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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国卷)英 语 本试卷分第卷和第卷两部分，共12页。满分150分。考试用时120分钟。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。注意事项：1答卷前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、座号、准考证号、县区和科类填写到答题卡和试卷规定的位置上。2第卷每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。3第卷必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内的位置，不能写在试卷上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不能使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带
2、。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。第I卷第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt?A. 19.15.B. 9.18.C. 9.15.答案是 C。1. When will the shirts probably be finished
3、? A. On Friday morning.B. On Friday afternoon.C. On Saturday afternoon.2. What is the woman going to do on Friday? A. Take an exam.B. Study at home.C. Go to the mountain.3. What is the mans job? A. A barber. B. A pilot. C. A taxi driver. 4. Where does the conversation most probably take place? A. In
4、 the restaurant. B. In the clinic. C. In the classroom. 5. When should the woman turn right? A. At the green sign. B. At Joes Garage. C. After two miles. 第二节（共15小题；每小题15分，满分225分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第
5、6段材料，回答第6和第7题。6. What is the man going to do tonight? A. Come to the womans home for dinner. B. Go to a concert with the woman. C. Go to a concert with his sister. 7. What does the man think of the woman? A. He thinks she is a good cook. B. He thinks she does everything very quickly. C. He thinks sh
6、e isnt good at cooking.听第7段材料，回答第8至第10题。8. What does the woman show the man? A. Some clothes. B. A magazine. C. A new store.9. What is the problem at the store? A. The clothes are too expensive.B. The clothes are not the right size.C. The clothes are not available.10. What will happen next Tuesday?
7、A. There will be a party.B. The store will be closed.C. The man can get what he wants.听第8段材料，回答第11至第13题。11. What do we know about the man? A. He was speeding on purpose. B. He got lost on the way.C. He is new to driving.12. Why did the woman try to talk to the man? A. She was afraid for her safety.
8、B. She found the traffic too heavy. C. She saw a police car behind them.13. What will most probably happen to the man? A. He will continue to speed.B. He will get a ticket.C. He will run his car into another.听第9段材料，回答第14至第16题。14. What does the man want the woman to do? A. Meet his sister.B. Drive to
9、 Canada.C. Have a trip to Seattle.15. When will the woman return from Seattle? A. On Friday night.B. On Saturday night.C. On Sunday morning.16. What do we know about the mans sister? A. She has longed to see the woman. B. She wont go back to Canada. C. She cant stay very long.听第10段材料，回答第17至第20题。17.
10、How old was Miss Jenkins?A. Less than twenty. B. Thirty. C. More than thirty.18. Why did Miss Jenkins get fatter?A. Because something was wrong with her.B. Because she liked fat and sugar very much.C. Because she never had any sports.19. Why couldnt Miss Jenkins get on well with her workmates?A. Bec
11、ause she was richer than them.B. Because she was fatter than them.C. Because they often laughed at her.20. What would Miss Jenkins do to the cake?A. She would eat it up by herself. B. She would share it with her friends. C. She wouldnt eat any cake.第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15分，每小题2分，共30分）阅读下列短文，从每题给
12、出的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AMaria Callas was born Maria Anna Sofia Cecilia Kalogeropoulus in New York City in 1923. Her mother wanted her children to study music. Maria had a beautiful voice but she was very shy. Her mother forced her daughter to sing at contests and on radio programs. Mari
13、a won many top prizes, but she wasnt very happy.Marias father did not want to pay for expensive music lessons. He and his wife argued. When Maria was 13, she moved to Greece with her mother and sister. Her mother lied about Marias age and got her into the Athens Conservatory. Maria studied hard for
14、two years. She had no time for friends or fun.In 1939, Maria began to study with a world-famous Spanish opera singer, Elvira de Hidalgo. She changed Marias life. De Hidalgo taught her to sing and act. She also taught her how to fix her hair and choose beautiful clothes. Maria joined Greeces National
15、 Opera at age 16 and took the stage name Maria Callas. At 17, she was a permanent member. She was the youngest person ever to join a European opera company.Soon Callas became an international star. Some called her the “Golden Voice of the Century.” She acted and sang with great emotion. Her style ch
16、anged opera forever. In 1947, she joined La Scala, the leading opera house in Milan. By age 24, Callas was giving 50 performances a year. Some people said this was not good for her singing voice.Sadly, Callas was not happy. She argued with everyone and did not get along with other singers. She has a
17、 problem with her throat and started to lose her singing voice when she was only 35. Maria Callas died in 1977 at the age of 53. We remember her as one of the greatest opera singers of the twentieth century. 21. Why did Callas study music when she was very young?A. Her mother forced her to do so. B.
18、 Her father taught music lessons.C. She loved to show her beautiful voice.D. She was pleased to win top prizes.22. How did Elvira de Hidalgo change Marias life?A. She advised Maria to start a European opera company.B. She helped Maria take the stage name Maria Callas.C. She got Maria into the Athens
19、 Conservatory.D. She taught Maria how to sing and act and dress.23. Which of the following might be harmful to Marias singing voice? A. She sang with great emotion. B. She gave to many performances. C. She argued with everyone.D. She joined the leading opera house in Milan.24. Which of the following
20、 best describes Maria Callas?A. Popular and tolerant. B. Serious and boring. C. Talented but unhappy.D. Honest but unfriendly.BHi Bobby,I dont know what youre up to this Sunday, but if youre at a loose end, come over to my place. Were going to have a barbecue.TomOk Bobby,Im calling off the barbecue.
21、 Judging from the grey sky, its going to rain all weekend anyway.Maybe youll have done your various duties by the end of the evening and we can go for a drink instead! If you want to relax, Ill be in The Hart, a pub on King Street. Gloria and I are meeting there at about 8:30, as long as nothing els
22、e pops up! Dont forget it closes at 10:30 on Sundays. Ok, time to put my feet up and take it easy!Later, TomHi TomThanks mate, but Im completely snowed under at the moment. I have to write an essay by Monday afternoon, so Ill be working all weekend. Ive got nothing arranged for the following weekend
23、 though, so maybe we can meet then? Ill call you later.Bobby 25. What does Tom intend to do at first?A. To have a family lunch.B. To invite his friend to a barbecue.C. To go for a drink with his friends.D. To ask for help from his friends.26. The underlined part “snowed under” in the second email me
24、ans “_”.A. buried under snow B. very bored C. entirely relaxed D. extremely busy 27. What will Tom probably do after sending the last email?A. Prepare the barbecue. B. Go to the pub. C. Have a rest. D. Call his friends.CIfyoustanda shortdistanceawayfromahighwall and shout, your voice sometimes comes
25、 back toyouas an echo. This knowledge was madeafew years before the last war, when radio wavesfromatransmitting (发送) station were reflected backfromadistant airplane. It was realized thatifan apparatus (装置) could be designed to send out radio waves all the time and record the echoesfromany approachi
26、ng airplanes, it would beawonderful method of defense in war. Scientists set about solving the problem and radar was invented. An apparatus was made which sent out waves in pulses, and the presence of adistant airplane was shown on the screen (this is what we have inatelevision set). In this way rad
27、ar station could detect the approach of enemy aircraft. After the war radar was put to peaceful uses. It is now installed at airports to guide airplanes down safely in fog. It is fitted to ships so that they are warned of obstructions (障碍物) ahead, such as icebergs. It guides ships into port. It prov
28、ided airplanes and ships withamagic eye, with which they can see far into thedistance, in the dark or in fog. 28. What does “the last war” in the first paragraph refer to?A. the World War IB. the World War II C. The Oct. Revolution D. the Chinese Liberation War 29. For what purpose did scientists fi
29、rst invent radar? A. To help find their enemies.B. To guide ships into port. C. To send out sound waves.D. To help airplanes land safely.30. The invention of radar .A. has nothing to do with the reflection of sound waves. B. is exactly the same as the reflection of sound waves C. is on the basis of
30、the reflection of sound waves D. is by changing sound waves into radio waves 31.Fromthe passage we may infer that radio waves can .A. only be reflectedfromairplanesB. be reflectedfromanything not farawayC. be reflectedfromalmost everythingD. only be reflectedfromanything made of metalDWhen Matty Sal
31、lin was working on a degree in art and technology at New York University, he got an interesting assignment in electronics class: Create something for the household. He decided to create an alarm clock.“Everybody has to deal with these every day, and they are extremely unpleasant! he says. He asked d
32、ifferent people what theyd like to wake up to instead of a clanging, noisy alarm. A lot of them said, The smell of bacon.”So Sallin and two classmates invented a new kind of alarm clock: a wooden box with a pig face and a digital clock that uses the smell of cooking bacon rather than sound to wake s
33、omeone up. He explains, “Theres no danger of burning, because it uses halogen light bulbs（卤素灯泡）instead of a flame for cooking and turns off automatically after ten minutes.”Just a few easy steps are required to set the “alarm.” “What you do is put a couple of frozen pieces of bacon in the night befo
34、re,” says Sallin. “If you set the alarm for 8:00, it will turn on at 7:50 and slow cook for ten minutes under the halogen bulbs,” he says. Then the bulbs turn off and a fan blows the smell out through the pig nose.“So instead of an alarm or a beep or a radio, you smell yourself awake,” says Sallin.
35、“Then you can open the door on the side and pull the bacon out and eat it.”When Sallin was a kid, he spent a lot of time making drawings of inventions. “I wanted to make an elevator in my back yard and a special tree house,” he says. “But I never really thought Id be called an inventor!” 32.Why did
36、Sallin choose to create a new alarm clock?A. His classmates had no alarm clocks.B. His alarm clock in use was out of fashion.C. Many people disliked the noisy alarm.D. Many people had difficulty in waking up.33.In what way is Sallins alarm clock special?A. It wakes people up with the smell of bacon.
37、 B. It warns people of the danger of burning.C. It can also be used as a lamp.D. It is very small in size.34.The pig nose on the alarm clock is used _.A. to cook the bacon B. to let the smell out C. to sound the alarm D. to blow the flame.35.What do we know about Sallin?A. He decides to make more al
38、arm clocks.B. He has a special gift for clock designing.C. He has always dreamed of becoming an architect.D. He showed an interest in invention at an early age.第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 A DAY IN THE LIFE OF A GUIDE DOGYasmin has short golden hair and enormous br
39、own eyes. She is just seven years old and she lives in Kent, England with her owners, David and Rachel. 36 In fact, she is his eyes.Yasmin sleeps on her own mat which is next to Davids bed. They both wake up at 6:30 every morning. David washes and gets dressed, then they go downstairs together. They
40、 have breakfast, then Yasmin fetches Davids keys and wallet and she takes him for a walk in the park. 37 Going for walks with David is hard work but Yasmin doesnt mind. She has to concentrate hard on the traffic and all the other people in the streets. 38 When they get to work, Yasmins job is much e
41、asier. She just sits in her place, under Davids computer desk. But she cant relax completely. She has to remain alert in case David needs her! 39 He doesnt need Yasmins help so much in the house, because he knows where everything is and, of course, he has Rachel to help him when necessary. Yasmin tr
42、ies to stay out of his way so that he doesnt fall over her! She is always on hand so he can call her when he wants her to help him. 40 When they get home he always thanks her for her help during the day and they play for a while. “Its hard work being someones eyes, but I know Yasmin loves working fo
43、r me and she knows that I appreciate all her help,” says David. “She makes it possible for me to live a normal life.”A. They usually stay home where they listen to music and relax.B. When David finishes work, Yasmin escorts him home where he makes her dinner.C. For example, sometimes she gets very t
44、ired.D. She lets David know when it is safe to cross the roads and if there is anything in his way.E. After dinner, Yasmin and David usually go for another walk in the park. F. After that, she helps him to find his way to work.G. She works for David, who cant see.第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节 完形填空（共20小题
45、；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。I was living in South Korea a few years back when I had to leave the country and return again, due to visa restrictions. My 41 was the port town of Fukuoka, in Japan.I had plenty of 42 in Korean currency which I intended to 43 into Japanes
46、e currency in order to get me through the evening. Little did I know, however, that it was a bank 44 in Japan and there was 45 to change my money.With no local money, I had little 46 but to walk from the terminal towards town while trying to 47 what to do. Some hours and a few 48 banks later, I heard two young European 49 in French and, with nothing to lose, asked if 50 spoke any English. They were Belgian students and, after 51 my predicament(困境), offered to 52 meeting their friends to take me