell _ ? A. when did it happen B. when was it happenedC. when it hap
19、pened D. when it was happened 20. _ the job _ by Lucy or by John ? A. Has finished B. Has being finished C. Is finish D. Has been finished完成下列句子：1.Our school _in 2002.(开办)2.The young trees must_ _ _ well. (照顾)3. _ this building_(建成)last year?4.The book _ _(写)by him last year.5. The bridge _ _(不建造)in1989.6.The 29th Olympic Games will_ _(举行) in UK in 2012.专心-专注-专业