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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上一般过去时，过去进行时和现在完成时的区别 一、一般过去时 1表示在过去时间内发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示过去的时间状语连用，如：a few minutes ago, yesterday, last month 等，以及以when 等引导的时间状语从句连用。 The thief entered the building a few minutes ago. A big fire destroyed the whole forest last year. The telephone rang, when I was reading the news report. 2
2、. 表示过去经常或反复发生的动作，常与时间状语often，used to或would连用，表示“常常，经常”。 She often came to help us. When he was young, he would help his father on the farm. 3. 有些情况，发生的时间不很清楚，但实际上是过去发生的应当用过去时态。 It was a pity that you didnt go to the lecture. I was glad to receive your letter. I didnt know you were so busy. 4. 表示过去习惯
3、的动作。 When she was a young girl, she often went to her grandpas. 5. 在表示时间或条件等的状语从句中代替过去将来时。 I would tell her the news as soon as she came. 二、过去进行时 构成：was / were + doing 1表示过去某一时刻或阶段正在发生的动作。 He was playing tennis at five yesterday afternoon. What were you doing at nine last night? At that time, she wa
4、s working in a lab. In those years we were having a hard time. We were picking cotton when he arrived. 2. 表示按计划，安排过去将要发生的动作。 He told her he was leaving soon. 3. 表示委婉语气，只限于want，hope，wonder等动词，用以提出请求。 I was wondering if you could help me. 4. 在不少情况下，没有表示过去的时间状语，需要通过上下文来看出这是过去某时正在进行的动作。 The wind was no
5、longer blowing, but it was still rather cold. They took us to see the chemical fiber mill they were building. We started the attack when the enemies were crossing the river. They all worked hard. Everybody knew what he was working for. 三一般过去时与过去进行时的区别： 1. 过去进行时表示正在进行的动作，而一般过去时表示一个完成的动作。 I was readin
6、g a novel last night. （可能没看完） I read a novel last night. （已经看完了） We were building a dam last winter. We built a dam last winter. I was quickly getting used to that kind of life. （正在适应过程中） I quickly got used to that kind of life. （已经适应） 2. 一般过去时通常只表示发生过的某种动作或存在过的某种状态，不强调延续性；过去进行时表示过去某一段时间内某种动作或状态的延续性
7、。 Those men hunted in the forest yesterday. Those men were hunting in the forest yesterday. （强调整天都在打猎） 3. 过去进行时强调动作的持续性，带有一定的感情色彩，因此有时比一般过去时显的更为生动、具体。 The baby was crying all night. 婴儿整夜都在哭。 （较具体，生动） The baby cried all night. 婴儿哭了一整夜。 （叙述事实） 4. 两个或多个一般过去时连用，通常表示动作一个接一个发生，过去进行时连用仅表示动作同时发生，强调对比。 She c
8、losed the window, turned off the light and left the room. She was closing the window, and he was reading a book. 5. 一般过去时和过去进行时并用时，一般过去时表示某一时间点，过去进行时表示某段时间，该时间点在该段时间之内。 They were discussing the plan when suddenly the light went out. When I came into her office, she was typing. 四、现在完成时 构成：have / has
9、+ 过去分词 1表示过去发生的动作或事情对现在的影响或产生的结果，常与下列词连用：yet, just, before, recently, lately, often, ever, never, sometimes, twice 等。 I havent finished the novel yet. He has never been to Paris. 2. 表示从过去某个时间开始，持续到现在并有可能持续下去的动作，常同表示一段时间的状语连用，so far, up to now, since, for the past (last) few (several) years 等。 We hav
10、e known each other for 11 years. 3. 在after, as soon as，if，till，when 等引导的状语从句中，用现在完成时代替将来完成时。 Lets go out as soon as the rain has stopped. 4. It is the first time that . This will be . that . + 现在完成时 This is the first time that I have seen a living whale. 5. It (this) is the best (worst, most interes
11、ting) + 名词 + that + 现在完成时 It is the most beautiful house that I have ever seen.五一般过去时与现在完成时用法比较1.过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作；现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响。 2.过去时常与具体的时间状语连用，而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语。 (1)一般过去时的时间状语: yesterday,lastweek，ago,in1980,inOctober,justnow,具体的时间状语 (2)共同的时间状语: thismorning,
12、tonight, thisApril,now,once，before,already,recently，lately (3)现在完成时的时间状语 for,since,sofar,ever,never,just,yet, till/until,uptonow,inpastyears,always, 3.现在完成时表示持续到现在的动作或状态，动词具有延续性，如live,teach,learn,work,study,know.过去时常用的非持续性动词有come,go,leave,start,die,finish,become,getmarried等。 Isawthisfilmyesterday. （
13、强调看的动作发生过了。） Ihaveseenthisfilm. （强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了。） Whydidyougetupsoearly? （强调起床的动作已发生过了。） Whohasnthandedinhispaper? （强调有卷子，可能为不公平竞争。） ShehasreturnedfromParis. （她已从巴黎回来了。） Shereturnedyesterday. (她是昨天回来了。) HehasbeenintheLeagueforthreeyears. (在团内的状态可延续) HehasbeenaLeaguememberforthreeyears. (是团员的状态可
14、持续) HejoinedtheLeaguethreeyearsago. (三年前入团，joined为短暂行为。) Ihavefinishedmyhomeworknow. -WillsomebodygoandgetDr.White? -Hesalreadybeensentfor. 4.句子中如有过去时的时间副词（如yesterday,last,week,in1960）时，不能使用现在完成时，要用过去时。 （错）Tomhaswrittenalettertohisparentslastnight. （对）Tomwrotealettertohisparentslastnight.一般过去时和现在完成时
15、练习题 1.填空A. 用 already或 yet1) Have they taken down the old pictures _ _? No, they havent_ _.2) Most of us have finished our compositions _ .3) He said he hadnt visited the exhibition _ _.B.用 since或 for1) We have learned five lessons _ _ _ the beginning of this term.2) Mrs Liao has been in hospital _ _
16、 _last week.3) I have stayed at my aunts _ _two weeks.C. 用have gone或 have been1) Where are the boy students? They _ to the school factory.2) Is your father in? No, he _ _ to Shenzhen. _he ever _ there before ?Yes, he _ there several times3) He asked me if I_ _ to Hangzhou before. I told him that I w
17、anted to go there for a visit as I _ _ never _ _ to that city before. 2. 选择填空1.Mother _ _me a new coat yesterday. I _ it on. It fits me well. A. had madehave tried B. madehave tried C. has madetried D. madetried2 “He _to draw horses already”. “When _ he ?” “ Last year “ A. learnedhas B. learneddid C
18、. has learnedhas D. has learneddid3.Tom _up into the tree. Look, he _ high up there ! A. has gotis B. has climbedwas C. got wasD. climbedis4._ you _ the text yet ? Yes, we _ it two hours ago. A. Didcopydid B. Havecopiedhave C. Havecopieddid D. Did copyhad5. “Why _ she _ angry ?” “Because he _ at her
19、 just now .” A. didgetshouted B. hasgotshouted C. didgethas shouted D. hasgothas shouted6. _you _ the film before ? Where _ you _ it ? A. Have seendidsee B. Did seedidwatch C. HaveseenhaveseenD. Did seehaveseen7.You _ me waiting for two hours. I _ for you since five. A. keptwaited B. have keptwaited
20、 C. kepthave waited D. have kepthave waited8.Where _ John _ ? To the library. He _ there for an hour. A.hasbeenhas gone B. hasgonehas been C. didgowent D. didbewent9._ the baby still _ ? No, it _ crying. A. Hascriedhas stoppedB. Iscryingstopped C. Did crystopped D. Iscryinghas stopped10. I _ the way
21、. I _ here for quite many years. A. knewhave lived B. knewlive C. knowhave lived D. knowlive11. _ you ever _ America ? Yes, I have. A. Havegone to B. Havegone in C. Havebeen to D. Have been in12. My brother _college for over three years. A. has gone to B. has been to C. has been in D. has been at13.
22、He _ the Army by the end of 1989. He _ in the army since then. A. joinedis B. has joinedhas been C. had joinedis D. had joined has been14. By the time I _ back they _ up ten satellites. A. camehave sent B. camehad sent C. comehave sent D. had comesent15. Jack _ over five lessons by seven oclock. The
23、n he _ a rest. A. wenttook B. wenthad taken C. had gonetook D. had gonehad taken16. We _ out by that time that he _ a spy for a long time. A. had foundhad been B. had foundwas C. foundhad been D. foundwas17. Before the news _ him, he _ to know about it. A. reacheshas got B. reachedhad got C. reached
24、got D. had reachedgot18. I _ him a second letter before I _ from him. A. wroteheard B. wrotehad heard C. had writtenheard D. have writtenhear19. People _ that the soldiers _ fighting. A. sayhad stopped B. saidhas stopped C. saystopped D. saidhad stopped20. We _ in a good harvest because we _ enough rain. A. didnt gethad had B. gothad hadC. had gothad had D. gothadnt had专心-专注-专业